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TARİHSEL GÖRELİLİK YÖNTEMİ İLE KÜLTÜREL KURUMLAR VE EKONOMİ İLİŞKİSİNİ ANLAMAK: ALMAN TARİHÇİ OKULU

Year 2022, , 613 - 637, 26.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.14783/maruoneri.885340

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, ekonomi alanındaki çağdaşlarından oldukça farklı bir anlayış sergileyen Alman Tarihçi Okulun (ATO) iktisadi görüşlerini temellendirirken kullandıkları yöntem sayesinde ulaştıkları iktisadi bakış açısını irdelemektir. Tarihçi gelenek, ekonomik gelişimin temel dayanağı olarak kültürel kurumları görmektedir. Heterodoks Okullar arasında yer alan Okul, tarih araştırmaları ile değişen toplumsal yapı ve ekonomik gelişim süreçleri arasındaki bağlantıya ışık tutmaktadır. Yerleşik iktisat anlayışındaki evrensel bilgi ve meta anlatı gibi kabuller yerine ülkeden ülkeye değişebilecek öznel durumlara ve bunların yol açacağı farklı ekonomik ilerleme paternlerine vurgu yapar. Okulun yöntemi ve söyleminin önemi, Almanya’nın tarihsel koşullarında ve o dönemde gerçekleşen ekonomik gelişim sürecinde aranır. Bu nedenle çalışmada tarihsel görelilik yöntemi aracılığıyla, Okulun ortaya çıktığı dönem Almanya’nın içerisinde bulunduğu toplumsal, idari ve ekonomik koşullar araştırılır. Dönemin düşün insanlarının ve Okul temsilcilerinin özellikle ekonomik gelişim süreçleri ve bunun nedenlerine dair görüşleri, ikincil kaynaklardan aktarılır. Böylece içerisinde bulunulan koşulların güdülediği toplumsal değerler ve düşünce sistemindeki değişimlerin, ekonomik gelişimdeki payı anlaşılmak istenir. Almanya tarihindeki olaylar ve Alman Tarihçi Okulu’nun görüşleri, her kültürün kendi kendini beslediğini ve bu kültürel kurumların evrimini izleyerek ekonomik gelişmenin anlaşılmasının mümkün olacağını ifade eder.

