THE IMPACT OF CORONAVIRUS DISEASE (COVID-19) PANDEMIC ON CRUISE INDUSTRY: CASE OF DIAMOND PRINCESS CRUISE SHIP

Year 2020, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 32 - 37, 30.06.2020

İlhan Ege

Abstract

World economic system is global and also cruise industry is rapidly growth in recent years. Global virus pandemics such as Spanish, Asian and Hong Kong Flus in 20th century, H1N1 and SARS viruses in 21th century are occurred and infected millions of people in the world. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic started in Wuhan City, China on 31 December 2019. This study’s aim is to determine the impact of this pandemic on cruise industry and examine a case of Diamond Princess Cruise ship. The methodology of this study is qualitative case study methodology. According to the findings of this study, pandemics are quickly spread in ships. And because of this, pandemics are important for cruise industry and cruise industry must be taking preventive and proactive precautions.

Keywords

Coronavirus Pandemic, Covid-19, Tourism, Cruise Industry, Diamond Princess

References

• Bayrakdaroglu, A. and I. Ege (2007), “Teknolojik gelişme, IMKB ve NASDAQ’da islem goren teknoloji sirketlerinin finansal analizi”, 6. Bilgi, Ekonomi ve Yonetim Ulusararası Kongresi, İstanbul Universitesi, İstanbul.
• Bert, Fabrizio & Scaioli, Giacomo & Gualano, Maria & Passi, Stefano & Specchia, Maria & Cadeddu, Chiara & Viglianchino, Cristina & Siliquini, Roberta. (2014). “Norovirus outbreaks on commercial cruise ships: a systematic review and new targets for the public health agenda”. Food and environmental virology. 6.
• Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2019), CDC’s Role in Helping Cruise Ship Travelers during The COVID-19 Pandemic, https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/travelers/cruise-ship/what-cdc-is-doing.html [Accessed 07 May 2020].
• Couper, A. (2000) “Implications of maritime globalization for the crews of merchant ships”. Journal for Maritime Research, 2:1, pp. 1-8.
• Dwyer, L. & Forsyth, P. (1998). “Estimating the employment impacts of tourism to a nation”. Tourism Recreation Research. 23. 3-12. 10.1080/02508281.1998.11014833.
• Ece, N. (2018). “Uluslararası ticaretin geleceği insansız gemiler: GZFT analizi ve hukuki boyutları”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 10 (2) , pp. 279-302.
• Ege, I. (2007), “1997 Güney asya finansal krizi ve güney asya ülkelerinde emeklilik sistemi reformları: Türkiye ve güney asya ülkeleri bireysel emeklilik sistemlerinin karşılaştırılması”, 38. ICANAS, International Congress of Asian and North African Studies, 10-15.09.2007, Ankara, Turkey.
• Grossman, G. M. and E. Helpman (2001), Innovation and Growth in the Global Economy, MIT Press Cambridge, Massachusetts London, England.
• Hussein, Sara (2020), 19 February, Diamond Princess: the quarantined cruise ship by the numbers, Agence-France Presse, 19 February.
• Lillie, N. (2006), A Global Union for Global Workers, Collective Bargaining and Regulatory Politics in Maritime Shipping, Routledge, New York.
• Lim, P. L. (2011), “Influenza and SARS: the impact of viral pandemics on maritime health”, International Maritime Health, pp. 170-175.
• Marti, B. E. (2004). “Trends in world and extended-length cruising (1985-2002)”. Marine Policy, 28: 199–211.
• Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, “Globalization.” https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/globalization. Accessed 12 May. 2020.
• National Institute of Infectious Diseases (2020), Field Briefing: Diamond Princess COVİD-19 Cases, https://www.niid.go.jp/niid/en/2019-ncov-e/9407-covid-dp-fe-01.html [Accessed 08 April 2020].
• Rossi, Ugo and Alberto Vanolo (2015), Urban Neoliberalism, International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences (Second Edition), pp. 846-853.
• Seascanner, 2018, https://www.seascanner.com/deckplan-diamond-princess [Accessed 14 April 2019].
• Smith, Kathy (2020), Cruise Industry Outlook: Steady AS She Goes, The Maritime Executive, June 11, https://www.maritime-executive.com/features/cruise-industry-outlook-steady-as-she-goes
• The Dailymail (2020), How Coronavirus Has Caused Cruise Ship Chaos, https://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-8077471/How-coronavirus-caused-cruise-ship-chaos-world.html [Accessed 16 April 2020].
• The Diplomat, https://thediplomat.com/2020/02/the-ordeal-of-the-diamond-princess-crew/ [Accessed 06 Apr 2020].
• The Economist 1843, The Coronavirus Cruise: On Board the Diamond Princess https://www.1843magazine.com/features/the-coronavirus-cruise-on-board-the-diamond-princess [Accessed 01 May 2020].
• The Guardian (2020), https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2020/apr/30/no-end-in-sight-100000-crew-on-cruise-ships-stranded-at-sea-coronavirus [Accessed 12 April 2020].
• The Princess, (2020), https://www.princess.com/news/notices_and_advisories/diamond/diamond-princess-coronavirus-qa.html [Accessed 21 April 2020].
• The Straits Times (2020), 3700 Stuck on Cruise Ship and Longing for Fresh Air Longinghttps://www.straitstimes.com/singapore/3700-stuck-on-cruise-ship-and-longing-for-fresh-air [Accessed 04 May 2020].
• Verhoef L, Depoortere E, Boxman I, et al (2008). “Emergence of new norovirus variants on spring cruise ships and prediction of winter epidemics”. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 14 (2): pp. 238-243.
• Wen, J., Kozak, M., Yang, S. and Liu, F. (2020), “COVID-19: potential effects on Chinese citizens’ lifestyle and travel”, Tourism Review, Vol. ahead-of-print No. ahead-of-print.
• Wie, B.-W. (2004). “Open-loop and closed-loop models of dynamic oligopoly in the cruise line industry”. Asia-Pacific Journal of Operational Research, 21(4): pp. 517–541.
• World Health Organization (2019), http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/health-emergencies/coronavirus-covid-19/novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov [Accessed 08 April 2020].
• Yılmaz, F. and Onacan, M. (2019). “Otonom gemi teknolojisine dair gelişmeler ile Türk denizcilik ve gemi inşa sektörüne etkileri üzerine nitel bir araştırma”. Dokuz Eylül Üniversitesi Denizcilik Fakültesi Dergisi, 11 (1), pp. 57-86.