Research Article
Year 2019,
Volume: 58 Issue: 2, 111 - 120, 01.06.2019
Abstract
In this study, effect of activation conditions on the recovery of aluminum (Al) obtained by acid
leaching from Pütürge (Malatya) pyrophyllite ore containing 23.6% Al2O3 was investigated. In this
context, the initially non-activated ore and later activated ore samples using calcining and intensive
milling were leached with HCl, separately. According to the experimental results, Al-recovery in
the leachate for the raw, calcined and intensively milled ore samples were found to be 10.57%,
33.63% and 86.5%, respectively. It was also found that there was not sufficient dilation between
the clay layers during calcination and the porous structure could not be obtained, also the new
mineral phases which resist to dissolution in acidic media were formed at high temperatures. For
this reason, the aluminum recovery of thermally activated ore was relatively low. However, it was
confirmed that mechanical activation by intensive milling led to amorphization of clay minerals,
and thus, the mechanical activation significantly improved the dissolution behavior of aluminum.
As a result of this study, it is concluded that while Al recovery is slightly increased by thermal
activation, it is dramatically increased by mechanical activation.
References
- Al-Zahrani, A.A., Abdul-Majid, M.H., 2009. Extraction of Alumina from Local Clays by Hydrochloric Acid Process. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Engineering Sciences, 20(2), 29-41.
- Bazin, C., K. El-Ouassiti, V. Ouellet., 2007. Sequential Leaching for the Recovery of Alumina from a Canadian Clay. Hydrometallurgy 88, 196–201.
- Barry T. S., Uysal T., Erdemoğlu M., Birinci M., 2019. Thermal and Mechanical Activation in Acid Leaching Processes of Non-bauxite Ores available for Alumina Production-A Review, Mining, Metallurgy&Exploration,https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461- 018-0025-7.
- Bengtson, K.B., 1979. A Technological Comparison of Six Processes for the Production of Reduction Grade Alumina from Non-bauxitic Raw Materials. In: Peterson, W.S. (Ed.), Light Metals, Wiley-VCH, pp. 217–312.
- Bozkaya, Ö., Yalçın H., Başıbüyük, Z., Bozkaya, G., 2007. Metamorphic-Hosted Pyrophyllite and Dickite Occurrences from the Hydrous Al-Silicate Deposits of the Malatya-Pütürge Region, Central Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Clays and Clay Minerals, 55, 423–442.
- Cohen, J., Mercier, H., 1976. Recovery of Alumina from Non-bauxite Aluminum-bearing Raw Materials, Société Aluminium Pechiney, Light Metals, Wiley-VCH.
- Daniels A. L., Muzenda E., 2012. Recovery of Aluminium Oxide from Flint Clay through H2SO4 Leaching. Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, WCE 2012, July 4 - 6, London, U.K.
- Erdemoğlu, M., 2009. Carbothermic Reduction of Mechanically Activated Celestite. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 92, 144-152.
- Erdemoğlu, M., Birinci, M., Uysal T., Porgalı E., 2018. Acid Leaching Performance of Mechanically Activated Pyrophyllite Ore for Al2O3 Extraction. Journal of Materials Science, 53:13801–13812.
- Flint E. P., Clarke W. F., Newman E. S., Leo Shartsis. D. L., 1946. Bishop and Lansing S. Wells, Extraction of Alumina from Clays and High Silica Bauxites. Journal of Research of The National Bureau of Standards, Volume 36.
- Habashi, F., 1999. Textbook of Hydrometallurgy (İkinci baskı). Quebec, Kanada: Metallurgie Extractive Quebec. Habashi, F., 1997. Handbook of Extractive Metallurgy, Volume 2. Heidelberg, Germany: Wiley-VCH.
- Özdemir, M., Çetişli, H., 2005. Extraction Kinetics of Alunite in Sulphuric Acid and Hydrochloric Acid. Hydrometallurgy, 76, 217-224.
