TİP 1 diabetes mellitus’lu bireylerde yeme davranışı bozukluğu: Diyabulimia

Year 2018, Volume: 11 Issue: 3, 366 - 375, 25.12.2018

Gülsüm Şahin , Yasemin Atik Altınok Alev Keser

https://doi.org/10.26559/mersinsbd.365270

Cited By: 5

Abstract

Tip 1 diabetes mellitus (Tip 1 DM), tedavisinde beslenmenin
önemli rol oynadığı, prevalansı gün geçtikçe artan metabolik bir bozukluktur.
Öğün planları, öğün saatleri ve yasak yiyecek kavramı, diyabetli bireylerin
zihnini sürekli meşgul edip vücut ağırlığı kontrolü üzerine düşünmelerine neden
olabilmektedir. Bu durum özellikle Tip 1 DM’li kız adölesanlarda yeme davranışı
bozukluğu insidansını artırabilmektedir. Oluşumunda genetik, biyolojik ve
çevresel faktörlerin rol oynadığı düşünülen
ve henüz DSM-V sınıflandırmasında yer almayan ‘diyabulimia’, Tip 1 DM’li
bireylerin ağırlık kontrolünü sağlamak amacıyla insülin dozunu azaltması veya
bilinçli olarak atlaması olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Diyabulimia,
diyabete bağlı komplikasyon riskini ve mortalite oranını artırmakla birlikte
geç puberteye, düzensiz menstrüasyon siklusuna, anksiyete problemlerine,
depresif ataklara ve intihar girişimine neden olabilmektedir. Diyabulimia
tedavisi diğer yeme davranışı bozukluklarında olduğu gibi alanında uzman
doktor, psikiyatr, diyetisyen, hemşire ve psikoloğu içeren multidisipliner bir
ekip çalışmasını gerektirmektedir. Tedavinin uzun sürmesi ve hastalığın
tekrarlama riskinin son derece yüksek olması nedeniyle, bu konuda duyarlı
olunması ve gelişiminin önlenmesi oldukça önemlidir. Diyabetliler arasında
tanısı henüz konulamamış diyabulimia vakalarının olduğu tahmin edilmektedir. Bu
nedenle derleme olarak hazırlanan bu makalede, diyabulimianın diyetisyen
perspektifinden tedavisinin ve izleminin literatür ışığında tartışılması ve
sağlık personelinin konu ile ilgili farkındalığının artırılması amaçlanmıştır. 

Keywords

Tip 1 diabetes mellitus, adölesan, diyabulimia, yeme davranışı bozukluğu

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