References

  • Ashley, W. J. (1895). The Historical School, a Retrospect. Publications of the American Economic Association, Vol. 10, No. 3, Supplement, Handbook of the American Economic Association 1895. Together with Report of the Seventh Annual Meeting, s. 117-118.
  • Chang Ha-J. (2002). Kicking Away the Ladder: How the Economic and Intellectual Histories of Capitalism Have Been Re-Written to Justify Neo-Liberal Capitalism,Post-autistic Economics Review, Issue no. 15, 1 September 2002
  • Çöloğlu, H. (1987). İktisadi Sistemler Sistem- Doktrin- Eleştiri, Gazi Üniversitesi İİBF Yayınları: Ankara.
  • Dorfman, J. (1955). The Role of the German Historical School in American Economic Thought. The American Economic Review, Vol. 45, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Sixty-seventh Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association (May, 1955), pp. 17-28
  • Ersoy, A. (2008). İktisadi Teoriler ve Düşünceler Tarihi, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım: Ankara.
  • Fourcade-Gourinchas, M. (2001). Politics, Institutional Structures, and the Rise of Economics: A Comparative Study.Theory and Society, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 397-447
  • Fulbrook, M. (2017). Almanya’nın Kısa Tarihi. Çev. Gürses, Sabri. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, İstanbul.
  • Grimmer-Solem, E. & Romanı, R. (1999). In Search of Full Empirical Reality: Historical Political Economy, 1870-1900. The European Journal of the History of Economi Thought, 6:3, s. 333-364.
  • Harris, A. L. (1942). Sombart and German (National) Socialism. The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 50, No, 6, s. 805- 835.
  • Heinrich Nau, H. (2000). Gustav Schmoller’s Historico–Ethical Political Economy: ethics, politics and economics in the younger German Historical School, 1860-1917. European Journal History of Economic Thought, 7:4, s. 507–531.
  • Ikeda, Y. (2008). The German Historical School: Toward the Integration of the Social Sciences.The History of Economic Thought, Vol. 50, No. 1. 79-95.
  • Kahn, J. S. (1990). Towards a History of the Critique of Economism: The Nineteenth-Century German Origins of the Ethnographer's Dilemma. Man, New Series, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 230-249
  • Kazgan, G. (1997). İktisadi Düşünce veya Politik İktisadın Evrimi, Remzi Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Koslowski, P. (1997). Economics as Ethical Economy in the Tradition of the Historical School.Introduction. Eds.Koslowski, P.,The Theory of Ethical Economy in the Historical School: Wilhelm Roscher, Lorenz von Stein, Gustav Schmoller, Wilhelm Dilthey and Contemporary Theory. Springer: Germany., pp. 1-14.
  • Mardellat, P. (2009). Max Weber’s critical response to theoretical economics, Euro. J. History of Economic Thought 16:4 599–624.
  • Michaelides, P. G. & Milios, J. G. (2009). Joseph Schumpeter and the German Historical School. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 33, s. 495-516.
  • Milonakis, D. & Fine, B. (2009). From Political Economy to Economics Method, The Social and The Historical in The Evolution Of Economic Theory, Routledge, London and New York.
  • Oliver, I. (1983). The 'Old' and the 'New' Hermeneutic in Sociological Theory. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 34, No. 4, 1983, s. 519-553.
  • Polanyı, K. (2009). Büyük Dönüşüm Çağımızın Siyasal ve Ekonomik Kökenleri, çev. Ayşe Buğra, İletişim Yayıncılık: İstanbul.
  • Porter, T. M. (1986). The rise of statistical thinking, 1820-1900. Princeton University Press: USA.
  • Roberts,M. (2016). Dünya Tarihi 18. Yüzyıl ve Sonrası 2. Cilt, Çev. Erman, İ. Ve Akgün, T. İnkılap Kitabevi: İstanbul.
  • Rutherford, M. (2001). Institutional Economics: Then and Now. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 173-194
  • Savaş, V. F.(1998). İktisatın Tarihi, Avcıol Basım Yayın: İstanbul.
  • Sheptun, A. (2005). The German Historical School and Russian Economic Thought. Journal of Economic Studies, Vol. 32 Iss 4 pp. 349 - 374
  • Selik, M. (1988). 100 Soruda İktisadi Doktrinler Tarihi, Gerçek Yayınevi: İstanbul.
  • Shionoya, Y. (2001). Introduction. eds. Shionoya, Y., The German Historical School The Historical and Ethical Approach to Economics, Routledge Studies in the History of Economics, London and New York. pp. 1-6.
  • Shionoya, Y. (2005). Rational Reconstruction of The German Historical School: An Overview. Eds. Shionoya, Y., The Soul of the German Historical School (Methodological Essays on Schmoller, Weber and Schumpeter) vol 2. Springer: Boston. pp.1-11.
  • Shionoya, Y. (2005). A Methodological Appraisal of Schmoller’s Research Program. Eds. Shionoya, Y., The Soul of the German Historical School (Methodological Essays on Schmoller, Weber and Schumpeter) vol 2. Springer: Boston. pp.13-28.
  • Tilly, C. (2001). Zor, Sermaye ve Avrupa Devletlerinin Oluşumu. Çev. Emiroğlu, K., İmge Yayınları: Ankara.
  • Ulutan, B. (1978) İktisadi Doktrinler Tarihi, Ötüken Neşriyat A.Ş.: İstanbul.
  • Yalçın, A. (1983). İktisadi Doktrinler ve Sistemler Tarihi, Ankara Üniversitesi Basın ve Yayın Yüksek Okulu Basımevi: Ankara.
  • Zarakolu, A. (1981). İktisadi Düşünceler Tarihi, Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Yayınları: Ankara.

