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SURİYELİ MÜLTECİ ÖĞRENCİLERİN EĞİTİM YAŞANTILARININ İNCELENMESİ

Year 2021, TÜRKİYE’DE VE DÜNYADA GÖÇMEN EĞİTİMİ, 195 - 219, 22.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.934424

Abstract

Dünya’da meydana gelen savaş, kıtlık ve politik nedenler ile birçok coğrafyada göç hareketleri ve mültecilik toplumları etkileyen bir olgu haline gelmiştir. Göç alan ülkeler için mültecilerin topluma uyumunu sağlamak için onlara sunulacak eğitim hizmetlerinin planlanması oldukça önemlidir. Türkiye çevresindeki gelişmeler sonucunda son yıllarda önemli düzeyde mülteciye ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. Okul çağında olan mülteci bireylere sunulan eğitim hizmetlerinin niteliğinin artması, henüz yeni sayılabilecek bu olgunun paydaşlar tarafından anlaşılması ile mümkün olabilecektir. Bu araştırmada paydaşların gözünden xxx’de yaşayan okul çağındaki mülteci öğrencilerin eğitim deneyimlerinin belirlenmesi ve buna yönelik öneriler geliştirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Araştırma verileri dokuzu öğretmen, ikisi okul yöneticisi, üçü ebeveyn ve altısı öğrenci olmak üzere 19 katılımcıdan yarı-yapılandırılmış görüşmeler yoluyla toplanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen tümevarım analizi sonucunda beş temaya ulaşılmıştır. Bulgular Suriyeli mülteci öğrencilerin davranış, sosyal ve akademik özellikler açısından sorun yaşadıklarını ortaya koymaktadır. Öğretmenler ve okul müdürleri adrese dayalı okul kayıt sistemini mültecilerin mülteci olmayan akranlarıyla eğitim görmesi önünde bir engel olarak nitelendirmekte ve bu uygulamanın okuldaki mülteci öğrenci yoğunluğunu arttırarak eğitimin niteliği düşürdüğünü ifade etmektedirler. Mülteci öğrencilerin ebeveynleri ise genel olarak çocuklarına sunulan eğitimi yeterli bulmaktadırlar. Paydaşların mülteci eğitimine yönelik önerileri mülteci öğrencilere Türkçe öğretiminin gerçekleştirilmesi, psikolojik desteklerin sunulması, eğitim sunan öğretmenlerin mülteci eğitimine yönelik materyal ve seminerlerle desteklenmesi ve ebeveynlere yönelik aile eğitimi çalışmalarının gerçekleştirilmesi olarak sıralanabilir.

Supporting Institution

Anadolu Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri

Project Number

1904E089

Thanks

Bu araştırmada katılımcı olan Suriyeli mülteci ailelere, çocuklarına ve öğretmenlerine teşekkür ederiz. Araştırma izinlerini sağlayan Eskişehir İl Milli Eğitim Müdürlüğüne, Eskişehir Ziya Gökalp İlkokulu Müdürlüğüne, araştırmayı bilimsel araştırma projeleri kapsamında destekleyen Anadolu Üniversitesine sonsuz teşekkürlerimizi sunarız.

