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Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi

Year 2017, Volume: 11 Issue: 17, 1 - 23, 01.11.2017

Abstract

Bu değerlendirme, Paleoantropoloji’nin en önemli tartışma konularından biri olan Hominid - Hominin ayrımını, bu farklı kavramların zaman içinde nasıl değiştiğini ve neleri kapsadığını anlatmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Kuyruksuz büyük maymunların sınıflandırılması, hem insanın hem de en yakın primat akrabalarının doğadaki yerini anlayabilmek için önemlidir. Bu sınıflandırmanın taksonomideki ve günlük dildeki terimlerinin neler olduğunun anlaşılabilmesi, ileride meydana gelebilecek kavram karmaşalarının da önüne geçecektir.

References

  • Arnason vd. 1998: Arnason, U., Gullberg, A., Janke, A., “Molecular Timing of Primate Divergences as Estimated by Two Nonprimate Calibration Points”, Journal of Molecular Evolution 47, 1998, 718-727.
  • Arnason-Janke 2002: Arnason, U., Janke, A., “Mitogenomic analyses of eutherian relationships”, Cytogenic and Genome Research 96.1-4, 2012, 20-32.
  • Bailey 1993: Bailey, W. J., “Hominoid Trichotomy: A Molecular Overview”, Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 2.3, 1993, 100-108.
  • Begun 2015: Begun, D. R., “Fossil Record of Miocene Hominoids”, Handbook of Paleoanthropology, Cilt 2, Ed. W. Henke, I. Tattersall, Heidelberg, 2015, 1261-1332.
  • Begun 2016: Begun, D. R., The Real Planet of the Apes: A New Story of Human Origins, Princeton, 2016.
  • Bradley 2008: Bradley, B. J., “Reconstructing phylogenies and phenotypes: a molecular view of human evolution”, Journal of Anatomy 212, 2008, 337-353.
  • Cartmill-Smith 2009: Cartmill, M., Smith, F. H., The Human Lineage, New Jersey, 2009.
  • Casanovas Vilar vd. 2011: Casanovas Vilar, I., Alba, D. M., Garcés, M., Robles, J. M., Moyà-Solà, S., “Updated chronology for the Miocene hominoid radiation in Western Eurasia”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108.14, 2011, 5554-5559.
  • Cela Conde-Ayala 2007: Cela Conde, C. J., Ayala, F. J., Human Evolution: Trails from the Past, Oxford, 2007.
  • Cela Conde-Ayala 2016: Cela Conde, C. J., Ayala, F. J., “The Advent of Biological Evolution and Humankind: Chance or Necessity?”, On Human Nature: Biology, Psychology, Ethics, Politics, and Religion, Ed. M. Tibayrenc, F. J. Ayala, Amsterdam ve Boston, 2016.
  • Crompton 2016: Crompton, R. H., “The hominins: a very conservative tribe? Last common ancestors, plasticity and ecomorphology in Hominidae. Or, What’s in a name?”, Journal of Anatomy 228, 2016, 686- 699.
  • Disotell 2015: Disotell, T. R., “Genetic Perspectives on Ape and Human Evolution”, A Companion to Paleoanthropology, Ed. D. R. Begun, 2013, 291-305.
  • Glazko-Nei 2003: Glazko, G. V., Nei, M., “Estimation of divergence times for major lineages of primate species”, Molecular Biology and Evolution 20.3, 2003, 424 – 434.
  • Goodman 1963: Goodman, M., “Serological Analysis of the Systematics of Recent Hominoids”, Human Biology 35.3, 1963, 377-436.
  • Goodman 1974: Goodman, M., “Biochemical evidence on hominid phylogeny”, Annual Review of Anthropology 3, 1974, 203-228.
  • Goodman 1996: Goodman, M., “Epilogue: A Personal Account of the Origins of a New Paradigm”, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5.1, 1996, 269-285.
  • Goodman vd. 1990: Goodman, M., Tagle, D. A., Fitch, D. H., Bailey, W., Czelusniak, J., Koop, B. F., Benson, P., Slightom, J. L., “Primate evolution at the DNA level and a classification of hominoids”, Journal of Molecular Evolution 30.3, 1990, 260- 266.
