Görme Engelli Yetişkinlerde Sporla İlgilenen ve İlgilenmeyen Bireylerin Özsaygı Düzeylerinin Karşılaştırılması: Kesitsel Bir Çalışma

Year 2024, , 62 - 67, 30.04.2024

Ayça Aracı , Şehmus Aslan , Elif Gür Kabul , Ummuhan Baş Aslan , Bilge Başakçı Çalık

https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.1455770

Abstract

Amaç: Benlik saygısı ruhsal sağlık için önemli bir psikolojik kavramdır. Çalışmamızın amacı, spor yapan ve yapmayan görme engelli bireylerin benlik saygısı düzeylerini karşılaştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya spor yapan 42 ve spor yapmayan 43 olmak üzere toplam 85 görme engelli çalışmaya dahil edildi. Araştırmada bireyler için düzenlenmiş kişisel bilgi formu ve Rosenberg Benlik Saygı Ölçeği kullanıldı.

Bulgu: Spor yapan görme engelli erişkinlerin yaş ortalaması 20.86±3.0 yıl iken, spor yapmayanların 20.88±2.92 yıl idi. Spor yapan görme engelli erişkinlerin 22’si kadın, 20’si erkek iken; spor yapmayanların 26’sı kadın, 17’si erkek idi. Yapılan analiz sonucunda, spor yapan görme engelli erişkinlerin benlik saygılarının yapmayanlara göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu (p;0.001) görüldü. Spor yapan hem kadın hem de erkek erişkin görme engelli bireylerin benlik saygılarının spor yapmayan kendi hemcinslerine göre istatistiksel açıdan anlamlı düzeyde daha yüksek olduğu (kadın p;0.001, erkek p;0.020) görüldü.

Sonuç: Spor yapmanın cinsiyetten bağımsız olarak görme engelli erişkinlerde benlik saygısını arttırdığı sonucuna varıldı. Bu bağlamda, görme engelli bireylerde spora katılımın yaygınlaştırılması gerektiği vurgulanmalıdır.

Keywords

Görme engeli, benlik saygısı, psikolojik iyi oluş, spor katılımı, yetişkin

Comparison of Self-Esteem in Visually Impaired Adults who Participate in Sport and those who do not: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Aim: Self-esteem is an important psychological concept for mental health. The aim of our study was to compare the levels of self-esteem between visually impaired adults who participate in sports and those who do not.

Method: A total of 85 visually impaired adults were included in the study, including 42 who participate in sports and 43 who do not. A personal information form and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used for data collection.

Results: The mean age of the visually impaired adults who participate in sports was 20.86±3.0 years, while it was 20.88±2.92 years for those who do not participate in sports. Among the visually impaired adults who participate in sports, 22 were female and 20 were male, while among those who do not participate in sports, 26 were female and 17 were male. The analysis revealed that the self-esteem of visually impaired adults who participate in sports was statistically significantly higher than that of those who do not participate in sports (p=0.001). It was also observed that the self-esteem of both female and male visually impaired adults who participate in sports was statistically significantly higher than their counterparts who do not participate in sports (female p=0.001, male p=0.020).

Conclusion: It was concluded that participation in sports increases self-esteem in visually impaired adults regardless of gender. In this context, it should be emphasized that participation in sports should be expanded among visually impaired individuals.

Keywords

visual disability, self-esteem, psychological well-being, sports participation, adult

