Common Dermatological Diseases of the Neonate

Year 2019, Volume: 11 Issue: 4, 183 - 192, 03.07.2019

Prof. Dr. Nurullah Okumuş

Abstract

Abstract

The neonate skin, which provides communication with the outer environment both during intrauterine period and also after birth has vital functions such as thermoregulation, mechanical resistance, maintaining fluid-electrolyte balance and protection against external factors. These functions are provided by some ongoing changes and development process in the first 2 years of life. There can be some temporary changes and problems of theskin during the birth and the progressing period. Most of these issues are temporary or physiological dermatoses which are benign in nature and generally disappears as the completion of skin maturation. However, some skin disorders although they are the reason of serious morbidity and mortality, may resemble benign clinical situations in this period. Dermatological skin examination of newborn has vital importance in early diagnosis and treatment of congenital diseases and in differentiating between dermatoses which is temporary, benign, or does not require treatment; conditions due to neonatal distress such as postmaturity and anoxia and severe diseases that require treatment.

Keywords

Newborn, skin, dermatosis

Yenidoğanda Sık Rastlanan Dermatolojik Sorunlar

Abstract

Öz

Hem intrauterin dönemde, hem de doğumdan sonra dış ortam ile iletişimi sağlayan yenidoğan derisinin; termoregülasyon, mekanik direnç, sıvı-elektrolit dengesinin korunması ve dış ajanlara karşı koruma gibi yaşamsal fonksiyonları vardır. Bu fonksiyonlar doğumdan sonra ilk iki yıl devam eden gelişim ve değişim süreci ile sağlanır. Doğumda ve izleyen dönemde deride geçici bazı değişiklikler veya sorunlar olabilir. Bu sorunların büyük kısmı; deride maturasyonun tamamlanmasıyla genellikle ortadan kalkan, benign seyirli,  geçici veya fizyolojik olarak sınıflandırılan dermatozlardır. Ancak bu dönemde bir takım dermatolojik hastalıklar, ciddi morbidite ve mortalite kaynağı olmasına karşın benign klinik tablolarla büyük benzerlik gösterebilmektedir. Yenidoğanın dermatolojik muayenesi geçici benign, tedavi gerektirmeyen dermatozlarla; postmatürite,anoksi gibi neonatal distrese bağlı durumların ve tedavi edilmesi gerekli ciddi hastalık tablolarının ayrımı ile konjenital hastalıkların erken tanı ve tedavisi açısından önem arzetmektedir.

Keywords

yenidoğan, deri, dermatoz

References

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