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.) https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
  • American Psychological Association. (2010). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/principles.pdf. Washington, DC: America. (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020).
  • Aras, B., & Yasun, S. (2016). The educational opportunities and challenges of Syrian refugee students in Turkey: Temporary education centers and beyond. IPC-MERCATOR POLICY BRIEF. Arslan, A. (2011). A new group about teaching Turkish to foreigners: refugees and refugee students. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(21), 1011-1017.
  • Avrupa Komisyonu. (2018). Komisyon Tarafından Avrupa Parlamentosuna, Konseye, Ekonomik ve Sosyal Komiteye ve Bölgeler Komitesine Sunulan Bilgilendirme. Komisyon Çalışma Dokümanı Türkiye Raporu.
  • Aydin, H., & Kaya, Y. (2017). The educational needs of and barriers faced by Syrian refugee students in Turkey: a qualitative case study. Intercultural Education, 28(5), 456-473.
  • Bal, A. (2014). Becoming in/competent learners in the United States: Refugee students’ academic identities in figured worlds of difference. International Multilingual Research Journal, 8(2), 271–290.
  • Bal, A., & Jensen, B. (2007). Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom clusters in Turkish child and adolescent trauma survivors. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 16(7), 449-457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-007-0618-z
  • Bal, A., & Perzigian, A. B. (2013). Evidence-based interventions for immigrant students experiencing behavioral and academic problems: A systematic review of the literature. Education and Treatment of Children, 5-28.
  • Bazeley, P. & Jackson, K. (2013). Qualitative data analysis with NVİVO. London: SAGE. Beltekin, N. (2016). Turkey’s progress toward meeting refugee education needs: The example of Syrian refugees. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 66, 175-190.
  • Berg, B. L. (2009). Qualitative Research Methods for Social Sciences (7. Basım) Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Bircan, T., & Sunata, U. (2015). Educational assessment of Syrian refugees in Turkey. Migration Letters, 12(3), 226-237.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu [UNICEF] (2015). Türkiye’deki Suriyeli çocuklar.URL: http://unicef.org.tr/files/bilgimerkezi/doc/Türkiyedeki%20Suriyeli%20Çocuklar_Bilgi%20Notu%20Kasim%202015.pdf adresinden 1 Aralık2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Mülteciler Yüksek Komiserliği [UNHCR] (2020). Figures at glance. URL: https://www.unhcr.org/en-us/figures-at-a-glance.html adresinden 25 Ekim 20120 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods. (5. Baskı). Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Candappa, M. (2000). The right to education and an adequate standard of living: Refugee children in the UK. Int'l J. Child. Rts., 8, 261.
  • Cole, E. (1998). Immigrant and refugee children: Challenges and opportunities for education and mental health services. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 14(1), 36-50.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (3. Baskı). Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Çelik, Ç., & İçduygu, A. (2019). Schools and refugee children: the case of Syrians in Turkey. International Migration, 57(2), 253-267.
  • Dinçer, O. B., Federici, V., Ferris, E., Karaca, S., Kirişçi, K. ve Çarmıklı, E. Ö. (2013). Suriyeli mülteciler krizi ve Türkiye: Sonu gelmeyen misafirlik. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/USAKBrookings-report-final-version14November13.pdf adresinden 27 Ağustos 2017 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Dogutas, A. (2016). Tackling with refugee children’s problems in Turkish schools. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(8), 1-8.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., and Wallen, N. E. (1990). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. McGraw-Hill.
  • Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., and Airasian, P. W. (2012). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications. Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Gormez, V., Kılıç, H. N., Orengul, A. C., Demir, M. N., Mert, E. B., Makhlouta, B., ... & Semerci, B. (2017). Evaluation of a school-based, teacher-delivered psychological intervention group program for trauma-affected Syrian refugee children in Istanbul, Turkey. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 27(2), 125-131.
  • Güçtürk, Y. (2014). Sürgün ile savaş arasında Suriyeli mülteciler. Ankara: Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Toplum Araştırmaları Vakfı (SETA). URL: https://www.setav.org/5-soru-surgun-ile-savas-arasinda-suriyeli-multeciler/ Eylül 2017 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Holland, D., & Lave, J. (2001). History in person: Enduring struggles, contentious practice, intimate identities. SAR Press.
  • Jalbout, M. (2015). Partnering for a better future: ensuring educational opportunity for all Syrian refugee children and youth in Turkey. Published by Theirworld, A World at School and Global Business Coalition for Education.
  • Kirk, J., & Winthrop, R. (2007). Promoting quality education in refugee contexts: Supporting teacher development in Northern Ethiopia. International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift Für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue Internationale De l'Education, 53(5/6), 715-723.
  • Maegusuku‐Hewett, T., Dunkerley, D., Scourfield, J., & Smalley, N. (2007). Refugee children in Wales: Coping and adaptation in the face of adversity. Children & Society, 21(4), 309-321. Matthews, J. (2008). Schooling and settlement: Refugee education in Australia. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 18(1), 31-45.
  • McCarthy, A. T. (2018). Politics of refugee education: Educational administration of the Syrian refugee crisis in Turkey. Journal of Educational Administration and History, 50(3), 223-238. Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implemention. (2. Baskı). SAGE: London.
  • Ortadoğu Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi [ORSAM] (2015). Suriyeli sığınmacıların Türkiye’ye etkileri. Rapor No: 195, URL: http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/ file/09012015104258.pdf adresinden Haziran 2017 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Özkarslı, F. (2014). Suriye’den Türkiye’ye göç ve Suriyelilerin enformel istihdamı (Mardin Örneği) (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Artuklu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mardin.
  • Rubin, H. J., and Rubin, I. S. (2005). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data. Jossey-Bass:San Francisco.
  • Seidman, İ. (2005). İnterviewing as qualitative research: a guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. 3rd ed. Newyork: Teachers College Press.
  • Seker, B. D., & Sirkeci, I. (2015). Challenges for refugee children at school in Eastern Turkey. Economics & Sociology, 8(4), 122.
  • Sirin, S. R., & Rogers-Sirin, L. (2015). The educational and mental health needs of Syrian refugee children (p. 13). Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.
  • Sullivan, A. L., & Simonson, G. R. (2016). A systematic review of school-based social-emotional interventions for refugee and war-traumatized youth. Review of Educational Research, 86(2), 503-530.
  • Szente, J., Hoot, J., & Taylor, D. (2006). Responding to the special needs of refugee children: Practical ideas for teachers. Early Childhood Education Journal, 34(1), 15-20.
  • Tösten, R., Toprak, M., & Kayan, M. S. (2017). An Investigation of Forcibly Migrated Syrian Refugee Students at Turkish Public Schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(7), 1149-1160.
Year 2021, TÜRKİYE’DE VE DÜNYADA GÖÇMEN EĞİTİMİ, 195 - 219, 22.12.2021
https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.934424

