Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Thrombin Injection in Iatrogenic Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysms: A Single Center Experience

Year 2019, Volume: 21 Issue: 2, 139 - 147, 31.08.2019

Hasanali Durmaz , Onur Ergun Kürşat Güreşçi , Erdem Birgi , Azad Hekimoğlu , Baki Hekimoğlu

https://doi.org/10.24938/kutfd.493118

Abstract

Objective: The aim
of this study is to share our experience of ultrasound-guided percutaneus
thrombin injection in the treatment in iatrogenic femoral artery
pseudoaneurysms and discuss about the safety and efficacy of this minimally
invasive treatment.

Material and Methods: Fourty-two patients (26 female, 16 male) with
iatrogenic femoral artery pseudoaneurysms treated with percutaneous
ultrasound-guided thrombin injection between June 2012 and August 2017 were
retrospectively evaluated. The diameter and the number of the pseudoaneurysm
sac, artery of origin, pseudoaneurysm shape and structure were identified by
Doppler ultrasound and thrombin was injected via a 21 G needle. Control with
Doppler ultrasound was performed on the first day and one weekafter the
procedure.

Results: The mean age of the patients included in the study was
66 years (range: 46-88 years). Thirty-three percent of pseudoaneurysm sacs had
originated from the superficial femoral artery and 67%from the common femoral
artery. Mean pseudoaneurysm diameter was 36.7 mm (range: 19-55 mm), mean neck
lenght was 21 mm and mean neck diameter was 3.2 mm. Pseudoaneurysm in 50%of the
patients was partially thrombosed, while 8 patients had two or more synchronous
pseudoaneurysms and 8 patients had multilobulated pseudoaneurysm sacs.

Pseudoaneurysms
were completely thrombosed with a single injection in 83%of patients. In two
patients, pseudoaneurysms were thrombosed with mild compression in addition to
thrombin injection during the first procedure. Four patients’ pseudoaneurysms
were thrombosed after a second injection within the first week because of
recurrence. In one patient, the pseudoaneurysm sac enlarged after procedure and
required stent-graft owing to superficial femoral artery compression and
occlusion. Technical, primary and secondary success rates were 100%, 93% and 98%
respectively. No complications occured during the procedure.

Conclusion: Ultrasound-guided percutaneus thrombin
injection is a reliable and effective method that can be easily applied even in
numerous and multilobulated pseudoaneurysms.

Keywords

Pseudoaneurysm, thrombin, ultrasound

İYATROJENİK FEMORAL ARTER PSÖDOANEVRİZMALARINDA ULTRASON EŞLİĞİNDE PERKÜTAN TROMBİN ENJEKSİYONU: TEK MERKEZ DENEYİMİ

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada, iyatrojenik femoral arter psödoanevrizmalarında
ultrason eşliğinde perkütan trombin enjeksiyonu tedavisi hakkında tecrübemizi
aktarmak ve bu minimal invaziv tedavinin etkinliği ile güvenilirliğinin
sunulması amaçlandı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmada Haziran 2012 ile
Ağustos 2017 arasında ultrason eşliğinde
perkütan trombin enjeksiyonu ile tedavi edilmiş iyatrojenik femoral arter
psödoanevrizmalı 42 hasta (26 kadın, 16 erkek) retrospektif olarak
değerlendirildi. Doppler ultrason ile psödoanevrizma kesesi sayısı, çapı,
psödoanevrizma şekli ve yapısı, orijin aldığı arter tanımlandı ve sonrasında 21
G iğne ile trombin enjeksiyonu gerçekleştirildi. İşlem sonrası kontrol, ilk gün
ve birinci hafta sonrası Doppler ultrason ile yapıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya dahil edilen hastların ortalama yaşı 66 idi
(46-88 yaş). Psödoanevrizmalar hastaların %33’ünde yüzeyel femoral arterden,
%67’sinde ana femoral arterden köken almaktaydı. Ortalama psödoanevrizma çapı
36.7 mm (19-55 mm), ortalama psödoanevrizma uzunluğu 21 mm, ortalama boyun çapı
3.2 mm olarak ölçüldü. Psödoanevrizmalar hastaların %50’sinde parsiyel
tromboze, 8 hastada aynı zamanda iki veya daha fazla sayıda ve 8 hastada
multilobuleydi. Hastaların %83’ünde psödoanevrizma kesesi tek enjeksiyonda
total tromboze oldu. İki hastanın psödoanevrizma kesesi ilk prosedür esnasında
trombin enjeksiyonuna ek olarak hafif kompresyon ile tromboze edildi. Dört
hastada ilk hafta içinde gelişen rekürrens nedeniyle ikinci bir enjeksiyon ile
total tromboz sağlandı. Bir hastada psödoanevrizma boyutunun artması sonucu
yüzeyel femoral artere bası yapması ve akımı engellemesi nedeniyle
psödoanevrizma stent-greft ile tedavi edildi. Teknik, primer ve sekonder başarı
oranları ise sırasıyla %100, %93 ve %98 olarak hesaplandı. İşlemler esnasında
komplikasyon gelişmedi.

Sonuç: İyatrojenik femoral arter psödoanevrizmalarının
tedavisinde uygulanan ultrason eşliğinde perkütan trombin enjeksiyonu;
güvenilir, etkin ve çok sayıda, multilobule psödoanevrizmalarda bile kolay
uygulanabilir bir yöntemdir.

Keywords

Psödoanevrizma, trombin, ultrason

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