Seasonal Variation of Immune Hemolytic Anemia

Year 2021, , 36 - 41, 23.04.2021

Demircan Özbalcı , Emine Güçhan Alanoğlu , Ruveyda Sak

https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.804346

Abstract

Aim: Immune hemolytic anemia is an autoimmune disease that is related to autoantibodies against erythrocytes. Such antibodies appear for a variety of reasons such as hematologic and oncologic malignancies, infections, and connective tissue diseases but in many cases, a true etiologic agent has not been discovered. Many hematologic, as well as rheumatologic disorders, have seasonal variations but there have not been many studies evaluating the possibility of seasonal variation of immune hemolytic anemia.

Methods: It was investigated whether the patients with immune hemolytic anemia who were diagnosed and followed in the hematology outpatient and inpatient clinic of Suleyman Demirel University from 2002 to 2018 had a significant seasonality. We also evaluated whether there was any seasonality relationship between gender and beginning of the hemolytic attacks.

Results: There was no significant difference when seasons were grouped as spring, summer, autumn and winter, according to gender (p = 0,122). The evaluation of seasons in two groups as autumn-winter and spring-Summer revealed that male patients tended to suffer immune hemolytic anemia in autumn-winter, whereas females, significantly, tend to contract the disease in spring-Summer (p=0,046).

Conclusion: Immune hemolytic anemia had significant seasonality pattern depending on gender. More prospective studies are needed to support these findings in this study.

Keywords

immune hemolytic anemia, seasonality, gender

İmmün Hemolitik Aneminin Mevsimsel Değişkenliği

Abstract

Amaç: İmmün hemolitik anemi, eritrositlerle ilişkili otoantikorlara bağlı otoimmün bir hastalıktır. Bu tür antikorlar, hematolojik ve onkolojik maligniteler, enfeksiyonlar ve bağ dokusu hastalıkları gibi çeşitli nedenlerle ortaya çıkar ancak, bazı durumlarda, etyolojik faktör tespit edilememektedir. Hematolojik ve romatolojik bozuklukların birçoğunun mevsimsel varyasyonları vardır, ancak immün hemolitik aneminin mevsimsel değişim olasılığını değerlendiren çok fazla çalışma yoktur.

Metot: 2002-2018 yılları arasında Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi hematoloji polikliniğinde ve yatarak tedavi kliniğinde tanı ve takibi yapılan immün hemolitik anemili hastaların anlamlı mevsimselliğe sahip olup olmadığı araştırıldı. Ayrıca, immün hemolitik anemi atağının başlangıcı ile cinsiyetler arasında mevsimsellik ilişkisi olup olmadığı araştırıldı.

Bulgular: Cinsiyete göre mevsimler ilkbahar, yaz, sonbahar ve kış olarak gruplandırıldığında anlamlı fark yoktu (p = 0,122). Mevsimleri sonbahar-kış ve ilkbahar-yaz olarak iki grupta değerlendirdiğimizde, erkek hastaların sonbahar-kış aylarında immün hemolitik anemiye eğilimli olduklarını, kadınların ise ilkbahar-yaz aylarında önemli ölçüde hastalığa yakalanma eğiliminde olduklarını bulduk.

Sonuç: İmmün hemolitik aneminin, cinsiyete bağlı olarak, istatistiksel olarak anlamlı mevsimsellik paterni olduğunu gösterdik. Bu çalışmadaki bulguları desteklemek için daha fazla prospektif çalışmaya ihtiyaç vardır. 

Keywords

immün hemolitik anemi, mevsimsellik, cinsiyet

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