Research Article
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Information Communication Technologies and Economic Growth: An Application on Five Fragile Economies

Year 2023, , 264 - 278, 28.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.38155/ksbd.1242103

Abstract

In this study, the relationship between economic growth and the use of information and communication technologies is investigated for Brazil, Indonesia, South Africa, India and Turkey, which are called as Five Fragile Economies. For this purpose, the causality relationship between the GDP growth rate and the number of mobile phone subscribers of each country is examined using the causality analysis of Toda and Yamamoto (1995). The annual data set for the periodfrom 1990 to 2020 is used in this study. According to the findings of the study, there is a unidirectional causality relationship from economic growth to the use of information and communication technologies for Brazil and South Africa. There is a bidirectional causality relationship between the series for Indonesia and Turkey.The empirical results indicate that no causality between economic growth and information and communication technologies for India.This study generally proves that information and communication technologiesaccelerate economic growth and at the same time, economic growth directs technological development for Five Fragile Economies.

References

  • Algan, N., Özmen, M. ve Karlılar, S. (2017). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: G-20 ülkeleri için bir analiz. Çukurova Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 1-24.
  • Andrianaivo, M. ve Kpodar, K. (2011). ICT, financial inclusion, and growth: Evidence from African countries. e ISBN: 9781455227068.
  • Artan, S., Hayaloğlu, P. ve Baltacı, N. (2014). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerin iktisadi büyüme üzerindeki etkisi: Geçiş ekonomileri örneği. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 28(1), 199-214.
  • Bahrini, R. ve Qaffas, A.A.(2019). Impact of information and communication technology on economic growth: Evidence from developing countries. Economies, 7(21), 1-13.
  • Becchetti, L., ve Giacomo, S. D. (2007). The unequalizing effects of ICT on economic growth. Metroeconomica, 58(1),155-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467999X.2007.002 64.x.
  • Bozkurt, C. (2015). Türkiye’de bilgi-iletişim, eğitim, sağlık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Ampirik bir yaklaşım. İşletme ve İktisat Çalışmaları Dergisi, 3(2), 45-56.
  • Colecchia, A. ve Schreyer, P. (2002). ICT investment and economic growth in the 1990s: Is the United States a unique case? A comparative study of nine OECD countries. Review of Economics Dynamics, 5(2), 408-442.
  • Dickey, D. A. ve Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366), 427-431.
  • Driouchi, A.,Azelmad, E. M., ve Anders, G. C. (2006). An econometric analysis of the role of knowledge in economic performance. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(2), 241-255.
  • Fernandez-Portillo, A., Almodovar-Gonzalez, M. ve Hernandez-Mogollon, R. (2020). Impact of ICT development on economic growth. A study of OECD European union countries. Technology in Society, 63, 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101420 .
  • Hardy, Andrew (1980). The role of the telephone in economic development. Telecommunication Policy, 4(4), 278-286. Hassan, M. K. (2003). FDI, information technology and economic growth in the MENA region. In 10th Economic Research Forum Conference, December, Morocco.
  • Güloğlu, B. ve Tekin, R. B. (2012). A panel causality analysis of the relationship among research and development, innovation, and economic growth in high-income OECD countries. Eurasian EconomicReview, 2(1), 32-47.
  • Irawan, T. (2014). ICT and economic development: Comparing ASEAN member states. International Economics and Economic Policy, 11(1), 97-114.
  • Işık, N. ve Kılınç, E. C. (2013). Bilgi ekonomisi ve iktisadi büyüme: OECD ülkeleri üzerine bir uygulama. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(26), 21-54.
  • Jorgenson, D. W. ve Stiroh, K. J. (1999). Information technology and growth. American Economic Review, 89, 109–115.
  • Jorgenson, D. W. ve Vu, K. M. (2016). The ICT revolution, world economic growth, and policy issues. Telecommunications Policy, 40(5): 383-397.
  • Kaynak, S. ve Arslan, İ. (2012). In the context of the knowledge economy of parameters: Econometrics analysis of the Organisation for Economic Co-operationand Development (OECD) Economies. African Journal of Business Management, 6(12), 4454-4461.
  • Kim, Doh-Khul (2007). Information technology, economic growth and employment: Evidence from time-series analysis. Journal of Applied Business Research, 23(1), 71-78.
  • Kumar, R. R., Stauvermann, P. J. ve Samitas, A. (2016). The effects of ICT on output per worker: A study of the Chinese economy. Telecommunications Policy, 40(2-3), 102-115.
  • Kurniawati, M. A. (2020). Analysis of the impact of information communication technology on economic growth: Empirical evidence from Asian countries. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, 29(1), 2-18. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-06-2019-0065.