  • Groves 2004: Groves, C., “The What, Why and How of Primate Taxonomy”, International Journal of Primatology 25.5, 2004, 1105-1126.
  • Groves 2017: Groves, C., “Primates (Taxonomy)”, International Encyclopedia of Primatology, Ed. A. Fuentes, 2017.
  • Harris 2017: Harris, E. E., Soyağacımızdaki Maymun: İnsan Evriminin Yeni Bilimi, Çev. B. Kovulmaz, İstanbul, 2017.
  • Klein 2009: Klein, R. G., The Human Career: Human Biological and Cultural Origins, 3. Baskı, Londra, 2009.
  • Langergraber vd. 2012: Langergraber, K. E., Prüfer, K., Rowney, C., Boesch, C., Crockford, C., Fawcett, K., Inoue, E., Inoue-Muruyama, M., Mitani, J. C., Muller, M. N., Robbins, M. M., Schubert, G., Stoinski, T. S., Viola, B., Watts, D., Wittig, R. M., Wrangham, R. W., Zuberbühler, K., Pääbo, S., Vigilant, L., “Generation times in wild chimpanzees and gorillas suggest earlier divergence times in great ape and human evolution”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109.39, 2012, 15716-15721.
  • Lewis vd. 2013: Lewis, B., Jurmain, R., Kilgore, L. Understanding Humans: Introduction to Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 11. Baskı, Belmont, 2013.
  • Mann-Weiss 1996: Mann, A., Weiss, M., “Hominoid phylogeny and taxonomy: a consideration of the molecular and fossil evidence in an historical perspective”, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5.1, 1996, 169-181.
  • McBrearty-Jablonski 2005: McBrearty, S., Jablonski, N. G., “First fossil chimpanzee”, Nature 437, 2005, 105-108.
  • Napier-Napier 1985: Napier, J. R., Napier, P. H., The natural history of the primates, Londra, 1985.
  • Nielsen 2012: Nielsen, C., Animal Evolution: Interrelationships of the Living Phyla, 3. Baskı, Oxford, 2012.
  • Sarich-Wilson 1967: Sarich, V. M., Wilson, A. C., “Immunological time scale for hominid evolution”, Science 158, 1967, 1200-1203.
  • Shoshani vd. 1996: Shoshani, J., Groves, C. P., Simons, E. L., Gunnell, G. F., “Primate Phylogeney: Morphological vs Molecular Results”, Moelcular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5.1, 1996, 102-154.
  • Simpson 1945: Simpson, G. G., “The Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals”, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 85, 1945, 1-350.
  • Stanford vd. 2013: Stanford, C., Allen, J. S., Antón, S. C., Biological Anthropology: The Natural History of Humankind, 3. Baskı, New Jersey, 2013.
  • Stefoff 2010: Stefoff, R., Humans: An Evolutionary History – Origins, New York, 2010.
  • Strait 2013: Strait, D. S., “Human Systematics”, A Companion to Paleoanthropology, Ed. D. R. Begun, 2013, 37-54.
  • Venn vd. 2014: Venn, O., Turner, I. Mathieson, I., de Groot, N., Bontrop, R., McVean, G., “Strong male bias drives germline mutation in chimpanzees”, Science 344.6189, 2014, 1272-1275.
  • Wood 2010: Wood, B. A., “Systematics, Taxonomy, and Phylogenetics: Ordering Life, Past and Present”, A Companion to Biological Anthropology, Ed. C. S. Larsen, 2010, 56-73.
  • Wood-Richmond 2000: Wood, B., Richmond, B. G., “Human evolution: taxonomy and paleobiology”, Journal of Anatomy 196, 2000, 19-60.

The Unbearable Lightness of Paleoanthropology: The Matter of Hominin

Year 2017, Volume: 11 Issue: 17, 1 - 23, 01.11.2017

Abstract

This review is made to explain one of the most important discussions in Paleoanthropology: the terminological divergence between Hominid and Hominin. It aims to tell how these terms came to differ in time and what they comprise. The classification of apes is crucial to understand the places of humans and their closest relative in the nature. Understanding the taxonomic and vernacular terminology may prevent future complication and confusion.

