The relationship between speech difficulties and brain laterality in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder and Specific Learning Disorder

Year 2021, Volume: 5 Issue: 3, 250 - 256, 31.12.2021

Semra Yılmaz , Fatma Akyüz

https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.927423

Abstract

Aim: We aimed to examine the behavioral determinants of brain laterality and their associations with speech difficulties in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and Specific Learning Disorder (SLD).

Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted with a clinical sample of 7-18 years old patients with ADHD and/or SLD diagnosis. Patients’ sociodemographical, developmental and medical information were taken during their clinical interviews. Behavioral determinants of brain laterality were assessed by several motor tasks. These tasks were “handwriting” for handedness, “looking through the telescope” for eyedness, and “hitting the ball or standing on one foot” for footedness.

Results: A total of 130 patients participated in the study. Left side preference and crossed laterality were common in patients with SLD (with or without comorbid ADHD) but not in patients with pure ADHD. Left eyedness/footedness were associated with speech disorders (p<0,05).

Conclusion: This study has shown that even after controlling for other factors affecting the development of brain laterality SLD, but not ADHD, is associated with left-sided preference and cross laterality. The relationship between speech disorders and left-eyedness/footedness in ADHD and SLD patients suggests that development of brain laterality is actually mediated by speech development.

Keywords

ADHD, brain laterality, speech disorders, Dyslexia

Supporting Institution

Yok

Thanks

We would like to thank all the patients who participated in the study for their readiness and engagement as well as their patience and effort. All authors state that there was no funding of the study and there was no conflict of interest.

Dikkat eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu ve Özgül Öğrenme Bozukluğunda Beyin Lateralitesinin Konuşma Problemleri ile İlişkisi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Dikkat Eksikliği Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu (DEHB) ve Özgül Öğrenme Bozukluğu (ÖÖB) tanıları olan çocuklarda beyin lateralitesinin davranışsal belirteçleri ve bunların konuşma problemleri ile ilişkisinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntemler: Bu kesitsel çalışma DEHB ve/veya ÖÖB tanılarına sahip 7-18 yaşındaki hastalardan oluşan klinik bir örneklem ile yürütülmüştür. Hastaların sosyodemografik, gelişimsel ve medikal bilgileri klinik görüşme sırasında alınmıştır. Beyin lateralitesinin davranışsal belirteçleri çeşitli motor görevler ile değerlendirilmiştir. Bu görevler el tercihi için "kalem ile yazma", göz tercihi için "teleskoptan bakma", ayak tercihi için "topa vurma" veya "tek ayak üzerinde durma" idi.

Bulgular: Çalışma DEHB ve/veya ÖÖB tanısı olan toplam 130 hasta ile tamamlanmıştır. Sol el-göz ve ayak tercihi ve çapraz lateralite ÖÖB (komorbid DEHB olsun veya olmasın) tanısı olan hastalarda sık iken sadece DEHB tanısı olanlarda değildi. Sol göz/ayak tercihi konuşma bozuklukları ile ilişkili idi (p<0,05).

Sonuç: Bu çalışma beyin lateralitesini etkileyen diğer faktörlerin kontrol edilmesinden sonra bile DEHB’nin değil ama ÖÖB’nin sol-yan tercihi ve çapraz lateralite ile ilişkili olduğunu saptamıştır. DEHB ve ÖÖB olan hastalarda konuşma bozuklukları ve sol göz/ayak tercihi arasındaki ilişkiyi gösteren diğer bulgumuz ise bu bozukluklardaki beyin lateralitesinin gelişimine aslen konuşma gelişiminin aracılık ettiğine işaret etmektedir.

