Amaç: Zihinsel
engellilikte fiziksel, bilişsel, duygusal, zihinsel alanda yaşanan farklılıklar
cinsel gelişimi etkileyebilmektedir. Yapılan çalışmada zihinsel engelli kız ve
erkek çocukların cinsel gelişim özellikleri ile ergenliğe geçişte yaşadıkları
fiziksel, ruhsal değişimlerin belirlenmesi ve ailelerin yaşadığı güçlüklerin
değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem:
Mersin merkezde 25.05/15.06.2018’de yapılan tanımlayıcı nitelikteki çalışmaya
özel eğitim uygulama merkezlerine devam eden 100 zihinsel engelli çocuğun
ailesi katılmıştır. Mektup yoluyla toplanan anketlerden elde edilen veriler bir
bilgisayar programı ile sayı, yüzde, ortanca ile çözümlenmiştir. Bulgular: Ergenlerin yaş ortancası 16 (14-18)
yıl, %52.2’si kızdır. Erkeklerde birincil ve ikincil seks karakterleri
gelişiminin yaş ortancası 13 ve 15 yaş, kızlarda ise sırasıyla 13 ve 12 yaştır.
35 kız öğrenciden yedisinin (%14.9) sorunsuz şekilde ped kullanımını bildiği
ifade edilmiştir. Menarş ve ejekülasyonda sonra çocuklar sıklıkla utanma,
suçluluk, korku yaşamıştır. 82 ebeveynin %5.6’sı, çocuklarının bu dönemde
bilgilendirilmesinin gerekli olmadığını düşünürken, sadece 16’sı (%17.8)
çocuklarına cinsel eğitim vermiştir. Ebeveynlerin yarıdan fazlası çocuklarının
cinsellikle ilgili sorularına cevap veremediğini belirtirken, en çok
karşılaştığı zorlukları danışabileceği uzmanın olmaması (31 kişi, %34.4) ve
çocuğuna yeterince açık davranıp yakınlık gösterememe (19 kişi, %21.1) olarak
belirtmiştir. Sonuç ve öneriler:
Zihinsel engelli ergenlerin cinsel gelişimi gecikmeli olarak meydana gelmiştir.
Ailelerin cinsel eğitim konusundaki bilgileri sınırlıdır. Zihinsel engellilik
yaşayan çocuklara mastürbasyon, ped değişimi gibi konuların yer aldığı üreme
sağlığı eğitimlerinin verilmesi, ailelerin cinsel eğitim konusunda
yetkinliklerinin geliştirilmesi önerilir.
Objective:
Physical, cognitive, emotional, mental deficiencies and limitations with
ıntellectual disabilities may affect sexual development of adolescent with
intellectual disabilites. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the physical,
mental, sexual development characteristics of the ıntellectually disabled boys
and girls and the difficulties experienced by the parents. Methods: The descriptive study was conducted between 25.05.2018 and
15.06.2018 in Mersin center by the parents of 100 adolescent with intellectual
disabilities attending special training centers. The data obtained from the
questionnaires collected through the letter. Data were analyzed by a computer
programme with number, percentage, median. Results:
The median age of the adolescents was 16 (14-18) years and 52.2% were female.
The median age of primary and secondary sex characteristics in intellectual
disabled boys were 13 and 15, respectively; 13 and 12 in girls. It was reported
that 14.9% of girls knowing the use of pads without any problem. After menarche
and ejaculation, children often experienced shame, guilt and fear. 5.6% of the
82 parents thought that it wasn’t necessary to inform their children about
sexuality, while only 17.8% of the parents gave sexual education. While more
than half of the parents stated that they couldn’t answer their children’s
questions about sexuality, the most common difficulties were lack of experts
(34.4%) and not to be close to their children (21.1%). Conclusion: The sexual development of intellectual disabled
adolescents was delayed. The parents of adolescent with intellectual
disabilities have limited competencies in sexuality education. Reproductive
health education such as masturbation and pad replacement should be given to
adolescents with intellectually disabled and to improve their parents’
competencies in sexuality
education.
Primary Language | Turkish |
---|---|
Subjects | Health Care Administration |
Journal Section | Articles |
Authors | |
Publication Date | December 31, 2019 |
Submission Date | April 15, 2019 |
Acceptance Date | July 29, 2019 |
Published in Issue | Year 2019 Volume: 12 Issue: 3 |
MEU Journal of Health Sciences Assoc was began to the publishing process in 2008 under the supervision of Assoc. Prof. Gönül Aslan, Editor-in-Chief, and affiliated to Mersin University Institute of Health Sciences. In March 2015, Prof. Dr. Caferi Tayyar Şaşmaz undertook the Editor-in Chief position and since then he has been in charge.
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