EVALUATION OF GRANITE WASTES AS ABRASIVE IN NATURAL STONE CUTTING WITH ABRASIVE WATERJET

Year 2019, Volume: 58 Issue: 3, 211 - 218, 01.09.2019

Gökhan Aydın , Serkan Kaya , İzzet Karakurt , Furkan Yıldırım

https://doi.org/10.30797/madencilik.620802

Abstract

Considerable amounts of wastes are generated as a result of the production and processing

operations in the natural stone sector. These wastes cause some environmental problems

(topography change, surface/underground water pollution, air/visual pollution and so on). In this

study, potential use of the granite wastes (coarse and fine size) as abrasive in natural stone cutting

with abrasive waterjet (AWJ) are investigated. The limestone samples used in the tests are cut

longitudinally. The cutting parameters are kept constant during the tests and the cutting depth is

considered for assessing the cutting performance. The study results show that granite wastes

meet the requirements as abrasive in terms of reaction with water, hardness, toughness and

shape. Besides, it is determined that a great majority (96% of waste slurry) of the fine materials

derived from the waste sludge doesn’t have required size for natural stone cutting with the AWJ.

Additionally, it is concluded that materials obtained from the coarse granite wastes by crushing,

grinding and sieving could be used as abrasive.

Keywords

Natural stones, Granite waste, Abrasive, Abrasive waterjet

AŞINDIRICILI SUJETİYLE DOĞALTAŞ KESMEDE GRANİT ATIKLARININ AŞINDIRICI OLARAK DEĞERLENDİRİLMESİ

Abstract

Doğaltaş sektöründeki üretim ve işleme faaliyetleri sonucunda kayda değer miktarlarda atık

oluşturulmaktadır. Bu atıklar, çeşitli çevresel problemlere (topografya değişikliği, yüzey/yeraltı

sularında bozulma, hava/görüntü kirliliği vb.) yol açmaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada, granit atıklarının (iri ve

ince boyutlu) aşındırıcılı sujeti ile (ASJ) doğaltaş kesmede aşındırıcı olarak kullanılabilme potansiyeli

araştırılmıştır. Kesme deneylerinde kullanılan kireçtaşı örnekleri uzunlukları boyunca kesilmişlerdir.

Kesme parametreleri deneyler süresince sabit değerlerde tutulmuş ve kesme performansının

değerlendirilmesinde kesme derinliği referans alınmıştır. Çalışma sonuçları granit atıklarının sudan

etkilenme, sertlik, dayanım, yoğunluk ve şekil açısından aşındırıcı olarak gereksinimleri karşıladığını

göstermiştir. Bunun yanında, atık çamurundan elde edilen malzemelerin büyük çoğunluğunun (atık

çamurunun %96’sı) ASJ ile doğaltaş kesimi için ihtiyaç duyulan boyutta olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

Ek olarak, parça granit atıklarından kırma, öğütme ve eleme işlemleriyle elde edilen malzemenin

aşındırıcı olarak kullanılabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.

