Changes in Early Childhood Obesity from 2016 to 2019 and Effective Factors

Year 2020, , 435 - 442, 20.10.2020

Cüneyt Ardıç , Ayşe Şahin , Ayşe Yazan Arslan , Tahsin Gökhan Telatar , Erdem Memiş , Cihangir Yıldız , Esma Omar , Safa Uzun , Hüseyin Adanur , Ayşe Topak , Serdar Karakullukçu , Muharrem Kara , Oğuzer Usta

https://doi.org/10.18521/ktd.713468

Abstract

Objective: Aim of our study is showing the changes of factors that affecting early childhood obesity from 2016 to 2019 and to ensure that necessary measures are taken about this regard.

Method: 3 years follow-up information of 388 babies whom born in 2013 and 2016 and registered at the Family Health Centers of Rize (Turkey) included to our study. The family doctors participating in this study examined these babies who were registered to them during their 1st, 3rd, 7th, 9th, 12th, 18th, 24th, 30th, 36th months at the family health centers in accordance with Turkish Health Ministry protocols and recorded their height, weight, head circumference, and BMI (Body Mass Index).

Results: 388 babies included in study, 177 of them were born in 2013 and 211 of them were born in 2016. Percentage of being overweight or obese was 19.2% in babies born in 2013 and this rate decreased to 18.2% in babies born in 2016. Percentage of being overweight or obese was 16% in girls and 21.2% in boys. We observed that high birth weight (>4000 gr) and excess gestational weight gain are risk factors for being overweight or obese at the age of three. (p=0,048)

Conclusion: Result of our study showed us that although prevalence of early childhood obesity decreased, but prevalence is still at critical level. We found that gestational weight gain and high birth weight are risk factors for early childhood obesity. In future obesity prevention studies, taking these risk factors into account will be beneficial.

Keywords

Obesity, Overweight, BMI, Child

Erken Çocukluk Çağı Obezitesinde 2016'dan 2019'a Değişiklikler ve Etkili Faktörler

Abstract

Amaç: Çalışmamızın amacı 2016 yılından 2019 yılına erken çocukluk çağı obezitesine etkili faktörlerin değişimini göstererek bu konuda gerekli önlemlerin alınmasını sağlamaktır.

Yöntem: Retrospektif kohort tipindeki çalışmamıza 2013 ve2016 yılı doğumlu olan ve Rize ili Aile sağlığı merkezlerine kayıtlı 388 çocuğun 3 yaş izlem bilgileri dahil edilmiştir. Çalışmaya katılan Aile Hekimleri kendilerine kayıtlı olan çocukları Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Sağlık Bakanlığı’nın bebek ve çocuk izlem protokolüne uygun olarak 1, 3, 7, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30 ve 36. aylarında aile sağlığı merkezlerinde izleyerek boy-kilo-baş çevresi ve vücut kitle indekslerini (VKI) kaydetmişlerdir. Elde edilen verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistiksel yöntemler kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya 177’si 2013 doğumlu, 211’i 2016 doğumlu toplam 388 çocuk dahil edilmiştir. Fazla kilolu ya da obez olma durumu 2013 yılı doğumlularda %19.2 iken bu oran 2016 doğumlularda %18.2’ye gerilemiştir. Çalışmaya alınan çocuklarda obezite ya da fazla kilolu olma durumu kızlarda %16 iken erkeklerde %21.2 idi. Yüksek doğum ağırlığının(>4000 gr) ve fazla gestasyonel kilo alımının 3 yaş fazla kilolu ya da obez olma durumu için bir risk olduğunu gözlemledik. (p=0,048)

Sonuç: Çalışmamızın sonucu bize erken çocukluk çağı obezitesi prevalansının alınan son önlemlerle bir miktar gerilese de hala ciddi seviyede olduğunu gösterdi. Gestasyonel kilo alımı ve yüksek doğum ağırlığının erken çocukluk çağı obezitesi için bir risk olduğunu bulduğumuz çalışmamızdan yola çıkarak ileriye yönelik obezite önleme çalışmalarında bu risklerin göz önüne alınması konusunda faydalı olacaktır.

Keywords

Obezite, Fazlakiloluk, VKI, Çocuk

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