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Explosive Welding Of Metals

Year 2012, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 11 - 34, 14.05.2012

Orhan Gülcan

Abstract

Explosive welding is a solid-state process in which dissimilar (sometimes similar) materials are bond together via the detonation of an explosive. The energy from explosion is used to “cold” weld a flyer plate to base plate. The unique feature of this process about welding dissimilar very large parts that cannot be weld with conventional fusion welding processes in a single operation with admissible quality makes it indispensible in modern production industry. This paper reviews the technological developments in explosive welding and gives the possible future implementation of this process.

Keywords

welding; dissimilar metals; bonding zone; explosion

References

  • Blatter, A. ve Peguiron, D.A. (1998). Explosive joining of precious metals. Gold Bulletin, 31(3), 93-98.
  • Fındık, F. (2011). Recent developments in explosive welding. Materials and Design, 32, 1081–1093.
  • Young, G. (2004). Explosion Welding, Technical Growth and Commercial History. Dynamic Materials Corporation. http://www.dynamicmaterials.com/data/brochures/1- %20Young%20Paper%20on%20EXW%20History.pdf, (January 2012).
  • Fan, Y., Tysoe, B., Sim, J., Mirkhani, K., Sinclair, A.N., Honarvar, F., Sildva, H., Szecket, A. ve Hardwick, R. (2003). Nondestructive evaluation of explosively welded clad rods by resonance acoustic spectroscopy. Ultrasonics, 41(5), 369–375.
  • Kahraman, N., Gülenç, B. ve Fındık, F. (2005). Joining of titanium/stainless steel by explosive welding and effect on interface. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 169, 127–133.
  • Durgutlu, A., Gülenç, B. ve Findik, F. (2005). Examination of copper/stainless steel joints formed by explosive welding. Materials and Design, 26, 497–507.
  • Cole, R. H. (1948). Underwater Explosions, Princeton University Press, Oxford, s. 3-147.
  • Acarer, M. ve Gülenç, B. (2003). Cladding of high Mn steel on low C steel by explosive welding. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 27, 431–434.
  • Mousavi, S.A.A., Barrett, L.M. ve Al-Hassanib, S.T.S. (2008). Explosive welding of metal plates. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 202, 224–239.
  • Banker, J. ve Reineke, E. (1993). Explosion Welding. ASM Handbook, Welding Brazing and Soldering, 6, 303-305.
  • Kahraman, N. ve Gülenç, B. (2005). Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu– Ti plates bonded through explosive welding process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 169, 67–71.
  • Nobelclad, A. N., Masri, T. ve Lafont, M. C. (1999). Recent Developments in Characterization of a Titanium-Steel Bond Interface. Proceedings of Reactive Metals in Corrosive Applications Conference, Wah Chang, s. 89-98.
  • Lysak, V.I. ve Kuzmin, S.V. (2012). Lower boundary in metal explosive welding. Evolution of ideas. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212, 150–156.
  • Manikandan, P., Hokamoto, K., Fujita, M., Raghukandan, K. Ve Tomoshige, R. (2008). Control of energetic conditions by employing interlayer of different thickness for explosive welding of titanium/304 stainless steel. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 195, 232–240.
  • Berdychenko, A.A., Zlobin, B.S., Pervukhin, L.B. ve Shtertser, A.A. (2003). Possible ignition of particles ejected into the gap in explosive welding of titanium. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 39(2), 232-239.
  • Gupta, R. C. ve Kainth, G. S. (1990). Swinging wake mechanism for interface wave generation in explosive welding of metals. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 57, 514-521.
  • Ghomi, M.T. (2009). Impact wave process modeling and optimization in high energy rate explosive welding. Licentiate Theses, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden, s. 17-29.
  • Hokamoto, K., Shimokawa, H. ve Okugawa, H. (1999). A new method for explosive welding of Al/ZrO2 joint using regulated underwater shock wave. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 85, 175–179.
  • Chizari, M., Al-Hassani, S.T.S. ve Barrett, L.M. (2009). Effect of flyer shape on the bonding criteria in impact welding of plates. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209, 445–454.
  • Kahraman, N., Gülenç, B. ve Fındık, F. (2007). Corrosion and mechanical- microstructural aspects of dissimilar joints of Ti–6Al–4V and Al plates. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 34, 1423–1432.
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  • Bruno, E. J. (1968). High-Velocity Forming of Metals. American Society of Tool and Manufacturing Engineers, Michigan University, s. 3-153.