Keywords

Doğaltaşlar, Granit atığı, Aşındırıcı, Aşındırıcılı sujeti

References

• Akbulut, H., Gürer, C., 2006. Atık Mermerlerin Asfalt Kaplamalarda Agrega Olarak Değerlendirilmesi. İMO Teknik Dergi, 3943-3960, Yazı 261.
• Akbulut, H., Gürer. C., 2007. Use of Aggregates Produced from Marble Quarry Waste in Asphalt Pavements. Building and Environment, 42, 1921-1930.
• Aruntaş, H.Y., Guru, M., Dayı, M., Tekin, I., 2010. Utilization of Waste Marble Dust as an Additive in Cement Production. Materials and Design, 31, 4039–4042.
• Aydın, G., Karakurt, İ., Aydıner, K., 2012. Performance of Abrasive Waterjet in Granite Cutting: Influence of the Textural Properties. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 24 (7), 944–949.
• Aydın, G., Karakurt, İ., Aydıner, K., 2013a. Prediction of Cut Depth of the Granitic Rocks Machined by Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ). Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. 46 (5), 1223-1235.
• Aydın, G., Karakurt, İ., Aydıner, K., 2013b. Wear Performance of Saw Blades in Processing of Granitic Rocks and Development of Models for Wear estimation. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 46 (6), 1559-157.
• Aydın, G., Karakurt, I., Aydıner, K., 2013c. Investigation of the Surface Roughness of Rocks Sawn by Diamond Sawblades. International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences, 61, 171-182.
• Aydın, G., Karakurt, İ., Aydıner, K., 2013d. Development of Predictive Models for Specific Energy of Circular Diamond Sawblades in Sawing of Granitic Rocks. Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 46 (4), 767-783.
• Aydın, G., 2014. Recycling of Abrasives in Abrasive Water Jet Cutting with Different Types of Granite. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7 (10), 4425–4435.
• Aydın, G., 2015. Performance of Recycling Abrasives in Rock Cutting by Abrasive Waterjet. Journal of Central South University, 22 (3), 1055-1061.
• Aydın, G., Karakurt, I., Hamzaçebi, C., 2014. Artificial Neural Network and Regression Models for Performance Prediction of Abrasive Waterjet in Rock Cutting. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 75, 1321-1330.
• Aydın G, Karakurt I, Hamzaçebi C, 2015. Performance Prediction of Diamond Sawblades using Artificial Neural Network and Regression Analysis. The Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 40, 2003-2012.
• Aydın, G., Kaya, S., Karakurt, I., 2017. Utilization of Solid-Cutting Waste of Granite as an Alternative Abrasive in Abrasive Waterjet Cutting of Marble. Journal of Cleaner Production, 159, 241-247.
• Azizoğlu, M.S., 2005. Çukurova Bölgesindeki Mermer Ocaklarının Pazar Durumu ve Ekonomik Açıdan Değerlendirilmesi. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Çukurova Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Adana, 114 s.
• Babu, M.K., Chetty, O.V.K., 2002. Studies on Recharging of Abrasives in Abrasive Water Jet Machining. International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 19, 697-703.
• Binici, H., Kaplan, H., Yilmaz, S., 2007. Influence of Marble and Limestone Dusts as Additives on Some Mechanical Properties of Concrete. Scientific Research and Essay, 2 (9), 372-379.
• Buyuksagıs, I.S., Uygunoglu, T., Tatar, E., 2017. Investigation on the Usage of Waste Marble Powder in Cement-Based Adhesive Mortar. Construction and Building Materials 154, 734-742.
• Büyüksağış, İ.S., Gürcan., S., 2005. ASTM ve TSE Doğal Taş Standartlarının Karşılaştırılması. Madencilik, 44 (1), 33-41.
• Celep, O., Aydın, G., Karakurt, İ., 2013. Diamond Recovery from Waste Sawblades: A Preliminary Investigation. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 227, 417-421.
• Çelik, M.Y., 2001. İscehisar (Afyon) Mermer Atıklarının Hayvan Yemi Katkı Maddesi Olarak Kullanılabilirliğinin Araştırılması. Türkiye III. Mermer Sempozyumu, 3-5 Mayıs 2001, Afyon, 309-316.
• Cobo-Ceacero, C.J.C., Cotes-Palomino, M.T., Martínez-García, C., Moreno-Maroto, J.M., Uceda- Rodríguez, M., 2018. Use of Marble Sludge Waste in the Manufacture of Eco-Friendly Materials: Applying the Principles of the Circular Economy. Erişim Tarihi 09 Ocak 2019 http://uest.ntua.gr/naxos2018/proceedings/ pdf/119_NAXOS2018_CoboCeacero_etal.pdf
• Çavuş, U.Ş., 2015. Mermer Parça Atıklarının Taşkın Koruma ve Akarsu Yatakları Islah Yapılarında Kullanımı. Afyon Kocatepe Üniversitesi Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, 15, 19-28
• Dhanapandian, S., Gnanavel, B., Ramkumar, T., 2009. Utilization of Granite and Marble Sawing Powder Wastes as Brick Materials. Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences, 4 (2), 147-160.
• Ersoy, M., 2010. Mermer Ocaklarında Delme Çatlatma Yönteminde Üretim Planlaması ve Hesap Çizelgesi Programında Uygulanması. TÜBAV Bilim Dergisi, 3 (1), 23-34.
