Şişman Çocuk ve Ergenlerde Depresyonun Uyku Miktarı ve Şişmanlığın Derecesi ile İlişkisi

Year 2021, , 42 - 47, 23.04.2021

Fahri Çelebi , Bahar Özcabı , Ayla Güven

https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.784624

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada amacımız şişman çocuk ve ergenlerde şişmanlık ile ilişkili antropometrik ölçümler ile depresyon ve uyku süresi arasındaki ilişkiyi araştırmaktır.

Yöntemler: Çalışmaya kırk şişman çocuk ve ergen dahil edildi. Vücut kitle indeksi yaş ve cinsiyete göre 95 persentil ve üstünde olanlar şişman olarak tanımlandı. Sosyodemografik ve klinik veriler yazarlar tarafından oluşturulan sosyodemografik ve klinik veri formu kullanılarak elde edildi. Çalışmaya katılan çocuk ve gençlere “Çocuklar için depresyon ölçeği (ÇDÖ)” doldurtuldu. Katılımcıların boy ve kilosu kaydedildi, vücut kitle indeksi (VKİ) ve vücut kitle indeksi standart sapması (VKİ-SDS) hesaplandı.

Çalışmaya katılanlar VKİ değerine göre şişmanlık şiddeti açısından Sınıf 1 ve sınıf 2 olanlar 1.grup ve sınıf 3 olanlar 2. grup olarak gruplandırıldı. Gruplar sosyodemografik özellikler, depresyon ve uyku süresi açısından karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan 40 olgunun 25’i kızdı ve ortalama yaş 12.8±2.6 idi. Depresyonu olanlarda vücut ağırlığı, VKİ, VKİ-SDS ve uyku süresi depresyonu olmayanlara göre anlamlı olarak farklıydı. 2.grupta (Sınıf 3) ÇDÖ puanları anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti. ÇDÖ skorları vücut ağırlığı, VKİ, VKİ-SDS ile pozitif, uyku süresi ile negatif korelasyon göstermekteydi.

Sonuç: Şişman çocuk ve gençlerde yüksek depresyon skorları şişmanlık şiddeti ve azalmış uyku süresi ile ilişkili olabilir. Şişman çocuk ve ergenlerin depresyon ve uyku bozuklukları açısından bir çocuk ergen psikiyatrisi uzmanı ile birlikte takip edilmesinin önemli ve gerekli olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Keywords

Şişmanlık, Depresif belirtiler, vücut kitle indeksi, uyku

The Relationship Between Obesity, Depressive Symptoms and Sleep Duration in Children and Adolescents

Abstract

Aim: In this study, we aimed to investigate the relationship between symptoms of depression and sleep duration with anthropometric measurements in obese children and adolescents.

Methods: Forty children and adolescents (25 girls) diagnosed with obesity were included. Sociodemographic and clinical data were obtained using the sociodemographic and clinical data form. Age, gender, height and weight values were recorded; body mass index (BMI), percentile and standard deviations (SDS) were calculated. Children’s Depression Inventory (CDI) was used to assess depression. The degree of obesity was classified according to the BMI values of the cases, the cases in class 1 and 2 were grouped as “subgroup 1”, and the cases in class 3 as “subgroup 2”. Groups were compared in terms of sociodemographic features, depression and sleep duration.

Results: Mean age of the group was 12.8±2.6 years. There was a significant difference in patients with depression in terms of body weight, body weight SDS, BMI, BMI-SDS and sleep duration compared to those without depression. CDI scores in subgroup 2 were significantly higher than subgroup 1. CDI scores were positively correlated with body weight, BMI and BMI-SDS and negatively correlated with sleep duration. Sleep duration was negatively correlated with body weight and BMI.

Conclusion: Depressive symptoms and sleep duration may be associated with the severity of obesity in children. We consider that the assessment of depression and sleep disorders by a pediatric psychiatrist is important and useful in children with obesity.