  • Kurozumi, E. ve Yamamoto, Y. (2000). Modified lag augmented vector autoregressions. Econometric Reviews, 19(2), 207-231. https://doi.org/10.1080/07474930008800468.
  • Lee, S.H., Levendis, J. ve Gutierrez, L.H. (2012). Telecommunications and economic growth: An empirical analysis of Sub-Saharan Africa, Applied Economics, 44, 461–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2010.508730.
  • Lee, S., Nam, Y., Lee, S. ve Son, H. (2016). Determinants of ICT innovations: A cross-country empirical study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 110, 71-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.11.010.
  • Nadiri, M. I. ve Nandi, B. (2003). Telecommunications infrastructure and economic development. In Traditional Telecommunications Networks, 1, 293-314. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781950630.00019
  • Nasab, E. H. ve Aghaei, M. (2009), The effect of ICT on economic growth: Further evidence, International Bulletin of Business Administration, 5(2), 46-56.
  • Norton, S. W. (1992). Transaction costs, telecommunications, and the microeconomics of macroeconomic growth. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 41(1), 175-196.
  • OECD (2003). ICT and economic growth: Evidence from OECD countries, ındustries and firms. Erişim adresi: https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/ict-and-economic-growth_9789264101296.
  • Özkan, G. S. ve Çelik, H. (2018). Bilgi iletişim teknolojileri ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki: Türkiye için bir uygulama. Uluslararası Ticaret ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.30711/utead.405474.
  • Perron, P. (1989). The great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit root hypothesis. Econometrica, 57, 1361-1401.
  • Perron, P. (1990). Testing for a unit root in a time series with a changing mean. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 8, 153-162.
  • Rambaldi, A. ve Doran, H. (1996). Testing for Granger non-causality in cointegrated systems made easy. Working Papers in Econometrics and Applied Statistics, University of New England, No:88, 1-23, Erişim adresi: https://www.aliciarambaldi.net/doc/wp88. pdf.
  • Sağlam, C. ve Kaya, H. F. (2020). Bilgi ve iletişim iktisadi faaliyetinin işsizlik oranı üzerindeki kısa ve uzun dönem etkileri. Uluslararası Ekonomi ve Yenilik Dergisi, 6(2), 261-275.
  • Toda, H. Y. ve Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated process. Journal of Econometrics, 66, 225-250.
  • Wang, E.H. (1999). ICT and economic development in Taiwan: Analysis of the evidence. Telecommunications Policy, 23(3-4), 235-243.
  • Word Bank Group (2002). Information and communication technologies: A World Bank group strategy. Erişim adresi: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986 /15243/multi0page.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2004). Disaggregated industrial energy consumption and GDP: The case of Shanghai, 1952–1999. Energy Economics, 26, 69–75. Wu, J. (2010). Urban sustainability: An inevitable goal of landscape research. Landscape Ecology, 25(1), 1-4. Yamak, R. ve Bozkurt, H. (2003). Bilgi teknolojisi ve ekonomik büyüme: Panel veri analizi. II. Bilgi, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Kongresi, Kocaeli: Kocaeli Üniversitesi. Yamak, R. ve Koçak, N. A. (2007). Bilgi teknolojisi harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: 1993-2005. Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi, 2(1), 1-10. Zivot, E. ve Andrews D.W.K. (1992). Further evidence on the great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit-root hypothesis. Journal of Business and Economics Statistics, 10(3), 251-270.

Bilgi İletişim Teknolojileri ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Beşli Kırılgan Ekonomiler Üzerine Bir Uygulama

Year 2023, , 264 - 278, 28.06.2023
https://doi.org/10.38155/ksbd.1242103

Abstract

Bu çalışmada Beşli Kırılgan Ekonomiler olarak adlandırılan Brezilya, Endonezya, Güney Afrika, Hindistan ve Türkiye için ekonomik büyüme ile bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanımı arasındaki ilişki araştırılmaktadır. Bu amaçla her bir ülkeye ait GSYİH büyüme oranı ile cep telefonu abone sayısı arasındaki nedensellik ilişkisi Toda ve Yamamoto (1995) nedensellik analizi kullanılarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada 1990-2020 dönemine ilişkin yıllık veri seti kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın bulgularına göre Brezilya ve Güney Afrika için ekonomik büyümeden bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri kullanımına doğru tek yönlü bir nedensellik ilişkisi söz konusudur. Endonezya ve Türkiye için seriler arasında çift yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi vardır. Ampirik bulgular Hindistan için ekonomik büyüme ve bilgi ve iletişim teknolojileri arasında herhangi bir nedensellik ilişkisi olmadığını göstermektedir. Bu çalışma genel olarak Beşli Kırılgan Ekonomiler için bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin ekonomik büyümeye ivme kazandırdığını ve aynı zamanda ekonomik büyümenin teknolojik gelişmeye yön verdiğini kanıtlamaktadır.

