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Bakmak Eylemi ve Söylem İşlevleri: Eşdizimlilik Örüntülerinin Gösterdikleri

Year 2017, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 85 - 107, 15.07.2017

Abstract

Görsel algı eylemi olan bakmak
eyleminin buyrum ve istek çekimli biçimleri anlam aşınması sonucu algı anlamı
aktarmaktan uzaklaşarak birer söylem işaretleyicisi işlevleriyle kullanılmaya
başlamıştır. Ruhi (2011) Sözlü Türkçe
Derlemi
verisi ile yaptığı çalışmada, 2. tekil buyrum biçimlerinin (bak, bak-sana) öncelikli olarak söylemde
konuşucu için dikkat çekmek amaçlı bir dikkat çağırısı ve vurgulama işlevi gösterdiğini,
1. tekil (bak-ayım) ve 1. çoğul (bak-alım) istek biçimlerinin ise konu
başlatma ve konuşma sonlandırma işlevleriyle kullanıldıklarını belirler. Bu
çalışma, sözlü birleşeni de olan daha büyük kapsamlı derlem (Türkçe Ulusal Derlemi) verisinden bakmak eyleminin buyrum biçiminin örneklerin
sunduğu görünümlerini saptamayı ve dikkat ve ünlem işlevlerinin çeşitlenmelerini,
kullanım bağlamlarını incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Söylemdeki görünümler ile sayısal
değerlerin birlikte incelenmesi daha ayrıntılı sözeylem çalışmaları için temel
veri setlerini sunacaktır.

References

  • Aikhenvald, A.Y. (2010). Imperatives and commands. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Aksan, Y. & Demirhan, U. U. (2015). Expressions of gratitude in the Turkish National Corpus. In Ş. Ruhi & Y. Aksan (Eds.), Exploring (Im)politeness in Specialized and General Corpora: Converging Methodologies and Analytic Procedures (pp. 121-172). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Aksan, Y., Aksan, M., Koltuksuz, A., Sezer, T., Mersinli, Ü., Demirhan, U. U., Yılmazer, H., Kurtoğlu, Ö., Atasoy, G., Öz, S., & Yıldız, İ. (2012). Construction of the Turkish National Corpus (TNC). In N. Calzolari, K. Choukri, T. Declerck et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC) (pp. 3223-3227). İstanbul, Turkey: LREC 2012.
  • Aksan, Y., Aksan, M., Özel, S. A., Yılmazer, H., Demirhan, U. U., Mersinli, Ü., Bektaş, Y., & Altunay, S. (2016). Web tabanlı Türkçe Ulusal Derlemi (TUD). In M. Akgül, U. Çağlayan, E. Derman & A. Özgit (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th Academic Computing Conference (pp. 723-730). İstanbul: Gamze Yayıncılık.
  • Brinton, L. (2001) From matrix clause to pragmatic marker. Journal of Historical Linguistics, 2(2), 177-199.
  • Dobric, N. (2015). Three-factor prototypicality evaluation and the verb look. Language Sciences, 50, 1-11.
  • Gisborne, N. (2010). The event structure of perception verbs. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hardie, A. (2013). CQPweb — combining power, flexibility and usability in a corpus analysis tool. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 17(3), 380-409.
  • Hoffman, S., Evert, S., Smith, N., Lee, D., & Prytz, Y. B. (2008). Corpus linguistics with BNCweb – A practical guide. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Jay, M. & M. Kissine (2014). Imperatives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kornfilt, J. (1997). Turkish. London: Routledge.
  • König, E. & Siemund, P. (2007). Speech act distinctions in grammar, T. Shopen (Eds.) in Language Typology and Syntactic Description Second edition Volume I: Clause Structure, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 276-324.
  • Ruhi, Ş. (2011). LOOK as an expression of procedural meaning in directives in Turkish: Evidence from the Spoken Turkish Corpus. Paper presented at 6th International Symposium on Politeness, 11-13 July, 2011, METU.
  • Stefanowitch, A. & Gries, S. (2003). Collostructions: Investigating the interaction of words and constructions. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 8(2): 209–243.
  • Sweester, E. (1991). From etymology to pragmatics. Metaphorical and cultural aspects of semantic structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Takahashi, H. (2010). A cognitive analysis of the English imperative. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Viberg, A. (1984). The verbs of perception: A typological study. In Explorations for Language Universals, B. Butterworth, B. Comrie and O. Dahl (Eds.), 123–162. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Viberg, A. (2001) Swedish verbs of perception from a typological and contrastive perspective. G. A. Gonzales & J.L. MacKenzie (Eds.) Languages and cultures in contrast and comparison. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 123-172.