UNDERSTANDING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CULTURAL INSTITUTIONS AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT WITH THE METHOD OF HISTORICAL RELATIVITY: THE GERMAN HISTORICAL SCHOOL

Year 2022, , 613 - 637, 26.07.2022
https://doi.org/10.14783/maruoneri.885340

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the economic perspective they reached by using the method they used in grounding the economic views of the German Historical School (ATO), which has a very different understanding from its contemporaries in the field of economics. The historical tradition sees cultural institutions as the foundation of economic development. The School, which is among the heterodox schools of economics, sheds light on the connection between the changing social structure and economic development processes with its historical studies. It emphasizes the subjective situations that can change from country to country and the different economic progress patterns that these will lead to, instead of the assumptions such as “logical universal knowledge” and “metatheory” in the orthodox economics approach. The importance of the method and discourse of the school is sought in the historical conditions and in the economic development process of Germany that took place at that time. For this reason, in the study, the social, administrative and economic conditions in Germany at the time the School emerged are investigated through the method of historical relativity. The opinions of thinkers and School representatives of the period, especially about the economic development processes and the reasons for this, are transferred from secondary sources. Thus, it is desired to understand the share of the changes in the social values and thought system motivated by the conditions of that period in economic development. The events in the history of Germany and the views of the German Historical School state that each culture feeds on itself and it is possible to understand economic development by following the evolution of these cultural institutions.