References

  • Algan, N., Özmen, M. ve Karlılar, S. (2017). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerinin ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkisi: G-20 ülkeleri için bir analiz. Çukurova Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 21(1), 1-24.
  • Andrianaivo, M. ve Kpodar, K. (2011). ICT, financial inclusion, and growth: Evidence from African countries. e ISBN: 9781455227068.
  • Artan, S., Hayaloğlu, P. ve Baltacı, N. (2014). Bilgi ve iletişim teknolojilerindeki gelişmelerin iktisadi büyüme üzerindeki etkisi: Geçiş ekonomileri örneği. Atatürk Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Dergisi, 28(1), 199-214.
  • Bahrini, R. ve Qaffas, A.A.(2019). Impact of information and communication technology on economic growth: Evidence from developing countries. Economies, 7(21), 1-13.
  • Becchetti, L., ve Giacomo, S. D. (2007). The unequalizing effects of ICT on economic growth. Metroeconomica, 58(1),155-94. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467999X.2007.002 64.x.
  • Bozkurt, C. (2015). Türkiye’de bilgi-iletişim, eğitim, sağlık ve ekonomik büyüme ilişkisi: Ampirik bir yaklaşım. İşletme ve İktisat Çalışmaları Dergisi, 3(2), 45-56.
  • Colecchia, A. ve Schreyer, P. (2002). ICT investment and economic growth in the 1990s: Is the United States a unique case? A comparative study of nine OECD countries. Review of Economics Dynamics, 5(2), 408-442.
  • Dickey, D. A. ve Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 74(366), 427-431.
  • Driouchi, A.,Azelmad, E. M., ve Anders, G. C. (2006). An econometric analysis of the role of knowledge in economic performance. The Journal of Technology Transfer, 31(2), 241-255.
  • Fernandez-Portillo, A., Almodovar-Gonzalez, M. ve Hernandez-Mogollon, R. (2020). Impact of ICT development on economic growth. A study of OECD European union countries. Technology in Society, 63, 1-9, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techsoc.2020.101420 .
  • Hardy, Andrew (1980). The role of the telephone in economic development. Telecommunication Policy, 4(4), 278-286. Hassan, M. K. (2003). FDI, information technology and economic growth in the MENA region. In 10th Economic Research Forum Conference, December, Morocco.
  • Güloğlu, B. ve Tekin, R. B. (2012). A panel causality analysis of the relationship among research and development, innovation, and economic growth in high-income OECD countries. Eurasian EconomicReview, 2(1), 32-47.
  • Irawan, T. (2014). ICT and economic development: Comparing ASEAN member states. International Economics and Economic Policy, 11(1), 97-114.
  • Işık, N. ve Kılınç, E. C. (2013). Bilgi ekonomisi ve iktisadi büyüme: OECD ülkeleri üzerine bir uygulama. Akdeniz Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 13(26), 21-54.
  • Jorgenson, D. W. ve Stiroh, K. J. (1999). Information technology and growth. American Economic Review, 89, 109–115.
  • Jorgenson, D. W. ve Vu, K. M. (2016). The ICT revolution, world economic growth, and policy issues. Telecommunications Policy, 40(5): 383-397.
  • Kaynak, S. ve Arslan, İ. (2012). In the context of the knowledge economy of parameters: Econometrics analysis of the Organisation for Economic Co-operationand Development (OECD) Economies. African Journal of Business Management, 6(12), 4454-4461.
  • Kim, Doh-Khul (2007). Information technology, economic growth and employment: Evidence from time-series analysis. Journal of Applied Business Research, 23(1), 71-78.
  • Kumar, R. R., Stauvermann, P. J. ve Samitas, A. (2016). The effects of ICT on output per worker: A study of the Chinese economy. Telecommunications Policy, 40(2-3), 102-115.
  • Kurniawati, M. A. (2020). Analysis of the impact of information communication technology on economic growth: Empirical evidence from Asian countries. Journal of Asian Business and Economic Studies, 29(1), 2-18. https://doi.org/10.1108/JSTPM-06-2019-0065.
  • Kurozumi, E. ve Yamamoto, Y. (2000). Modified lag augmented vector autoregressions. Econometric Reviews, 19(2), 207-231. https://doi.org/10.1080/07474930008800468.