- Sawyer, D.L., Turner, T.L., Hunter, D.B., 1983. Alumina Mini-Plant Operation-Overall Mass Balance for Clay HCl Acid Leaching. U.S. Bureau of Mines. Report No 8759, 29 pp.
- Temuujin, J., Okada, K., Jadambaa, T.S., MacKenzie, K.J.D., Amarsanaa, J., 2003. Effect of Grinding on the Leaching Behaviour of Pyrophyllite. Journal of European Ceramic Society, 23(8), 1277-1282.
- Uysal T., Mutlu H.S., Erdemoğlu M., 2016. Effects of Mechanical Activation of Colemanite (Ca2B6O11.5H2O) on its Thermal Transformations. International Journal of Mineral Processing 151, 51-58.
- Uysal, T., 2018. Asit Liç Yöntemi ile Pirofillit Cevherinden Alümina Üretiminde Aktifleştirme Koşullarının Araştırılması, Doktora Tezi, İnönü Üniversitesi.
- Warris C.J., McCormick, P. G., 1997. Mechanochemical Processing of Refractory Pyrite. Minerals Engineering, 10, 1119-1125.
- World Aluminium, http://www.world aluminium.org/ statistics/alumina-production. Son Erişim Tarihi: 11 Aralık 2018.
- Yao, Z.T., Xia, M.S., Sarker, P.K., Chen, T., 2014. A Review of the Alumina Recovery from Coal Fly Ash, with a Focus in China. Fuel, 120, 74-85.
Year 2019,
Volume: 58 Issue: 2, 111 - 120, 01.06.2019
Abstract
Bu çalışmada, Pütürge (Malatya) pirofillit yatağından alınan %23,6 Al2O3 içerikli cevherden asit
liç işlemiyle alüminyum (Al) kazanımı üzerine aktivasyon koşullarının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu
kapsamda, başlangıçta aktive edilmemiş tüvenan cevher ile daha sonra kalsinasyon ve aşırı
öğütme yoluyla aktive edilmiş cevherler HCI ile liç edilmiştir. Elde edilen deneysel çalışma
bulgularına göre; tüvenan, kalsine ve aşırı öğütülmüş cevher için liç çözeltisinde Al kazanımı
sırasıyla %10,57, %33,63 ve %86,5 olarak bulunmuştur. Kalsinasyon işlemi sırasında kil tabakaları
arasında yeterli bir açılmanın olmadığı ve gözenekli yapının elde edilemediği, ayrıca yüksek
sıcaklıklarda asitte çözünmeye dirençli yeni mineral fazlarının ortaya çıktığı tespit edilmiştir. Bu
nedenle termal yolla aktifleştirilmiş cevher için Al kazanımı nispeten düşük çıkmıştır. Öte yandan
aşırı öğütmeyle sağlanan mekanik aktivasyonun cevherdeki kil minerallerinin amorflaşmasına
yol açtığı, böylece alüminyumun çözeltiye geçme eğiliminde önemli bir iyileşme sağladığı
görülmüştür. Sonuçta termal aktivasyonun kısmen, mekanik aktivasyonun ise çok belirgin bir
şekilde Al kazanımını artırdığı sonucuna varılmıştır.
Keywords
References
- Al-Zahrani, A.A., Abdul-Majid, M.H., 2009. Extraction of Alumina from Local Clays by Hydrochloric Acid Process. Journal of King Abdulaziz University: Engineering Sciences, 20(2), 29-41.
- Bazin, C., K. El-Ouassiti, V. Ouellet., 2007. Sequential Leaching for the Recovery of Alumina from a Canadian Clay. Hydrometallurgy 88, 196–201.
- Barry T. S., Uysal T., Erdemoğlu M., Birinci M., 2019. Thermal and Mechanical Activation in Acid Leaching Processes of Non-bauxite Ores available for Alumina Production-A Review, Mining, Metallurgy&Exploration,https://doi.org/10.1007/s42461- 018-0025-7.