References

  • Ashley, W. J. (1895). The Historical School, a Retrospect. Publications of the American Economic Association, Vol. 10, No. 3, Supplement, Handbook of the American Economic Association 1895. Together with Report of the Seventh Annual Meeting, s. 117-118.
  • Chang Ha-J. (2002). Kicking Away the Ladder: How the Economic and Intellectual Histories of Capitalism Have Been Re-Written to Justify Neo-Liberal Capitalism,Post-autistic Economics Review, Issue no. 15, 1 September 2002
  • Çöloğlu, H. (1987). İktisadi Sistemler Sistem- Doktrin- Eleştiri, Gazi Üniversitesi İİBF Yayınları: Ankara.
  • Dorfman, J. (1955). The Role of the German Historical School in American Economic Thought. The American Economic Review, Vol. 45, No. 2, Papers and Proceedings of the Sixty-seventh Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association (May, 1955), pp. 17-28
  • Ersoy, A. (2008). İktisadi Teoriler ve Düşünceler Tarihi, Nobel Yayın Dağıtım: Ankara.
  • Fourcade-Gourinchas, M. (2001). Politics, Institutional Structures, and the Rise of Economics: A Comparative Study.Theory and Society, Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 397-447
  • Fulbrook, M. (2017). Almanya’nın Kısa Tarihi. Çev. Gürses, Sabri. Boğaziçi Üniversitesi Yayınevi, İstanbul.
  • Grimmer-Solem, E. & Romanı, R. (1999). In Search of Full Empirical Reality: Historical Political Economy, 1870-1900. The European Journal of the History of Economi Thought, 6:3, s. 333-364.
  • Harris, A. L. (1942). Sombart and German (National) Socialism. The Journal of Political Economy, Vol. 50, No, 6, s. 805- 835.
  • Heinrich Nau, H. (2000). Gustav Schmoller’s Historico–Ethical Political Economy: ethics, politics and economics in the younger German Historical School, 1860-1917. European Journal History of Economic Thought, 7:4, s. 507–531.
  • Ikeda, Y. (2008). The German Historical School: Toward the Integration of the Social Sciences.The History of Economic Thought, Vol. 50, No. 1. 79-95.
  • Kahn, J. S. (1990). Towards a History of the Critique of Economism: The Nineteenth-Century German Origins of the Ethnographer's Dilemma. Man, New Series, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 230-249
  • Kazgan, G. (1997). İktisadi Düşünce veya Politik İktisadın Evrimi, Remzi Kitabevi, İstanbul.
  • Koslowski, P. (1997). Economics as Ethical Economy in the Tradition of the Historical School.Introduction. Eds.Koslowski, P.,The Theory of Ethical Economy in the Historical School: Wilhelm Roscher, Lorenz von Stein, Gustav Schmoller, Wilhelm Dilthey and Contemporary Theory. Springer: Germany., pp. 1-14.
  • Mardellat, P. (2009). Max Weber’s critical response to theoretical economics, Euro. J. History of Economic Thought 16:4 599–624.
  • Michaelides, P. G. & Milios, J. G. (2009). Joseph Schumpeter and the German Historical School. Cambridge Journal of Economics, 33, s. 495-516.
  • Milonakis, D. & Fine, B. (2009). From Political Economy to Economics Method, The Social and The Historical in The Evolution Of Economic Theory, Routledge, London and New York.
  • Oliver, I. (1983). The 'Old' and the 'New' Hermeneutic in Sociological Theory. The British Journal of Sociology, Vol. 34, No. 4, 1983, s. 519-553.
  • Polanyı, K. (2009). Büyük Dönüşüm Çağımızın Siyasal ve Ekonomik Kökenleri, çev. Ayşe Buğra, İletişim Yayıncılık: İstanbul.
  • Porter, T. M. (1986). The rise of statistical thinking, 1820-1900. Princeton University Press: USA.
  • Roberts,M. (2016). Dünya Tarihi 18. Yüzyıl ve Sonrası 2. Cilt, Çev. Erman, İ. Ve Akgün, T. İnkılap Kitabevi: İstanbul.
  • Rutherford, M. (2001). Institutional Economics: Then and Now. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 173-194
  • Savaş, V. F.(1998). İktisatın Tarihi, Avcıol Basım Yayın: İstanbul.
  • Sheptun, A. (2005). The German Historical School and Russian Economic Thought. Journal of Economic Studies, Vol. 32 Iss 4 pp. 349 - 374
  • Selik, M. (1988). 100 Soruda İktisadi Doktrinler Tarihi, Gerçek Yayınevi: İstanbul.
  • Shionoya, Y. (2001). Introduction. eds. Shionoya, Y., The German Historical School The Historical and Ethical Approach to Economics, Routledge Studies in the History of Economics, London and New York. pp. 1-6.
  • Shionoya, Y. (2005). Rational Reconstruction of The German Historical School: An Overview. Eds. Shionoya, Y., The Soul of the German Historical School (Methodological Essays on Schmoller, Weber and Schumpeter) vol 2. Springer: Boston. pp.1-11.
  • Shionoya, Y. (2005). A Methodological Appraisal of Schmoller’s Research Program. Eds. Shionoya, Y., The Soul of the German Historical School (Methodological Essays on Schmoller, Weber and Schumpeter) vol 2. Springer: Boston. pp.13-28.
  • Tilly, C. (2001). Zor, Sermaye ve Avrupa Devletlerinin Oluşumu. Çev. Emiroğlu, K., İmge Yayınları: Ankara.
  • Ulutan, B. (1978) İktisadi Doktrinler Tarihi, Ötüken Neşriyat A.Ş.: İstanbul.
  • Yalçın, A. (1983). İktisadi Doktrinler ve Sistemler Tarihi, Ankara Üniversitesi Basın ve Yayın Yüksek Okulu Basımevi: Ankara.
  • Zarakolu, A. (1981). İktisadi Düşünceler Tarihi, Ankara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Yayınları: Ankara.
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makale Başvuru
Authors

Hale Kırmızıoğlu 0000-0001-8869-9933

Publication Date July 26, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022

Cite

APA Kırmızıoğlu, H. (2022). TARİHSEL GÖRELİLİK YÖNTEMİ İLE KÜLTÜREL KURUMLAR VE EKONOMİ İLİŞKİSİNİ ANLAMAK: ALMAN TARİHÇİ OKULU. Öneri Dergisi, 17(58), 613-637. https://doi.org/10.14783/maruoneri.885340

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