  • Lee, S.H., Levendis, J. ve Gutierrez, L.H. (2012). Telecommunications and economic growth: An empirical analysis of Sub-Saharan Africa, Applied Economics, 44, 461–69. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2010.508730.
  • Lee, S., Nam, Y., Lee, S. ve Son, H. (2016). Determinants of ICT innovations: A cross-country empirical study. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 110, 71-77. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.techfore.2015.11.010.
  • Nadiri, M. I. ve Nandi, B. (2003). Telecommunications infrastructure and economic development. In Traditional Telecommunications Networks, 1, 293-314. Edward Elgar Publishing. https://doi.org/10.4337/9781781950630.00019
  • Nasab, E. H. ve Aghaei, M. (2009), The effect of ICT on economic growth: Further evidence, International Bulletin of Business Administration, 5(2), 46-56.
  • Norton, S. W. (1992). Transaction costs, telecommunications, and the microeconomics of macroeconomic growth. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 41(1), 175-196.
  • OECD (2003). ICT and economic growth: Evidence from OECD countries, ındustries and firms. Erişim adresi: https://read.oecd-ilibrary.org/science-and-technology/ict-and-economic-growth_9789264101296.
  • Özkan, G. S. ve Çelik, H. (2018). Bilgi iletişim teknolojileri ile ekonomik büyüme arasındaki ilişki: Türkiye için bir uygulama. Uluslararası Ticaret ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 2(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.30711/utead.405474.
  • Perron, P. (1989). The great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit root hypothesis. Econometrica, 57, 1361-1401.
  • Perron, P. (1990). Testing for a unit root in a time series with a changing mean. Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, 8, 153-162.
  • Rambaldi, A. ve Doran, H. (1996). Testing for Granger non-causality in cointegrated systems made easy. Working Papers in Econometrics and Applied Statistics, University of New England, No:88, 1-23, Erişim adresi: https://www.aliciarambaldi.net/doc/wp88. pdf.
  • Sağlam, C. ve Kaya, H. F. (2020). Bilgi ve iletişim iktisadi faaliyetinin işsizlik oranı üzerindeki kısa ve uzun dönem etkileri. Uluslararası Ekonomi ve Yenilik Dergisi, 6(2), 261-275.
  • Toda, H. Y. ve Yamamoto, T. (1995). Statistical inference in vector autoregressions with possibly integrated process. Journal of Econometrics, 66, 225-250.
  • Wang, E.H. (1999). ICT and economic development in Taiwan: Analysis of the evidence. Telecommunications Policy, 23(3-4), 235-243.
  • Word Bank Group (2002). Information and communication technologies: A World Bank group strategy. Erişim adresi: https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986 /15243/multi0page.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y. Wolde-Rufael, Y. (2004). Disaggregated industrial energy consumption and GDP: The case of Shanghai, 1952–1999. Energy Economics, 26, 69–75. Wu, J. (2010). Urban sustainability: An inevitable goal of landscape research. Landscape Ecology, 25(1), 1-4. Yamak, R. ve Bozkurt, H. (2003). Bilgi teknolojisi ve ekonomik büyüme: Panel veri analizi. II. Bilgi, Ekonomi ve Yönetim Kongresi, Kocaeli: Kocaeli Üniversitesi. Yamak, R. ve Koçak, N. A. (2007). Bilgi teknolojisi harcamalarının ekonomik büyüme üzerine etkileri: 1993-2005. Bilgi Ekonomisi ve Yönetimi Dergisi, 2(1), 1-10. Zivot, E. ve Andrews D.W.K. (1992). Further evidence on the great crash, the oil price shock, and the unit-root hypothesis. Journal of Business and Economics Statistics, 10(3), 251-270.
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Berat Harman 0000-0002-0780-6854

Zehra Abdioğlu 0000-0002-1653-2840

Early Pub Date June 22, 2023
Publication Date June 28, 2023
Submission Date January 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023

Cite

APA Harman, B., & Abdioğlu, Z. (2023). Bilgi İletişim Teknolojileri ve Ekonomik Büyüme: Beşli Kırılgan Ekonomiler Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Karadeniz Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 15(28), 264-278. https://doi.org/10.38155/ksbd.1242103