  • Blazynski, T. Z. (1990). Simulation of explosive welding parameters by means of a liquid analogue. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, 21, 16-27.
  • Chemin, C. ve Qingming, T. (1989). Mechanism of wave formation at the interface in explosive welding. Acta Mechanica Sinica, 5(2), 97-108.
  • Balasubramanian, V., Rathinasabapathi, M. ve Raghukandan, K. (1997). Modelling of process parameters in explosive cladding of mildsteel and aluminium. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 63, 83–88.
  • Raghukandan, K., Rathinasabapathi, M. ve Vaidyanathan, P.V. (1998). Modelling of process parameters in dynamic form-cladding. Metals and Materials, 4(5), 1057-1061.
  • Raghukandan, K. (2003). Analysis of the explosive cladding of cu–low carbon steel plates. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 139, 573–577.
  • Yan, H. H., Qu, Y. D. ve Li, X. J. (2008). Explosive welding of multilayer amorphous ribbons. Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves, 44(4), 491–496.
  • Yan, H.H. ve Li, X.J. (2008). Strain rate distribution near welding interface for different collision angles in explosive welding. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 35, 3–9.
  • Qu, Y.D. (2011). Temperature distribution across the explosive welding interface. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 47(1), 123–127.
  • Abe, A. (1999). Numerical simulation of the plastic flow field near the bonding surface of explosive welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 85, 162–165.
  • Mousavi, A.A.A., Burle, S.J., Al-Hassani, S. T. S. ve Brown, W.B. (2004). Simulation of explosive welding with ANFO mixtures. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 29(3), 188-196.
  • Mousavi, A. A. , Burley, S.J. ve Al-Hassani, S.T.S. (2005). Simulation of explosive welding using the Williamsburg equation of state to model low detonation velocity explosives. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 31, 719–734.
  • Mousavi, A. A. ve Al-Hassani, S.T.S. (2005). Numerical and experimental studies of the mechanism of the wavy interface formations in explosive/impact welding. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 53, 2501–2528.
  • Mousavi, A. A. ve Al-Hassani, S.T.S. (2008). Finite element simulation of explosively-driven plate impact with application to explosive welding. Materials and Design, 29, 1–19.
  • Chizari, M. ve Barrett, L.M. (2009). Single and double plate impact welding: Experimental and numerical simulation. Computational Materials Science, 46, 828–833.
  • Wang, Y., Beom, H.G., Sun, M. ve Lin, S. (2011). Numerical simulation of explosive welding using the material point method. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 38, 51-60.
  • Gulbin, V.N., Kobelev, A.G. ve Borissov, D.E. (1997). Thermobimetals mechanical properties produced by explosive welding with Rolling. Journal De Physique IV France, 7, 49-54.
  • Buchar, J., Rolc, S. ve Hruby, V. (1999). On the explosive welding of a ring to the axisymmetric body. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 85, 171–174.
  • Gerland, M., Presles, H.N., Guin, J.P. ve Berteau, D. (2000). Explosive cladding of a thin Ni-film to an aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A, 280, 311–319.
  • Elmer, J. W., Terrill P., Brasher, D. ve Butler, D. (2002). Joining depleted uranium to high-strength aluminum using an explosively clad niobium interlayer. Welding Journal, 81(8), 167-173.
  • Kosec, B., Kosec, L., Petrovic, S., Gontarev, V., Kosec, G., Gojic, M. ve Skraba, P. (2003). Analysis of low carbon steel/tantalum interface after explosive welding. Metalurgija, 42(3), 147-151.
  • Han, J.H., Ahn, J.P. ve Shin, M.C. (2003). Effect of interlayer thickness on shear deformation behavior of AA5083 aluminum alloy/SS41 steel plates manufactured by explosive welding. Journal of Material Sciences, 38, 13–18.
  • Acarer, M., Gülenç, B. ve Findik, F. (2003). Investigation of explosive welding parameters and their effects on microhardness and shear strength. Materials and Design, 24, 659–664.
  • Kaçar, R. ve Acarer, M. (2003). Microstructure–property relationship in explosively welded duplex stainless steel–steel. Materials Science and Engineering A, 363, 290–296.
  • Mudali, U.K., Rao, B.M.A., Shanmugam, K., Natarajan, R. ve Raj, B. (2003). Corrosion and microstructural aspects of dissimilar joints of titanium and type 304L stainless steel. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 321, 40–48.
  • Acarer, M., Gülenç, B. ve Findik, F. (2004). The influence of some factors on steel/steel bonding quality on there characteristics of explosive welding joints. Journal of Material Sciences, 39, 6457–6466.
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Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması

Year 2012, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 11 - 34, 14.05.2012

Orhan Gülcan

Abstract

Patlayıcı yardımı ile kaynak, bir patlayıcının patlamasıyla farklı malzemelerin (bazen aynı malzemelerin) birleştirilmesinde kullanılan bir katı hal prosesidir. Patlama neticesinde açığa çıkan enerji, uçucu plakanın ana plakaya “soğuk” kaynatılmasında kullanılır. Geleneksel kaynak yöntemleri ile birleştirilmeleri mümkün olmayan çok büyük parçaların tek seferde ve kabul edilebilir kalitede kaynatılması bu teknolojiyi modern üretim yöntemleri arasında vazgeçilmez kılmaktadır. Bu çalışmada patlayıcı yardımı ile kaynak teknolojisindeki teknolojik gelişmeler açıklanacak ve muhtemel ileriki uygulamalardan bahsedilecektir.

Keywords

kaynak; farklı malzemeler; kaynak yüzeyi; patlama

References

  • Blatter, A. ve Peguiron, D.A. (1998). Explosive joining of precious metals. Gold Bulletin, 31(3), 93-98.
  • Fındık, F. (2011). Recent developments in explosive welding. Materials and Design, 32, 1081–1093.
  • Young, G. (2004). Explosion Welding, Technical Growth and Commercial History. Dynamic Materials Corporation. http://www.dynamicmaterials.com/data/brochures/1- %20Young%20Paper%20on%20EXW%20History.pdf, (January 2012).
  • Fan, Y., Tysoe, B., Sim, J., Mirkhani, K., Sinclair, A.N., Honarvar, F., Sildva, H., Szecket, A. ve Hardwick, R. (2003). Nondestructive evaluation of explosively welded clad rods by resonance acoustic spectroscopy. Ultrasonics, 41(5), 369–375.
  • Kahraman, N., Gülenç, B. ve Fındık, F. (2005). Joining of titanium/stainless steel by explosive welding and effect on interface. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 169, 127–133.
  • Durgutlu, A., Gülenç, B. ve Findik, F. (2005). Examination of copper/stainless steel joints formed by explosive welding. Materials and Design, 26, 497–507.
  • Cole, R. H. (1948). Underwater Explosions, Princeton University Press, Oxford, s. 3-147.
  • Acarer, M. ve Gülenç, B. (2003). Cladding of high Mn steel on low C steel by explosive welding. Turkish Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences, 27, 431–434.
  • Mousavi, S.A.A., Barrett, L.M. ve Al-Hassanib, S.T.S. (2008). Explosive welding of metal plates. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 202, 224–239.
  • Banker, J. ve Reineke, E. (1993). Explosion Welding. ASM Handbook, Welding Brazing and Soldering, 6, 303-305.
  • Kahraman, N. ve Gülenç, B. (2005). Microstructural and mechanical properties of Cu– Ti plates bonded through explosive welding process. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 169, 67–71.
  • Nobelclad, A. N., Masri, T. ve Lafont, M. C. (1999). Recent Developments in Characterization of a Titanium-Steel Bond Interface. Proceedings of Reactive Metals in Corrosive Applications Conference, Wah Chang, s. 89-98.
  • Lysak, V.I. ve Kuzmin, S.V. (2012). Lower boundary in metal explosive welding. Evolution of ideas. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212, 150–156.
  • Manikandan, P., Hokamoto, K., Fujita, M., Raghukandan, K. Ve Tomoshige, R. (2008). Control of energetic conditions by employing interlayer of different thickness for explosive welding of titanium/304 stainless steel. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 195, 232–240.
  • Berdychenko, A.A., Zlobin, B.S., Pervukhin, L.B. ve Shtertser, A.A. (2003). Possible ignition of particles ejected into the gap in explosive welding of titanium. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 39(2), 232-239.
  • Gupta, R. C. ve Kainth, G. S. (1990). Swinging wake mechanism for interface wave generation in explosive welding of metals. Journal of Applied Mechanics, 57, 514-521.
  • Ghomi, M.T. (2009). Impact wave process modeling and optimization in high energy rate explosive welding. Licentiate Theses, School of Sustainable Development of Society and Technology, Mälardalen University, Västerås, Sweden, s. 17-29.
