HIV Pozitif Hastalarda Visseral Leishmaniasis ve Intestinal Parazitlerin Koenfeksiyonunun Araştırılması

Year 2024, Volume: 19 Issue: 1, 44 - 48, 28.03.2024

Mehmet Çabalak , Gülnaz Çulha , Tuğba Kaya , Yusuf Önlen , Burcu Küçükeser , Hasibullah Yaqoobi

https://doi.org/10.17517/ksutfd.1178633

Abstract

Amaç: Paraziter enfeksiyonlar, insan immün yetmezlik virüsü (HIV) ile enfekte olgular gibi immunsüpresif olgularda daha yüksek oranlarda görülmektedir.
Buna ek olarak, immünkompetan olgularla karşılaştırıldığında immünsüpresif hasta grubunda daha ciddi bir klinik seyre yol açmaktadır. HIV pozitif bireylerde parazitlerin patojenitesi artmakta ve mortalite ile sonuçlanabilen değişen şiddetteki klinik semptomlar görülebilmektedir. Visseral leishmaisis (VL)
vektörle bulaşan bir hastalık ve her iki enfeksiyonun endemik olduğu özellikle Güney Avrupa ve Afrika’da HIV/ Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
(AIDS) vakalarında görülen önemli bir fırsatçı enfeksiyondur. Toxoplazmosis, cryptospororidiosis, isosporiasis, cyclosporiasis, amibiazis, giardiazis, plasmodium ve strongylodiasis olmak üzere çeşitli parazitler bu hasta grupları için önemli risk faktörü oluşturan enfeksiyonlardır.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda HIV pozitif olguların serum örneklerinden serolojik olarak visseral leishmaniasis ve gaita örneklerinden konvansiyonel
yöntemlerle paraziter enfeksiyonlar araştırıldı.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen 42 olgunun 5’i kadın idi. Bu olguların ortalama yaşı 38.7 (19-66) idi. HIV pozitif olgulardan alınan dışkı örneklerinin
5’inde Blastocystis spp tespit edildi. Serum örnekleri ile çalışılan rK39 dipstick testi sonucunda bir olguda çok zayıf bant elde edilirken, diğer testlerin hiçbiri
pozitif bant vermedi.
Sonuç: HIV pozitif olgularda subklinik olarak seyredebilen bu gizli enfeksiyonların bölgesel prevalansının bilinmesi önemlidir. Ancak literatürde ülkemizdeki durum ile ilgili yeterli veri bulunmamaktadır. Bu çalışmada bölgemizde HIV enfeksiyonu olan kişilerde enterik paraziter enfeksiyon prevalansı düşük
bulunmuştur ve VL tespit edilmemiştir.

Keywords

HIV, visseral leishmaniasis, intestinal parazitler

Project Number

Project number: 19.M.014

Investigation of Visceral Leishmaniasis and Coinfection of Intestinal Parasites in HIV-Positive Patients

Abstract

Objective: Parasitic infections are more frequently observed in immunosuppressed cases, such as those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Furthermore, compared to immunocompetent cases, a more severe clinical course is observed in the immunosuppressed patient group. HIV-positive individuals have increased pathogenicity of parasites and may exhibit a wide range of clinical symptoms of varying severity that may result in mortality. Visceral
leishmaniasis (VL) is a vector-borne disease and an important opportunistic infection seen in HIV/Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) cases,
most notably in Southern Europe and Africa, where both infections are endemic. Several parasites namely toxoplasmosis, cryptosporidiosis, isosporiasis,
cyclosporiasis, amebiasis, giardiasis, plasmodium, and strongyloidiasis are infections posing significant risk factors for these patient groups.
Materials and Methods: In this study, visceral leishmaniasis was investigated serologically in serum samples and parasitic infections were analyzed by
conventional methods in fecal samples from HIV-positive cases.
Results: 5 of the 42 cases included in the study were female. The mean age of these cases was 38.7 years (19-66). Blastocystis spp was detected in 5 fecal
samples obtained from HIV-positive cases. The rK39 dipstick test with serum samples yielded a very weak band in one case, while none of the other tests
yielded a positive band.
Conclusion: The regional prevalence of these latent infections, which can be subclinical in HIV-positive patients, is important to know. However, the literature lacks sufficient data on the situation in Turkey. In this study, the prevalence of enteric parasitic infections in people with HIV infection in our region
was found to be low and VL was not detected.

Keywords

HIV, visceral leismaniasis, intestinal parasites

Supporting Institution

Hatay Mustafa Kemal University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit

Project Number

Project number: 19.M.014

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