Abstract

Project Number

1904E089

References

  • American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.) https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.books.9780890425596
  • American Psychological Association. (2010). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct. http://www.apa.org/ethics/code/principles.pdf. Washington, DC: America. (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2020).
  • Aras, B., & Yasun, S. (2016). The educational opportunities and challenges of Syrian refugee students in Turkey: Temporary education centers and beyond. IPC-MERCATOR POLICY BRIEF. Arslan, A. (2011). A new group about teaching Turkish to foreigners: refugees and refugee students. Educational Research and Reviews, 6(21), 1011-1017.
  • Avrupa Komisyonu. (2018). Komisyon Tarafından Avrupa Parlamentosuna, Konseye, Ekonomik ve Sosyal Komiteye ve Bölgeler Komitesine Sunulan Bilgilendirme. Komisyon Çalışma Dokümanı Türkiye Raporu.
  • Aydin, H., & Kaya, Y. (2017). The educational needs of and barriers faced by Syrian refugee students in Turkey: a qualitative case study. Intercultural Education, 28(5), 456-473.
  • Bal, A. (2014). Becoming in/competent learners in the United States: Refugee students’ academic identities in figured worlds of difference. International Multilingual Research Journal, 8(2), 271–290.
  • Bal, A., & Jensen, B. (2007). Post-traumatic stress disorder symptom clusters in Turkish child and adolescent trauma survivors. European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 16(7), 449-457. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00787-007-0618-z
  • Bal, A., & Perzigian, A. B. (2013). Evidence-based interventions for immigrant students experiencing behavioral and academic problems: A systematic review of the literature. Education and Treatment of Children, 5-28.
  • Bazeley, P. & Jackson, K. (2013). Qualitative data analysis with NVİVO. London: SAGE. Beltekin, N. (2016). Turkey’s progress toward meeting refugee education needs: The example of Syrian refugees. Eurasian Journal of Educational Research, 66, 175-190.
  • Berg, B. L. (2009). Qualitative Research Methods for Social Sciences (7. Basım) Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
  • Bircan, T., & Sunata, U. (2015). Educational assessment of Syrian refugees in Turkey. Migration Letters, 12(3), 226-237.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Çocuklara Yardım Fonu [UNICEF] (2015). Türkiye’deki Suriyeli çocuklar.URL: http://unicef.org.tr/files/bilgimerkezi/doc/Türkiyedeki%20Suriyeli%20Çocuklar_Bilgi%20Notu%20Kasim%202015.pdf adresinden 1 Aralık2018 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Mülteciler Yüksek Komiserliği [UNHCR] (2020). Figures at glance. URL: https://www.unhcr.org/en-us/figures-at-a-glance.html adresinden 25 Ekim 20120 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Bogdan, R. C., & Biklen, S. K. (2007). Qualitative Research for Education: An Introduction to Theories and Methods. (5. Baskı). Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Candappa, M. (2000). The right to education and an adequate standard of living: Refugee children in the UK. Int'l J. Child. Rts., 8, 261.
  • Cole, E. (1998). Immigrant and refugee children: Challenges and opportunities for education and mental health services. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 14(1), 36-50.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2014). Educational Research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (3. Baskı). Pearson Prentice Hall.
  • Çelik, Ç., & İçduygu, A. (2019). Schools and refugee children: the case of Syrians in Turkey. International Migration, 57(2), 253-267.
  • Dinçer, O. B., Federici, V., Ferris, E., Karaca, S., Kirişçi, K. ve Çarmıklı, E. Ö. (2013). Suriyeli mülteciler krizi ve Türkiye: Sonu gelmeyen misafirlik. URL: https://www.brookings.edu/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/USAKBrookings-report-final-version14November13.pdf adresinden 27 Ağustos 2017 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Dogutas, A. (2016). Tackling with refugee children’s problems in Turkish schools. Journal of Education and Training Studies, 4(8), 1-8.
  • Fraenkel, J. R., and Wallen, N. E. (1990). How to Design and Evaluate Research in Education. McGraw-Hill.