  • Hokamoto, K., Shimokawa, H. ve Okugawa, H. (1999). A new method for explosive welding of Al/ZrO2 joint using regulated underwater shock wave. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 85, 175–179.
  • Chizari, M., Al-Hassani, S.T.S. ve Barrett, L.M. (2009). Effect of flyer shape on the bonding criteria in impact welding of plates. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 209, 445–454.
  • Kahraman, N., Gülenç, B. ve Fındık, F. (2007). Corrosion and mechanical- microstructural aspects of dissimilar joints of Ti–6Al–4V and Al plates. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 34, 1423–1432.
  • Rinehart, J. S. ve Pearson, J. (1963). Explosive Working of Metals. Pergamon Press, Oxford, s. 3-341.
  • Andreevskikh, L.A., Dendenkov, Y.P., Drennov, O.B., Mikhailov, A.L., Titova, N.N. ve Deribas, A.A. (2011). Explosive mixture for explosive welding of thin foils. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 36(1), 48-50.
  • Andreevskikh, L.A., Dendenkov, Y.P., Drennov, O.B., Mikhailov, A.L., Titova, N.N. ve Deribas, A.A. (2011). Explosive mixture for explosive welding of thin foils-part 2. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 36(5), 430-432.
  • Bruno, E. J. (1968). High-Velocity Forming of Metals. American Society of Tool and Manufacturing Engineers, Michigan University, s. 3-153.
  • Blazynski, T. Z. (1990). Simulation of explosive welding parameters by means of a liquid analogue. Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik, 21, 16-27.
  • Chemin, C. ve Qingming, T. (1989). Mechanism of wave formation at the interface in explosive welding. Acta Mechanica Sinica, 5(2), 97-108.
  • Balasubramanian, V., Rathinasabapathi, M. ve Raghukandan, K. (1997). Modelling of process parameters in explosive cladding of mildsteel and aluminium. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 63, 83–88.
  • Raghukandan, K., Rathinasabapathi, M. ve Vaidyanathan, P.V. (1998). Modelling of process parameters in dynamic form-cladding. Metals and Materials, 4(5), 1057-1061.
  • Raghukandan, K. (2003). Analysis of the explosive cladding of cu–low carbon steel plates. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 139, 573–577.
  • Yan, H. H., Qu, Y. D. ve Li, X. J. (2008). Explosive welding of multilayer amorphous ribbons. Combustion, Explosion and Shock Waves, 44(4), 491–496.
  • Yan, H.H. ve Li, X.J. (2008). Strain rate distribution near welding interface for different collision angles in explosive welding. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 35, 3–9.
  • Qu, Y.D. (2011). Temperature distribution across the explosive welding interface. Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves, 47(1), 123–127.
  • Abe, A. (1999). Numerical simulation of the plastic flow field near the bonding surface of explosive welding, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 85, 162–165.
  • Mousavi, A.A.A., Burle, S.J., Al-Hassani, S. T. S. ve Brown, W.B. (2004). Simulation of explosive welding with ANFO mixtures. Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics, 29(3), 188-196.
  • Mousavi, A. A. , Burley, S.J. ve Al-Hassani, S.T.S. (2005). Simulation of explosive welding using the Williamsburg equation of state to model low detonation velocity explosives. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 31, 719–734.
  • Mousavi, A. A. ve Al-Hassani, S.T.S. (2005). Numerical and experimental studies of the mechanism of the wavy interface formations in explosive/impact welding. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 53, 2501–2528.
  • Mousavi, A. A. ve Al-Hassani, S.T.S. (2008). Finite element simulation of explosively-driven plate impact with application to explosive welding. Materials and Design, 29, 1–19.
  • Chizari, M. ve Barrett, L.M. (2009). Single and double plate impact welding: Experimental and numerical simulation. Computational Materials Science, 46, 828–833.
  • Wang, Y., Beom, H.G., Sun, M. ve Lin, S. (2011). Numerical simulation of explosive welding using the material point method. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 38, 51-60.