References

• 1. Tazegül Ü. The investigation of the effect of sports on personality. JASS. 2014;25(1):537-544. doi: 10.9761/JASSS2352.
• 2. Veselska Z, Madarasova Geckova A, Gajdosova B, Orosova O, van Dijk JP, Reijneveld SA. Socio-economic differences in self-esteem of adolescents influenced by personality, mental health and social support. Eur J Public Health. 2010;20(6):647-52. doi: 10.1093/eurpub/ckp210.
• 3. Roessler EB, Pangborn RM, Sidel JL, Stone H. Expanded statistical tables for estimating significance in paired—preference, paired–difference, duo–trio and triangle tests. J of food Science. 1978 ;43(3):940-3. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2621.1978.tb02458.x
• 4. Wilson PE, Clayton GH. Sports and disability. PM R. 2010 Mar;2(3):46-54; quiz S55-6. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2010.02.002.
• 5. Aslan Ş, Aslan UB, Uyan A. Comparison of self-esteem in physically disabled people according to participating sports. J. of Human Sciences. 2017;14(4):4032-40.
• 6. Aslan UB, Aslan Ş, Ay S. Comparison of self-esteem between hearing impaired people who participated sports or do not. J of Sport & Kinetic Movement. 2023; 41(1):4-10. doi: 10.52846/jskm/41.2023.1.1.
• 7. Alizadeh A, Cobuliev Z. Psychological and social factors ınfluencing the development of sports for athletes with disabilities in tajikistan. Sport Psychology Studies. 2021;10(35);19-36.
• 8. Laferrier JZ, Teodorski E, Cooper RA. Investigation of the impact of sports, exercise, and recreation participation on psychosocial outcomes in a population of veterans with disabilities: A Cross-sectional study. Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 2015;94(12):1026-34. doi: 10.1097/PHM.0000000000000263.
• 9. Côté-Leclerc F, Boileau Duchesne G, Bolduc P, Gélinas-Lafrenière A, Santerre C, Desrosiers J, et al. How does playing adapted sports affect quality of life of people with mobility limitations? Results from a mixed-method sequential explanatory study. Health Qual Life Outcomes. 2017 Jan 25;15(1):22. doi:10.1186/s12955-017-0597-9.
• 10. Papadopoulos K. The impact of individual characteristics in self-esteem and locus of control of young adults with visual impairments. Res Dev Disabil. 2014;35(3):671-5. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2013.12.009.
• 11. Van Nispen RM, Virgili G, Hoeben M, Langelaan M, Klevering J, Keunen JE, et al. Low vision rehabilitation for better quality of life in visually impaired adults. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2020;1(1):CD006543. doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006543.pub2.
• 12. Winch RF. Society and the adolescent self-image (book review).By Morris Rosenberg. Princeton, New Jersey:Princeton University Press,1965.326 pp. Social forces.1965;44(2),255-6. doi:10.1093/sf/44.2.255.
• 13. Petersen W. Self-esteem and the adolescent: society and the adolescent self-ımage. Morris Rosenberg. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ.1965;148(3671):804.doi:10.1126/science.148.3671.804.
• 14. Augestad LB, Elmer S. Self-concept and self-esteem among children and young adults with visual impairment: A systematic review. Cogent Psychol. 2017;4(1). doi:10.1080/23311908.2017.1319652.
• 15. Uygun F. Comparison of the differences personality design of visually disabled who do or don’t sport actively. 2016. Master's Thesis. Amasya Üniversitesi.
• 16. Özcan SN, Gençay S. Investigatıon of self-esteem and life satisfactıon of visually impaired individuals who do sports. Inter. JSHSR. 2023;10(94):813-818. doi:10.26450/jshsr.3634.
• 17. Dalbudak İ, Yiğit Ş. Investigation of the self-esteem levels of hearing-impaired individuals who do and do not do sports. Turkish Studies-Social Sciences. 2019;14(4):1387-9. doi: 10.29228/TurkishStudies.22857.
• 18. Saygılı G, Kesercioğlu T, Kırıktaş H. The effect of educational level on self-esteem. Turkish Int J of Special Education and Guidance & Counselling. 2015;4(1):1-8. ISSN: 1300-7432.
• 19. Huurre TM, Komulainen EJ, Aro HM. Social support and self-esteem among adolescents with visual impairments. J of Visual Impairment & Blindness. 1999;93(1):26-37. doi: 10.1177/0145482X9909300.
• 20. Pinquart M, Pfeiffe JP. Identity development in German adolescents with and without visual impairments. J of Visual Impairment & Blindness. 2013;107(5):338-349. doi: 10.1177/0145482X1310700.
• 21. Were CM, Indoshi FC, Yalo JA. Gender differences in self-concept and academic achievement among visually impaired pupils in Kenya. Educational Research. 2010;1(8):246-52.
• 22. Giese M, Greisbach M, Meier M, Neusser T, Wetekam N. ‘I usually never got involved’: understanding reasons for secondary students with visual impairments leaving mainstream schooling in Germany. Eur J of Special Needs Education. 2022;37(2):264-77. doi: 10.1080/08856257.2021.1872997.
• 23. Dawn R. Educational achievement and psychosocial transition in visually impaired adolescents: Studies from India. Springer. 2018. doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-6644-3.