- Bengtson, K.B., 1979. A Technological Comparison of Six Processes for the Production of Reduction Grade Alumina from Non-bauxitic Raw Materials. In: Peterson, W.S. (Ed.), Light Metals, Wiley-VCH, pp. 217–312.
- Bozkaya, Ö., Yalçın H., Başıbüyük, Z., Bozkaya, G., 2007. Metamorphic-Hosted Pyrophyllite and Dickite Occurrences from the Hydrous Al-Silicate Deposits of the Malatya-Pütürge Region, Central Eastern Anatolia, Turkey. Clays and Clay Minerals, 55, 423–442.
- Cohen, J., Mercier, H., 1976. Recovery of Alumina from Non-bauxite Aluminum-bearing Raw Materials, Société Aluminium Pechiney, Light Metals, Wiley-VCH.
- Daniels A. L., Muzenda E., 2012. Recovery of Aluminium Oxide from Flint Clay through H2SO4 Leaching. Proceedings of the World Congress on Engineering, WCE 2012, July 4 - 6, London, U.K.
- Erdemoğlu, M., 2009. Carbothermic Reduction of Mechanically Activated Celestite. International Journal of Mineral Processing, 92, 144-152.
- Erdemoğlu, M., Birinci, M., Uysal T., Porgalı E., 2018. Acid Leaching Performance of Mechanically Activated Pyrophyllite Ore for Al2O3 Extraction. Journal of Materials Science, 53:13801–13812.
- Flint E. P., Clarke W. F., Newman E. S., Leo Shartsis. D. L., 1946. Bishop and Lansing S. Wells, Extraction of Alumina from Clays and High Silica Bauxites. Journal of Research of The National Bureau of Standards, Volume 36.
- Habashi, F., 1999. Textbook of Hydrometallurgy (İkinci baskı). Quebec, Kanada: Metallurgie Extractive Quebec. Habashi, F., 1997. Handbook of Extractive Metallurgy, Volume 2. Heidelberg, Germany: Wiley-VCH.
- Özdemir, M., Çetişli, H., 2005. Extraction Kinetics of Alunite in Sulphuric Acid and Hydrochloric Acid. Hydrometallurgy, 76, 217-224.
- Sawyer, D.L., Turner, T.L., Hunter, D.B., 1983. Alumina Mini-Plant Operation-Overall Mass Balance for Clay HCl Acid Leaching. U.S. Bureau of Mines. Report No 8759, 29 pp.
- Temuujin, J., Okada, K., Jadambaa, T.S., MacKenzie, K.J.D., Amarsanaa, J., 2003. Effect of Grinding on the Leaching Behaviour of Pyrophyllite. Journal of European Ceramic Society, 23(8), 1277-1282.
- Uysal T., Mutlu H.S., Erdemoğlu M., 2016. Effects of Mechanical Activation of Colemanite (Ca2B6O11.5H2O) on its Thermal Transformations. International Journal of Mineral Processing 151, 51-58.
- Uysal, T., 2018. Asit Liç Yöntemi ile Pirofillit Cevherinden Alümina Üretiminde Aktifleştirme Koşullarının Araştırılması, Doktora Tezi, İnönü Üniversitesi.
- Warris C.J., McCormick, P. G., 1997. Mechanochemical Processing of Refractory Pyrite. Minerals Engineering, 10, 1119-1125.
- World Aluminium, http://www.world aluminium.org/ statistics/alumina-production. Son Erişim Tarihi: 11 Aralık 2018.
- Yao, Z.T., Xia, M.S., Sarker, P.K., Chen, T., 2014. A Review of the Alumina Recovery from Coal Fly Ash, with a Focus in China. Fuel, 120, 74-85.
There are 19 citations in total.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Journal Section | Research Article |
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | June 1, 2019 |
| Submission Date | December 13, 2018 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 58 Issue: 2 |
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