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Oscar Wilde'ın Lady Windermere'in Yelpazesi Eserinde İkili Karşıtlıkların Yeniden Yapılandırılması

Year 2021, Issue: 10, 22 - 38, 10.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.971776

Abstract

İçinde yaşadığı dönemin uyumsuz figürlerinden biri olarak kabul edilen Oscar Wilde (1850-1900), Viktorya çağının geleneksel düzen ve kurallarına meydan okuyan kendine özgü bir bakış açısına sahiptir. Geç Viktorya dönemine ait ahlaki değer yargılarının çözülüşüne ve ikiyüzlü uygulamalarına tanık olan Wilde, tiyatro eserlerinde okuyucunun/izleyicinin iyi ve kötü, dürüst ve yozlaşmış, masum ve günahkâr gibi ‘keskin’ ayrımlar arasındaki muğlak alanları sorgulamasını sağlayan mizahi bir tavır geliştirir. Sanatın topluma rehberlik etmeyi amaçlayan ahlaki bir eğitim aracı olarak konumlanmasını reddeden Wilde, Viktorya dönemi üst ve üst-orta sınıfın kök salmış değerlerini alkışlamaktan imtina eder. Bunun yerine, Viktorya dönemi ahlakının riyakâr arka planını gün yüzüne çıkaracak olan üstü kapalı anlam katmanlarına dikkat çekmeye çalışır. Tüm bunlardan hareketle, Lady Windermere’in Yelpazesi (1892) eserinin, annesinin fedakarlığı olmasa ‘iyi’ kadın / ‘kötü’ kadın arasındaki çizgiyi aşmasına ramak kalan Lady Windermere ve bilinmeyen bir geçmişe sahip, sözde ‘kötü’ kadın Bayan Erlynne arasındaki gri alanları betimleyerek, ya/ya da ikiliklerinin ötesindeki, birbiri ile değiştirilebilir olan noktaları örneklendirdiği tartışılacaktır. Dolayısıyla, bu makale 19. yüzyılın sonlarında İngiltere’de çözülmekte olan ahlaki değerler karşısında katı Viktorya dönemi ikiliklerinin nasıl yeniden yapılandırıldığını analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Ayrıca, her ne kadar bu çalışmanın ana kapsamı ilgili metne postmodern ya da feminist bir okuma uygulamakla ilgili olmasa da Wilde’ın ikili karşıtlıkları sorgulayan tutumunu desteklemek adına, Julia Kristeva’nın (d. 1941) kadınların ataerkil temsiline yönelik eleştirisine de değinilmiştir.

References

  • Barry, Peter (1995). Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Ellmann, Richard (1969). “Introduction.” Oscar Wilde: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Richard Ellmann. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1-8.
  • Eltis, Sos (1996). Revising Wilde: Society and Subversion in the Plays of Oscar Wilde. Oxford: Clarendon.
  • Ganz, Arthur (1982). “The Divided Self in the Society Comedies of Oscar Wilde (1960).” Wilde: Comedies. Ed. William Tydeman. London: The Macmillan, 126-134.
  • Hankin, St. John (2008). “St. John Hankin: The Collected Plays of Oscar Wilde (1908)”. Oscar Wilde. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Infobase Publishing, 50-52.
  • Miller, Robert Keith (1982). Oscar Wilde. New York: Frederick Ungar.
  • Morley, Sheridan (1997). Oscar Wilde. London: Pavilion.
  • Raby, Peter (1988). “Plays: the Social Comedies”. Oscar Wilde. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 81-100.
  • Raby, Peter (1997). “Wilde’s Comedies of Society”. The Cambridge Companion to Oscar Wilde. Ed. Peter Raby. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 143-160.
  • Sammells, Neil (2000). Wilde Style: The Plays and Prose of Oscar Wilde. Essex: Longman.
  • Shewan, Rodney (1982). “Lady Windermere’s Fan: The Critic as Dramatist (1977)” Wilde: Comedies. Ed. William Tydeman. London: The Macmillan, 134-145.
  • Stokes, John (1978). Oscar Wilde. London: Longman.
  • Varty, Anne (1998). A Preface to Oscar Wilde. New York: Longman.
  • Wilde, Oscar (1968). Lady Windermere’s Fan: A Play about a Good Woman. London: Penguin.
  • Worth, Katharine (1987). Oscar Wilde. London: MacMillan Education.

Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde's Lady Windermere's Fan

Year 2021, Issue: 10, 22 - 38, 10.09.2021
https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.971776

Abstract

Considered as a misfit in his own time, Oscar Wilde (1854-1900) has an idiosyncratic perspective that defies the traditional regulations and social norms of the Victorian era. Witnessing the gradual disintegration of the moral values and the hypocritical practices of the late Victorian society, Wilde develops a humorous attitude which enables the reader/audience to question the ambivalent gaps between ‘sharp’ distinctions – such as good and bad, honest and corrupt, pure and fallen – in his works. Rejecting the status of art as an instrument of moral education that aims to guide the society, Wilde refrains from applauding the long-established values of the Victorian upper and upper-middle classes. Instead, he tries to draw attention to the hidden layers of meaning that bring the hypocritical agenda of the Victorian morals to the surface. In this respect, it is to be argued that illustrating the grey areas between Lady Windermere who, as a devout wife, was about the cross the line between a ‘good’ and a ‘bad’ woman if it were not for the altruism of her mother, and Mrs Erlynne, who is the so-called ‘bad’ woman with an unknown past, Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan (1892) illustrates the interchangeable points between either/or dualities. Therefore, this paper intends to analyse the remoulding of the strict Victorian binaries – which have long been constructed in accordance with the hypocritical premises of the late 19th century in England. In addition, although the main scope of this study is not concerned with applying a postmodern or feminist reading to the source text, in order to support Wilde’s intention to problematize the constructed status of the binary oppositions, Julia Kristeva’s (b. 1941) criticism against the patriarchal representation of women will also be touched upon.

References

  • Barry, Peter (1995). Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
  • Ellmann, Richard (1969). “Introduction.” Oscar Wilde: A Collection of Critical Essays. Ed. Richard Ellmann. New Jersey: Prentice-Hall, 1-8.
  • Eltis, Sos (1996). Revising Wilde: Society and Subversion in the Plays of Oscar Wilde. Oxford: Clarendon.
  • Ganz, Arthur (1982). “The Divided Self in the Society Comedies of Oscar Wilde (1960).” Wilde: Comedies. Ed. William Tydeman. London: The Macmillan, 126-134.
  • Hankin, St. John (2008). “St. John Hankin: The Collected Plays of Oscar Wilde (1908)”. Oscar Wilde. Ed. Harold Bloom. New York: Infobase Publishing, 50-52.
  • Miller, Robert Keith (1982). Oscar Wilde. New York: Frederick Ungar.
  • Morley, Sheridan (1997). Oscar Wilde. London: Pavilion.
  • Raby, Peter (1988). “Plays: the Social Comedies”. Oscar Wilde. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 81-100.
  • Raby, Peter (1997). “Wilde’s Comedies of Society”. The Cambridge Companion to Oscar Wilde. Ed. Peter Raby. Cambridge: Cambridge University, 143-160.
  • Sammells, Neil (2000). Wilde Style: The Plays and Prose of Oscar Wilde. Essex: Longman.
  • Shewan, Rodney (1982). “Lady Windermere’s Fan: The Critic as Dramatist (1977)” Wilde: Comedies. Ed. William Tydeman. London: The Macmillan, 134-145.
  • Stokes, John (1978). Oscar Wilde. London: Longman.
  • Varty, Anne (1998). A Preface to Oscar Wilde. New York: Longman.
  • Wilde, Oscar (1968). Lady Windermere’s Fan: A Play about a Good Woman. London: Penguin.
  • Worth, Katharine (1987). Oscar Wilde. London: MacMillan Education.
There are 15 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Creative Arts and Writing
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Seçil Erkoç 0000-0003-0934-331X

Publication Date September 10, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Issue: 10

Cite

APA Erkoç, S. (2021). Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi(10), 22-38. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.971776
AMA Erkoç S. Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan. KAD. September 2021;(10):22-38. doi:10.46250/kulturder.971776
Chicago Erkoç, Seçil. “Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 10 (September 2021): 22-38. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.971776.
EndNote Erkoç S (September 1, 2021) Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi 10 22–38.
IEEE S. Erkoç, “Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan”, KAD, no. 10, pp. 22–38, September 2021, doi: 10.46250/kulturder.971776.
ISNAD Erkoç, Seçil. “Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi 10 (September 2021), 22-38. https://doi.org/10.46250/kulturder.971776.
JAMA Erkoç S. Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan. KAD. 2021;:22–38.
MLA Erkoç, Seçil. “Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan”. Kültür Araştırmaları Dergisi, no. 10, 2021, pp. 22-38, doi:10.46250/kulturder.971776.
Vancouver Erkoç S. Remoulding of the Binary Oppositions in Oscar Wilde’s Lady Windermere’s Fan. KAD. 2021(10):22-38.