Framing the Study of Digital Religion: Waves of Academic Research, Theoretical Approaches and Themes

Year 2023, , 137 - 166, 28.12.2023

Yunus Ergen

https://doi.org/10.47951/mediad.1363608

Abstract

The phenomenon of “digital religion” has emerged as a research field over the past quarter century as religious experiences integrate into the digital sphere. Within this field, researchers have adopted various theoretical frameworks and empirical methodologies to illuminate the complex dynamics that arise from the interaction between digital culture and religion. However, the existing literature on this topic is characterized by fragmentation, which makes a comprehensive understanding of its trajectory difficult. This fragmentation is particularly noticeable in the absence of a coherent narrative that outlines the field’s development. This study aims to provide a scholarly framework for understanding the trajectory of Digital Religion Studies (DRSs), encompassing successive waves of academic research, theoretical paradigms, and thematic foci. This study provides a qualitative assessment of existing literature on the relationship between digital culture and religion through a comprehensive review. A thorough literature review reveals that research in the field of digital religion can be classified into four distinct phases: descriptive, categorical, theoretical, and integrative. The prominent theoretical frameworks that have emerged media ecology, mediation, mediatization, religious-social shaping of technology (RSST), and hypermediation. Finally, the thematic categorization of research primarily revolves around topics, such as rituals, authenticity, identity, community, authority, and embodiment.

Keywords

Digital Religion, Research Waves, Theoretical Approaches, Themes

Dijital Din Çalışmalarını Çerçevelemek: Akademik Araştırma Dalgaları, Teorik Yaklaşımlar ve Temalar

Abstract

Dini yaşamın dijital bir hüviyete bürünmesiyle birlikte dijital din olgusu oluşmaya başlamıştır. Son çeyrek asırda gelişim kaydederek olgunlaşan bu olgunun aynı zamanda akademik bir araştırma sahasına dönüştüğü de aşikârdır. Bu sahada çalışma yürüten araştırmacılar dijital kültür ve din etkileşiminden doğan problemlerin çözümüne yönelik çeşitli araştırmalar yürüterek teorik ve ampirik yaklaşımlar ile farklı temalar geliştirmişlerdir. Ne var ki konuyla ilgili mevcut literatür, yörüngesinin kapsamlı bir şekilde anlaşılmasını zorlaştıran bir parçalanma ile karakterize edilmektedir. Bu parçalanmışlık, özellikle alanın gelişimini özetleyen tutarlı bir anlatının yokluğunda kolaylıkla fark edilmektedir. Buradan hareketle bu makale, birbirini takip eden akademik araştırma dalgalarını, teorik paradigmaları ve tematik odakları kapsayan dijital din çalışmalarının yörüngesini anlamak için bilimsel bir çerçeve sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda makalede, dijital kültür ve din ilişkisini inceleyen mevcut literatürün kapsamlı bir incelemesi yapılarak niteliksel bir değerlendirme gerçekleştirilmiştir. Literatürün kapsamlı incelemesi sonucunda, söz konusu sahadaki araştırmaların tanımlayıcı, metodolojik, teorik ve bütünleşik olmak üzere dört ayrı dalga halinde kategorize edildiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ortaya çıkan kayda değer teorik yaklaşımlar arasında medya ekolojisi, dolayımlama, medyatikleşme, teknolojinin dini-toplumsal şekillenmesi ve hiperdolayımlama yer almaktadır. Son olarak, araştırmaların tematik kategorizasyonunun ağırlıklı olarak ritüel, otantiklik, kimlik, topluluk, otorite ve somutlaşma olmak üzere altı tema etrafında irdelendiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Dijital Din, Araştırma Dalgaları, Teorik Yaklaşımlar, Temalar

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