  • Gay, L. R., Mills, G. E., and Airasian, P. W. (2012). Educational Research: Competencies for Analysis and Applications. Pearson Education, Inc.
  • Gormez, V., Kılıç, H. N., Orengul, A. C., Demir, M. N., Mert, E. B., Makhlouta, B., ... & Semerci, B. (2017). Evaluation of a school-based, teacher-delivered psychological intervention group program for trauma-affected Syrian refugee children in Istanbul, Turkey. Psychiatry and Clinical Psychopharmacology, 27(2), 125-131.
  • Güçtürk, Y. (2014). Sürgün ile savaş arasında Suriyeli mülteciler. Ankara: Siyaset, Ekonomi ve Toplum Araştırmaları Vakfı (SETA). URL: https://www.setav.org/5-soru-surgun-ile-savas-arasinda-suriyeli-multeciler/ Eylül 2017 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Holland, D., & Lave, J. (2001). History in person: Enduring struggles, contentious practice, intimate identities. SAR Press.
  • Jalbout, M. (2015). Partnering for a better future: ensuring educational opportunity for all Syrian refugee children and youth in Turkey. Published by Theirworld, A World at School and Global Business Coalition for Education.
  • Kirk, J., & Winthrop, R. (2007). Promoting quality education in refugee contexts: Supporting teacher development in Northern Ethiopia. International Review of Education/Internationale Zeitschrift Für Erziehungswissenschaft/Revue Internationale De l'Education, 53(5/6), 715-723.
  • Maegusuku‐Hewett, T., Dunkerley, D., Scourfield, J., & Smalley, N. (2007). Refugee children in Wales: Coping and adaptation in the face of adversity. Children & Society, 21(4), 309-321. Matthews, J. (2008). Schooling and settlement: Refugee education in Australia. International Studies in Sociology of Education, 18(1), 31-45.
  • McCarthy, A. T. (2018). Politics of refugee education: Educational administration of the Syrian refugee crisis in Turkey. Journal of Educational Administration and History, 50(3), 223-238. Merriam, S. B. (2009). Qualitative research: A guide to design and implemention. (2. Baskı). SAGE: London.
  • Ortadoğu Stratejik Araştırmalar Merkezi [ORSAM] (2015). Suriyeli sığınmacıların Türkiye’ye etkileri. Rapor No: 195, URL: http://www.tesev.org.tr/assets/publications/ file/09012015104258.pdf adresinden Haziran 2017 tarihinde erişilmiştir.
  • Özkarslı, F. (2014). Suriye’den Türkiye’ye göç ve Suriyelilerin enformel istihdamı (Mardin Örneği) (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Artuklu Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Mardin.
  • Rubin, H. J., and Rubin, I. S. (2005). Qualitative interviewing: The art of hearing data. Jossey-Bass:San Francisco.
  • Seidman, İ. (2005). İnterviewing as qualitative research: a guide for researchers in education and the social sciences. 3rd ed. Newyork: Teachers College Press.
  • Seker, B. D., & Sirkeci, I. (2015). Challenges for refugee children at school in Eastern Turkey. Economics & Sociology, 8(4), 122.
  • Sirin, S. R., & Rogers-Sirin, L. (2015). The educational and mental health needs of Syrian refugee children (p. 13). Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute.
  • Sullivan, A. L., & Simonson, G. R. (2016). A systematic review of school-based social-emotional interventions for refugee and war-traumatized youth. Review of Educational Research, 86(2), 503-530.
  • Szente, J., Hoot, J., & Taylor, D. (2006). Responding to the special needs of refugee children: Practical ideas for teachers. Early Childhood Education Journal, 34(1), 15-20.
  • Tösten, R., Toprak, M., & Kayan, M. S. (2017). An Investigation of Forcibly Migrated Syrian Refugee Students at Turkish Public Schools. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(7), 1149-1160.
There are 38 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Atilla Cavkaytar 0000-0001-8067-1602

Aydın Bal 0000-0001-7246-5876

Tahir Mete Artar 0000-0002-0285-4152

Mustafa Uluyol 0000-0002-1837-9915

Project Number 1904E089
Publication Date December 22, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 TÜRKİYE’DE VE DÜNYADA GÖÇMEN EĞİTİMİ

Cite

APA Cavkaytar, A., Bal, A., Artar, T. M., Uluyol, M. (2021). SURİYELİ MÜLTECİ ÖĞRENCİLERİN EĞİTİM YAŞANTILARININ İNCELENMESİ. Milli Eğitim Dergisi, 50(1), 195-219. https://doi.org/10.37669/milliegitim.934424