  • Gulbin, V.N., Kobelev, A.G. ve Borissov, D.E. (1997). Thermobimetals mechanical properties produced by explosive welding with Rolling. Journal De Physique IV France, 7, 49-54.
  • Buchar, J., Rolc, S. ve Hruby, V. (1999). On the explosive welding of a ring to the axisymmetric body. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 85, 171–174.
  • Gerland, M., Presles, H.N., Guin, J.P. ve Berteau, D. (2000). Explosive cladding of a thin Ni-film to an aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering A, 280, 311–319.
  • Elmer, J. W., Terrill P., Brasher, D. ve Butler, D. (2002). Joining depleted uranium to high-strength aluminum using an explosively clad niobium interlayer. Welding Journal, 81(8), 167-173.
  • Kosec, B., Kosec, L., Petrovic, S., Gontarev, V., Kosec, G., Gojic, M. ve Skraba, P. (2003). Analysis of low carbon steel/tantalum interface after explosive welding. Metalurgija, 42(3), 147-151.
  • Han, J.H., Ahn, J.P. ve Shin, M.C. (2003). Effect of interlayer thickness on shear deformation behavior of AA5083 aluminum alloy/SS41 steel plates manufactured by explosive welding. Journal of Material Sciences, 38, 13–18.
  • Acarer, M., Gülenç, B. ve Findik, F. (2003). Investigation of explosive welding parameters and their effects on microhardness and shear strength. Materials and Design, 24, 659–664.
  • Kaçar, R. ve Acarer, M. (2003). Microstructure–property relationship in explosively welded duplex stainless steel–steel. Materials Science and Engineering A, 363, 290–296.
  • Mudali, U.K., Rao, B.M.A., Shanmugam, K., Natarajan, R. ve Raj, B. (2003). Corrosion and microstructural aspects of dissimilar joints of titanium and type 304L stainless steel. Journal of Nuclear Materials, 321, 40–48.
  • Acarer, M., Gülenç, B. ve Findik, F. (2004). The influence of some factors on steel/steel bonding quality on there characteristics of explosive welding joints. Journal of Material Sciences, 39, 6457–6466.
  • Grignon, F., Benson, D., Vecchio, K.S. ve Meyers, M.A. (2004). Explosive welding of aluminum to aluminum:analysis, computations and experiments. International Journal of Impact Engineering, 30, 1333–1351.
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There are 79 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Orhan Gülcan

Publication Date May 14, 2012
Published in Issue Year 2012 Volume: 24 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Gülcan, O. (2012). Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, 24(1), 11-34. https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.v24i1.142
AMA Gülcan O. Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması. MAJPAS. May 2012;24(1):11-34. doi:10.7240/mufbed.v24i1.142
Chicago Gülcan, Orhan. “Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması”. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 24, no. 1 (May 2012): 11-34. https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.v24i1.142.
EndNote Gülcan O (May 1, 2012) Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 24 1 11–34.
IEEE O. Gülcan, “Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması”, MAJPAS, vol. 24, no. 1, pp. 11–34, 2012, doi: 10.7240/mufbed.v24i1.142.
ISNAD Gülcan, Orhan. “Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması”. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 24/1 (May 2012), 11-34. https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.v24i1.142.
JAMA Gülcan O. Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması. MAJPAS. 2012;24:11–34.
MLA Gülcan, Orhan. “Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması”. Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi, vol. 24, no. 1, 2012, pp. 11-34, doi:10.7240/mufbed.v24i1.142.
Vancouver Gülcan O. Metallerin Patlayıcı Yardımı İle Kaynatılması. MAJPAS. 2012;24(1):11-34.

Marmara Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences

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