Keywords

Obesity, Depressive Symptoms, Body Mass Index, Sleep

References

• 1. Hedley AA, Ogden CL, Johnson CL, Carroll MD, Curtin LR, Flegal KM. Prevalence of overweight and obesity among US children, adolescents, and adults, 1999-2002. JAMA 2004, 291(23):2847-2850. DOI: 10.1001/jama.291.23.2847.
• 2. Kosti RI, Panagiotakos DB. The epidemic of obesity in children and adolescents in the world. Cent Eur J Public Health 2006,14(4):151-159. PMID: 17243492.
• 3. Styne DM, Arslanian SA, Connor EL, Farooqi IS, Murad MH, Silverstein JH, et al. Pediatric Obesity-Assessment, Treatment, and Prevention: An Endocrine Society Clinical Practice Guideline. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017,102(3):709-757. DOI: 10.1210/jc.2016-2573.
• 4. Skinner AC, Skelton JA. Prevalence and trends in obesity and severe obesity among children in the United States, 1999-2012. JAMA Pediatr 2014,168(6):561-566. DOI: 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2014.21.
• 5. Skinner AC, Perrin EM, Moss LA, Skelton JA. Cardiometabolic Risks and Severity of Obesity in Children and Young Adults. N Engl J Med 2015,373(14):1307-1317. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1502821.
• 6. Puhl RM, King KM. Weight discrimination and bullying. Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013,27(2):117–127. DOI: 10.1016/j.beem.2012.12.002.
• 7. Griffiths LJ1, Parsons TJ, Hill AJ. Self-esteem and quality of life in obese children and adolescents: a systematic review. Int J Pediatr Obes 2010,5(4):282-304. DOI: 10.3109/17477160903473697.
• 8. Luppino FS, de Wit LM, Bouvy PF, Stijnen T, Cuijpers P, Penninx BW, et al. Overweight, obesity, and depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis of longitudinal studies. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2010, 67(3):220-229. DOI: 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2010.2.
• 9. Reeves GM, Postolache TT, Snitker S. Childhood Obesity and Depression: Connection between these Growing Problems in Growing Children. Int J Child Health Hum Dev 2008,1(2):103-114. PMID: 18941545
• 10. Chen X, Beydoun MA, Wang Y. Is sleep duration associated with childhood obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2008,16(2):265-274. DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.63.
• 11. Leproult R, Van Cauter E. Role of sleep and sleep loss in hormonal release and metabolism. Endocr Dev 2010,17:11-21. DOI: 10.1159/000262524.
• 12. Reilly JJ, Armstrong J, Dorosty AR, Emmett PM, Ness A, Rogers I, et al. Early life risk factors for obesity in childhood: cohort study. BMJ 2005,330(7504):1357. DOI: 10.1136/bmj.38470.670903.E0.
• 13. Taheri S. The link between short sleep duration and obesity: we should recommend more sleep to prevent obesity. Arch Dis Child 2006, 91(11): 881–884. DOI: 10.1136/adc.2005.093013.
• 14. Kumar S, Kelly AS. Review of childhood obesity: from epidemiology, etiology, and comorbidities to clinical assessment and treatment. Mayo Clin Proc 2017,92(2):251-265. DOI: 10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.09.017.
• 15. Demir K, Özen S, Konakçı E, Aydın M, Darendeliler F. A Comprehensive online calculator for pediatric endocrinologists: ÇEDD çözüm/TPEDS metrics. J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2017, 9(2):182-184. DOI: 10.4274/jcrpe.4526.
• 16. Hollingshead AB, Redlich F C. Social class and mental illness: A community study. New York: Wiley; 1958. DOI: 10.1037/10645-000.
• 17. Öy B. Çocuklar için Depresyon Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması [in Turkish]. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry,1991;2:137–140.
• 18. Birmaher B, Brent D, Bernet W, Bukstein O, Walter H, Benson RS, et al. Practice parameters for the assessment and treatment of children and adolescents with depressive disorders. J Am Acad child Adolesc Psychiatry 2007,46(11):1503–1526. DOI: 10.1097/chi.0b013e318145ae1c.
• 19. Sutaria S, Devakumar D, Yasuda SS, Das S, Saxena S. Is obesity associated with depression in children? Systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Dis Child 2019,104(1):64-74. DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-314608.
• 20. Lindberg L, Hagman E, Danielsson P, Marcus C, Persson M. Anxiety and depression in children and adolescents with obesity: a nationwide study in Sweden. BMC Med 2020,18(1):30. DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-1498-z.
• 21. Emery CF, Fondow MD, Schneider CM, Christofi FL, Hunt C, Busby AK, et al. Gastric bypass surgery is associated with reduced inflammation and less depression: a preliminary investigation. Obes Surg 2007,17(6):759-763. DOI: 10.1007/s11695-007-9140-0
• 22. Shoelson SE, Herrero L, Naaz A. Obesity, inflammation, and insulin resistance. Gastroenterology 2007,132(6):2169-2180. DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.03.059.
• 23. Vaccarino V, Johnson BD, Sheps DS, Reis SE, Kelsey SF, Bittner V, et al; Depression, inflammation, and incident cardiovascular disease in women with suspected coronary ischemia: the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute sponsored WISE study. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007,50(21):2044-2050. DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.07.069.
• 24. Bremmer MA, Beekman AT, Deeg DJ, Penninx BW, Dik MG, Hack CE, et al. Inflammatory markers in late-life depression: results from a population-based study. J Affect Disord 2008,106(3):249-255. DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2007.07.002.
• 25. Milaneschi Y, Corsi AM, Penninx BW, Bandinelli S, Guralnik JM, Ferrucci L. Interleukin-1 receptor antagonist and incident depressive symptoms over 6 years in older persons: the InCHIANTI Study. Biol Psychiatry 2009,65(11):973-978. DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsych.2008.11.011.