The Verb Bak- ‘to look’ and its discourse functions: Corpus concordances

Year 2017, Volume: 14 Issue: 2, 85 - 107, 15.07.2017

Abstract



The verb of perception bakmak ‘to look’in Turkish, as with
similar other verbs in other languages, has undergone semantic bleaching. The
result is the frequent use of the verb of perception with a function of a
discourse marker that calls for attention. In a pioneering work, Ruhi (2011)
cites uses of 2nd person singular imperative forms of bakmak in Turkish spoken discourse (bak-, bak-sana) and identifies their uses for catching attention and
emphasizing a point. She further notes that the volitional forms of the same
verb (bak-ayım and bak-alım) also serve to indicate a
pre-sequence to a leaves taking and topic closure. This paper will extract
corpus citation of imperative forms from a larger corpus of contemporary
Turkish called Turkish National Corpus (TNC) and will review the interjection
functions of these forms in their contexts of use.

References

  • Aikhenvald, A.Y. (2010). Imperatives and commands. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Aksan, Y. & Demirhan, U. U. (2015). Expressions of gratitude in the Turkish National Corpus. In Ş. Ruhi & Y. Aksan (Eds.), Exploring (Im)politeness in Specialized and General Corpora: Converging Methodologies and Analytic Procedures (pp. 121-172). Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  • Aksan, Y., Aksan, M., Koltuksuz, A., Sezer, T., Mersinli, Ü., Demirhan, U. U., Yılmazer, H., Kurtoğlu, Ö., Atasoy, G., Öz, S., & Yıldız, İ. (2012). Construction of the Turkish National Corpus (TNC). In N. Calzolari, K. Choukri, T. Declerck et al. (Eds.), Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC) (pp. 3223-3227). İstanbul, Turkey: LREC 2012.
  • Aksan, Y., Aksan, M., Özel, S. A., Yılmazer, H., Demirhan, U. U., Mersinli, Ü., Bektaş, Y., & Altunay, S. (2016). Web tabanlı Türkçe Ulusal Derlemi (TUD). In M. Akgül, U. Çağlayan, E. Derman & A. Özgit (Eds.), Proceedings of the 16th Academic Computing Conference (pp. 723-730). İstanbul: Gamze Yayıncılık.
  • Brinton, L. (2001) From matrix clause to pragmatic marker. Journal of Historical Linguistics, 2(2), 177-199.
  • Dobric, N. (2015). Three-factor prototypicality evaluation and the verb look. Language Sciences, 50, 1-11.
  • Gisborne, N. (2010). The event structure of perception verbs. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
  • Hardie, A. (2013). CQPweb — combining power, flexibility and usability in a corpus analysis tool. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics, 17(3), 380-409.
  • Hoffman, S., Evert, S., Smith, N., Lee, D., & Prytz, Y. B. (2008). Corpus linguistics with BNCweb – A practical guide. Frankfurt: Peter Lang.
  • Jay, M. & M. Kissine (2014). Imperatives. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Kornfilt, J. (1997). Turkish. London: Routledge.
  • König, E. & Siemund, P. (2007). Speech act distinctions in grammar, T. Shopen (Eds.) in Language Typology and Syntactic Description Second edition Volume I: Clause Structure, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 276-324.
  • Ruhi, Ş. (2011). LOOK as an expression of procedural meaning in directives in Turkish: Evidence from the Spoken Turkish Corpus. Paper presented at 6th International Symposium on Politeness, 11-13 July, 2011, METU.
  • Stefanowitch, A. & Gries, S. (2003). Collostructions: Investigating the interaction of words and constructions. International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 8(2): 209–243.
  • Sweester, E. (1991). From etymology to pragmatics. Metaphorical and cultural aspects of semantic structure. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Takahashi, H. (2010). A cognitive analysis of the English imperative. Amsterdam: John Benjamins.
  • Viberg, A. (1984). The verbs of perception: A typological study. In Explorations for Language Universals, B. Butterworth, B. Comrie and O. Dahl (Eds.), 123–162. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
  • Viberg, A. (2001) Swedish verbs of perception from a typological and contrastive perspective. G. A. Gonzales & J.L. MacKenzie (Eds.) Languages and cultures in contrast and comparison. Amsterdam: John Benjamins, 123-172.
There are 18 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Makaleler
Authors

Mustafa Aksan

Umut Ufuk Demirhan

Publication Date July 15, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017 Volume: 14 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Aksan, M., & Demirhan, U. U. (2017). Bakmak Eylemi ve Söylem İşlevleri: Eşdizimlilik Örüntülerinin Gösterdikleri. Dil Ve Edebiyat Dergisi, 14(2), 85-107.