Keywords

DEHB, beyin lateralitesi, konuşma problemleri, disleksi,

References

• 1. Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition; 2013. Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Association. doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596.
• 2. Ercan ES, Polanczyk G, Ardıc UA, Yuce D, Karacetın G. et al. The prevalence of childhood psychopathology in Turkey: a cross-sectional multicenter nationwide study (EPICPAT-T). Nordic Journal of Psychiatry. 2019;73(2):132-40. doi: 10.1080/08039488.2019.1574892. Epub 2019 Apr 9. PMID: 30964388.
• 3. Waldie KE & Hausmann M. Right fronto-parietal dysfunction in children with ADHD and developmental dyslexia as determined by line bisection judgements. Neuropsychologia. 2010;48(12):3650-6. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2010.08.023.
• 4. Rodriguez A, Kaakinen M, Moilanen I, Taanila A, McGough JJ, Loo S, et al.. Mixed-Handedness Is Linked to Mental Health Problems in Children and Adolescents. Pediatrics. 2010;125(2):e340-8. doi: 10.1542/peds.2009-1165.
• 5. Keller SS, Roberts N, García-Fiñana M, Mohammadi S, Ringelstein EB, Knecht S et al. Can the Language-dominant Hemisphere Be Predicted by Brain Anatomy? Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience. 2011;23(8):2013–29. doi: 10.1162/jocn.2010.21563
• 6. Sato Y, Mori K, Koizumi T, Minagawa-Kawai Y, Tanaka A, Ozawa E et al. Functional lateralization of speech processing in adults and children who stutter. Frontiers in Psychology. 2011;2:p70. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2011.00070.
• 7. Simoes EN, Carvalho ALN, Schmidt SL. What does handedness reveal about ADHD? An analysis based on CPT performance. Research in Developmental Disabilities. 2017;65:46-56. doi: 10.1016/j.ridd.2017.04.009 8. Scerri TS, Brandler WM, Paracchini S, Morris AP, Ring SM et al. PCSK6 is associated with handedness in individuals with dyslexia. Human Molecular Genetics. 2011;20(3):608–14. doi:10.1093/hmg/ddq475.
• 9. Hirnstein M & Hugdahl K. Excess of non-right-handedness in schizophrenia: Meta-analysis of gender effects and potential biases in handedness assessment. British Journal of Psychiatry. 2014;205(4):260-7. doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.113.137349.
• 10. Lindell AK, Hudry K. Atypicalities in Cortical Structure, Handedness, and Functional Lateralization for Language in Autism Spectrum Disorders. Neuropsychology Review. 2013;23(3):257–70. doi: 10.1007/s11065-013-9234-5.
• 11. Kushner HI. Retraining left-handers and the aetiology of stuttering: The rise and fall of an intriguing theory. Laterality. 2012;17(6):673-93. doi: 10.1080/1357650X.2011.615127.
• 12. Wim Van der Elst, Petra P. M. Hurks, Renske Wassenberg, Celeste J. C. Meijs, Martin P. J. Van Boxtel & Jelle Jolles. On the association between lateral preferences and pregnancy/birth stress events in a nonclinical sample of school-aged children. Journal of Clinical and Experimental Neuropsychology. 2011;33(1),1-8. doi: 10.1080/13803391003757825.
• 13. Siviero MO, Rysovas EO, Juliano Y, Del Porto JA, Bertolucci PHF et al. Eye-hand Preference dissociation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and Dyslexia. Arqiuvos de Neuropsiquiatria. 2002;60(2-A): 242-5. doi: 10.1590/S0004-282X2002000200011.
• 14. Tonnessen FE, Lokken A, Hoien T, Lundberg I. Dyslexia, Left-handedness, and Immune Disorders. Archieves of Neurology. 1993;50(4):411–6. doi:10.1001/archneur.1993.00540040063016.
• 15. Rosa Neto F, Camargo Xavier RF Santos APN, Amaro KN, Florêncio R, Poeta LS A. lateralidade cruzada e o desempenho da leitura e escrita em escolares. Revista CEFAC. 2013;15(4):864-72. doi: 10.1590/S1516-18462013000400015.
• 16. Brandler WM and Paracchini S The genetic relationship between handedness and neurodevelopmental disorders. Trends in Molecular Medicine. 2014;20(2):83-90. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2013.10.008.
• 17. Guibert C, Maumet C, Jannin P, Ferré JC, Tréguier C, Barillot C et al. Abnormal functional lateralization and activity of language brain areas in typical specific language impairment (developmental dysphasia). Brain. 2011;134(10):3044–58. doi: 10.1093/brain/awr141.
• 18. Ors M, Ryding E, Lindgren M, Gustafsson P, Blennow G, Rosen I. Spect Findings in Children with Specific Language Impairment. Cortex. 2005;41(3):316-26. doi:10.1016/S0010-9452(08)70269-7.
• 19. Newbury DF, Paracchini S, Scerri TS, Winchester L, Addis L, Richardson AJ et al. Investigation of Dyslexia and SLI Risk Variants in Reading and Language Impaired Subjects. Behavior Genetics. 2011;41:90–104. doi:10.1007/s10519-010-9424-3.
• 20. Reid HM, Norvilitis JM. Evidence for anomalous lateralization across domain in ADHD children as well as adults identified with the Wender Utah rating scale. Journal of Pychiatric Research. 2000;34(4-5): 311-16. doi: 10.1016/S0022-3956(00)00027-3.
• 21. Zou H, Yang J. Exploring the Brain Lateralization in ADHD Based on Variability of Resting-State fMRI Signal. Journal of Attention Disorders. 2021;25(2):258-64. doi: 10.1177/1087054718816170. Epub 2018 Dec 6. PMID: 30520697.
• 22. Rodriguez A, Waldenström U. Fetal origins of child non right handedness and mental health. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. 2008;49(9):967-76. doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7610.2008.01923.x.
• 23. Pila-Nemutandani RG, Pillay BJ, Meyer A. Lateralization in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder. African Journal of Physical Activity and Health Sciences. 2018;4(3):299-315. https://hdl.handle.net/10520/EJC-10ee1cd01f
• 24. Tran US, Voracek M. Footedness Is Associated With ADHD Symptoms in the Adult General Population. Journal of Attention Disorders. 2015;22(3):261-8. doi:10.1177/1087054715586570.
• 25. Ghanizadeh A. Lack of Association of Handedness With Inattention and Hyperactivity Symptoms in ADHD. Journal of Attention Disordiers. 2012;17(4):302-7. doi:10.1177/1087054711429789.