References

  • Arnason vd. 1998: Arnason, U., Gullberg, A., Janke, A., “Molecular Timing of Primate Divergences as Estimated by Two Nonprimate Calibration Points”, Journal of Molecular Evolution 47, 1998, 718-727.
  • Arnason-Janke 2002: Arnason, U., Janke, A., “Mitogenomic analyses of eutherian relationships”, Cytogenic and Genome Research 96.1-4, 2012, 20-32.
  • Bailey 1993: Bailey, W. J., “Hominoid Trichotomy: A Molecular Overview”, Evolutionary Anthropology: Issues, News, and Reviews 2.3, 1993, 100-108.
  • Begun 2015: Begun, D. R., “Fossil Record of Miocene Hominoids”, Handbook of Paleoanthropology, Cilt 2, Ed. W. Henke, I. Tattersall, Heidelberg, 2015, 1261-1332.
  • Begun 2016: Begun, D. R., The Real Planet of the Apes: A New Story of Human Origins, Princeton, 2016.
  • Bradley 2008: Bradley, B. J., “Reconstructing phylogenies and phenotypes: a molecular view of human evolution”, Journal of Anatomy 212, 2008, 337-353.
  • Cartmill-Smith 2009: Cartmill, M., Smith, F. H., The Human Lineage, New Jersey, 2009.
  • Casanovas Vilar vd. 2011: Casanovas Vilar, I., Alba, D. M., Garcés, M., Robles, J. M., Moyà-Solà, S., “Updated chronology for the Miocene hominoid radiation in Western Eurasia”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 108.14, 2011, 5554-5559.
  • Cela Conde-Ayala 2007: Cela Conde, C. J., Ayala, F. J., Human Evolution: Trails from the Past, Oxford, 2007.
  • Cela Conde-Ayala 2016: Cela Conde, C. J., Ayala, F. J., “The Advent of Biological Evolution and Humankind: Chance or Necessity?”, On Human Nature: Biology, Psychology, Ethics, Politics, and Religion, Ed. M. Tibayrenc, F. J. Ayala, Amsterdam ve Boston, 2016.
  • Crompton 2016: Crompton, R. H., “The hominins: a very conservative tribe? Last common ancestors, plasticity and ecomorphology in Hominidae. Or, What’s in a name?”, Journal of Anatomy 228, 2016, 686- 699.
  • Disotell 2015: Disotell, T. R., “Genetic Perspectives on Ape and Human Evolution”, A Companion to Paleoanthropology, Ed. D. R. Begun, 2013, 291-305.
  • Glazko-Nei 2003: Glazko, G. V., Nei, M., “Estimation of divergence times for major lineages of primate species”, Molecular Biology and Evolution 20.3, 2003, 424 – 434.
  • Goodman 1963: Goodman, M., “Serological Analysis of the Systematics of Recent Hominoids”, Human Biology 35.3, 1963, 377-436.
  • Goodman 1974: Goodman, M., “Biochemical evidence on hominid phylogeny”, Annual Review of Anthropology 3, 1974, 203-228.
  • Goodman 1996: Goodman, M., “Epilogue: A Personal Account of the Origins of a New Paradigm”, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5.1, 1996, 269-285.
  • Goodman vd. 1990: Goodman, M., Tagle, D. A., Fitch, D. H., Bailey, W., Czelusniak, J., Koop, B. F., Benson, P., Slightom, J. L., “Primate evolution at the DNA level and a classification of hominoids”, Journal of Molecular Evolution 30.3, 1990, 260- 266.
  • Groves 2004: Groves, C., “The What, Why and How of Primate Taxonomy”, International Journal of Primatology 25.5, 2004, 1105-1126.
  • Groves 2017: Groves, C., “Primates (Taxonomy)”, International Encyclopedia of Primatology, Ed. A. Fuentes, 2017.
  • Harris 2017: Harris, E. E., Soyağacımızdaki Maymun: İnsan Evriminin Yeni Bilimi, Çev. B. Kovulmaz, İstanbul, 2017.
  • Klein 2009: Klein, R. G., The Human Career: Human Biological and Cultural Origins, 3. Baskı, Londra, 2009.