• Fowler, G., Pashby, I.R., Shipway, P.H., 2009. The Effect of Particle Hardness and Shape when Abrasive Water Jet Milling Titanium Alloy Ti6Al4V. Wear, 266, 613-620.
• Ghannam, S., Najm, H., Vasconez, R., 2016. Experimental Study of Concrete made with Granite and Iron Powders as Partial Replacement of Sand. Sustainable Materials and Technologies, 9, 1-9.
• Görgün, B., Ural, N., 2015. Mermer Atığının Geoteknik Mühendisliğinde Kullanılması. II. International Sustainable Buildings Symposium, 28-30 May 2015, Ankara, Turkey, 219-132.
• Hebhoub, H., Aoun, H., Belachia, M., Houari, H., Ghorbel, E., 2011. Use of Waste Marble Aggregates in Concrete. Construction and Building Materials 25, 1167–1171.
• Hojamberdiev, M., Eminov, A., Xu, Y., 2011. Utilization of Muscovite Granite Waste in the Manufacture of Ceramic Tiles. Ceramics International, 37, 871–876.
• Karakurt, İ., Aydın, G., Aydıner, K., 2011. Analysis of the Kerf Angle of the Granite Machined by Abrasive Waterjet (AWJ). Indian Journal of Engineering & Materials Sciences, 18 (6), 435-442.
• Karakurt, İ., Aydın, G., Aydıner, K., 2012. A study on the Prediction of Kerf Angle in Abrasive Waterjet Machining of Rocks. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 226, 1489-1499.
• Karakurt İ, Aydın G, Aydıner K, 2013a. Predictive Modelling of Noise Level Generated during Sawing of Rocks by Circular Diamond Sawblades. Sadhana- Academy Proceedings in Engineering Science, 38 (3), 491-511.
• Karakurt İ, Aydın G, Aydıner K, 2013b. Experimental and Statistical Analysis of Cutting Force Acting on Diamond Sawblade in Sawing of Granitic Rocks. Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture, 227, 286- 300.
• Karakurt, İ., Aydın, G., Aydıner, K., 2014. An Investigation on the Kerf Width in Abrasive Waterjet Cutting of Granitic Rocks. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 7 (7), 2923-2932.
• Karakus, A., 2011. Investigating on Possible Use of Diyarbakir Basalt Waste in Stone Mastic Asphalt. Construction and Building Materials, 25, 3502-3507.
• Labus, T.J., Neusen, K.F., Alberts, D.G., Gores, T.J., 1991. Factors Influencing the Particle Size Distribution in an Abrasive Waterjet. Transactions of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Journal of Engineering for Industry 113, 402-411.
• Marras, G., Careddu, N., Siotto, G., 2010. Recovery and Reuse of Marble Powder by-Product. Global Stone Congress 2010, 2-5 March 2010, Alicante, Spain, 1-5.
• Marras, G., Bortolussi, A., Peretti, R., Careddu, N., 2017. Charecterization Methodology for Re-Using Marble Slurry in Industrial Applications. Energy Procedia, 125, 656-665
• Menezes, R.R., Ferreira, H.S., Neves, G.A., Ferreira, H.C., 2008. Use of Granite Sawing Waste in the Production of Ceramic Bricks and Tiles. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 25 (7), 1149-1158.
• Rapple, R.R., 2014. Selecting the Right Waterjet Abrasive. The Fabricator. Erişim Tarihi 07 Ekim 2016 http://www.thefabricator.com/article/waterjetcutting/ selecting-the-right-waterjetabrasive
• Sadek, D.M., El-Attar, M.M., Ali, H.A., 2016. Reusing of Marble and Granite Powders in Self-Compacting Concrete for Sustainable Development. Journal of Cleaner Production, 121, 19-32.
• Sarici, D.E., Ozdemir, E., 2018. Utilization of Granite Waste as Alternative Abrasive Material in Marble Grinding Processes. Journal of Cleaner Production, 201, 516-525.
• Singh, S., Khan, S., Khandelwal, R., Chugh, A., Nagar, R., 2016. Performance of Sustainable Concrete Containing Granite Cutting Waste. Journal of Cleaner Production, 119, 86–98.
• Soltan, A.M.M., Kahl, W., El-Raoof, F.A., Abdel-Hamid, B., 2016. Lightweight Aggregates from Mixtures of Granite Wastes with Clay. Journal of Cleaner Production, 117, 139–149.
• Şentürk, A., Gündüz, L., Tosun, Y.İ., Sarıışık, A., 1996. Mermer Teknolojisi. Tuğra Offset, Isparta, 242 s.
• Torres, P., Fernandes, H.R., Olhero, S., Ferreira, J.M.F., Torres, P., Fernandes, H.R., Olhero, S., Ferreira, J.M.F., 2009. Incorporation of Wastes from Granite Rock Cutting and Polishing Industries to Produce Roof Tiles. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 29, 23–30.
• Tozsin, G., Oztas, T., Arol, A.I., Kalkan, E., Duyar, O., 2014. The Effects of Marble Wastes on Soil Properties and Hazelnut Yield. Journal of Cleaner Production, 81, 146-149.
• Ural, N., Yakşe, G., 2015. Atık Mermer Parçalarının Yol Temel Malzemesi olarak Değerlendirilmesi. Bilecik Şeyh Edebali Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 2 (2), 53-62.
• Vijayalakshmi, M., Sekar, A.S.S., Sivabharathy, M., Ganesh Prabhu, G., 2012. Utilization of Granite Powder Waste in Concrete Production. Defect and Diffusion Forum, 330, 49–61.
• Yıldız, A.H., 2008. Mermer Toz Atıklarının Yol İnşaatında Değerlendirilmesi. Doktora Tezi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi, Isparta, 194 s.