An Examination of the 2D:4D Ratio, Handedness and Footedness in Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 249 - 253, 31.12.2023

Orhan Kocaman , Tayfun Kara , Pınar Aydoğan Avşar , Tacettin Kuru

https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.1393223

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Aim: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental condition more common in boys than girls, although this gender variation has yet to be explained. The purpose of this study was to examine hand 2D:4D ratios and their association with ADHD. The study was also intended to compare hand 2D:4D ratios according to hand and foot dominance in individuals with ADHD.

Methods: 168 children were included in the study, 91 diagnosed with ADHD and 77 healthy volunteers. All participants were evaluated via DSM-5 based psychiatric examinations, and their sociodemographic data were collected using forms prepared by the authors. The participants’ ADHD symptoms were assessed using the Conners’ Parent Rating Scale-Revised Short Form. 2D:4D ratios were determined by measuring the lengths of the bilateral second and fourth fingers using a digital compass. Hand and foot dominances were determined by evaluation in a clinical setting. The scores obtained were then compared.

Results: Lower right and left hand 2D:4D ratios were determined in the individuals with ADHD than in the healthy controls (p=0.001 for both). No correlation was found between ADHD subscales and right or left hand 2D:4D ratios in the case group. No differences in 2D:4D ratios were also observed according to hand and foot dominances in the case group.

Conclusion: This study produced important findings concerning whether hand 2D:4D ratios can be used as a marker of ADHD. We think that the data obtained may be of assistance to other studies assessing the phenotype characteristics of individuals with ADHD.

Keywords

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 2D:4D ratio, handedness, footedness

Ethical Statement

In this study, national and international ethical rules are observed.

Dikkat Eksikliği ve Hiperaktivite Bozukluğu Olan Çocuk ve Ergenlerde 2d:4d Oranı, El ve Ayak Dominansının İncelenmesi

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada fetal testosteron maruziyetinin göstergesi olan el 2D:4D oranları ile DEHB arasındaki ilişkinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Ayrıca DEHB olanlarda el ve ayak tercihlerine göre el 2D:4D oranlarının karşılaştırılması amaçlanmıştır.

Yöntem: Çalışmaya 91 DEHB tanılı ve 77 sağlıklı gönüllü olmak üzere 168 katılımcı ergen alındı. Tüm katılımcılar DSM-5 temelli psikiyatrik muayene ile değerlendirildi ve sosyodemografik verileri araştırmacılar tarafında hazırlanan formlar ile elde edildi. Katılımcıların DEHB belirtileri Conners Anababa Dereceleme Ölçeği-Yenilenmiş Kısa Form (CADÖ-YK) ile değerlendirildi. 2D:4D oranları, her iki elin 2. ve 4. parmak uzunlukları dijital kumpas ile ölçülerek belirlendi. El ve ayak tercihleri klinik ortamda değerlendirilerek belirlendi. Elde edilen skorlar istatistiksel olarak karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: DEHB olan bireylerde sağlıklı kontrollere göre sağ ve sol elde daha düşük 2D:4D oranları saptandı (sırasıyla p=0,001, p=0,001). Olgu grubunda DEHB alt ölçekleri ile sağ ve sol el 2D:4D oranları arasında ilişki bulunmadı (p>0.05). Olgu grubunda 2D:4D oranları ile el ve ayak tercihleri arasında fark saptanmadı (p>0.05).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızda 2D:4D oranlarının DEHB de bir belirteç olarak kullanılabileceğine dair önemli sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Elde ettiğimiz veriler gelecekte DEHB li bireylerin fenotipik özelliklerini değerlendiren diğer çalışmalara katkıda bulunabileceği kanaatindeyiz.

Keywords

Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, 2D:4D Oranı, el tercihi, ayak tercihi

Ethical Statement

Bu çalışmada ulusal ve uluslararası etik kurallara uyulmuştur.

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