  • Langergraber vd. 2012: Langergraber, K. E., Prüfer, K., Rowney, C., Boesch, C., Crockford, C., Fawcett, K., Inoue, E., Inoue-Muruyama, M., Mitani, J. C., Muller, M. N., Robbins, M. M., Schubert, G., Stoinski, T. S., Viola, B., Watts, D., Wittig, R. M., Wrangham, R. W., Zuberbühler, K., Pääbo, S., Vigilant, L., “Generation times in wild chimpanzees and gorillas suggest earlier divergence times in great ape and human evolution”, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109.39, 2012, 15716-15721.
  • Lewis vd. 2013: Lewis, B., Jurmain, R., Kilgore, L. Understanding Humans: Introduction to Physical Anthropology and Archaeology, 11. Baskı, Belmont, 2013.
  • Mann-Weiss 1996: Mann, A., Weiss, M., “Hominoid phylogeny and taxonomy: a consideration of the molecular and fossil evidence in an historical perspective”, Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5.1, 1996, 169-181.
  • McBrearty-Jablonski 2005: McBrearty, S., Jablonski, N. G., “First fossil chimpanzee”, Nature 437, 2005, 105-108.
  • Napier-Napier 1985: Napier, J. R., Napier, P. H., The natural history of the primates, Londra, 1985.
  • Nielsen 2012: Nielsen, C., Animal Evolution: Interrelationships of the Living Phyla, 3. Baskı, Oxford, 2012.
  • Sarich-Wilson 1967: Sarich, V. M., Wilson, A. C., “Immunological time scale for hominid evolution”, Science 158, 1967, 1200-1203.
  • Shoshani vd. 1996: Shoshani, J., Groves, C. P., Simons, E. L., Gunnell, G. F., “Primate Phylogeney: Morphological vs Molecular Results”, Moelcular Phylogenetics and Evolution 5.1, 1996, 102-154.
  • Simpson 1945: Simpson, G. G., “The Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals”, Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 85, 1945, 1-350.
  • Stanford vd. 2013: Stanford, C., Allen, J. S., Antón, S. C., Biological Anthropology: The Natural History of Humankind, 3. Baskı, New Jersey, 2013.
  • Stefoff 2010: Stefoff, R., Humans: An Evolutionary History – Origins, New York, 2010.
  • Strait 2013: Strait, D. S., “Human Systematics”, A Companion to Paleoanthropology, Ed. D. R. Begun, 2013, 37-54.
  • Venn vd. 2014: Venn, O., Turner, I. Mathieson, I., de Groot, N., Bontrop, R., McVean, G., “Strong male bias drives germline mutation in chimpanzees”, Science 344.6189, 2014, 1272-1275.
  • Wood 2010: Wood, B. A., “Systematics, Taxonomy, and Phylogenetics: Ordering Life, Past and Present”, A Companion to Biological Anthropology, Ed. C. S. Larsen, 2010, 56-73.
  • Wood-Richmond 2000: Wood, B., Richmond, B. G., “Human evolution: taxonomy and paleobiology”, Journal of Anatomy 196, 2000, 19-60.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Hakan Mutlu

Publication Date November 1, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 11 Issue: 17

Cite

APA Mutlu, H. (2017). Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi. MASROP E-Dergi, 11(17), 1-23.
AMA Mutlu H. Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi. MASROP E-Dergi. November 2017;11(17):1-23.
Chicago Mutlu, Hakan. “Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi”. MASROP E-Dergi 11, no. 17 (November 2017): 1-23.
EndNote Mutlu H (November 1, 2017) Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi. MASROP E-Dergi 11 17 1–23.
IEEE H. Mutlu, “Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi”, MASROP E-Dergi, vol. 11, no. 17, pp. 1–23, 2017.
ISNAD Mutlu, Hakan. “Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi”. MASROP E-Dergi 11/17 (November 2017), 1-23.
JAMA Mutlu H. Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi. MASROP E-Dergi. 2017;11:1–23.
MLA Mutlu, Hakan. “Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi”. MASROP E-Dergi, vol. 11, no. 17, 2017, pp. 1-23.
Vancouver Mutlu H. Paleoantropoloji’nin Dayanılmaz Hafifliği: Hominin Meselesi. MASROP E-Dergi. 2017;11(17):1-23.