Origin, Courses and Distribution of The Phrenic Nerve in The Caucasian Lynx (Lynx lynx dinniki)

Year 2021, , 172 - 178, 23.12.2021

Hasan Hüseyin Arı , Lutfi Takcı , Nilgun Kuru

https://doi.org/10.53518/mjavl.1006501

Abstract

This research was carried out to reveal macroanatomically the origin, course and distribution of nervus phrenicus of Caucasian lynx (Lynx lynx dinniki). For this purpose, after cleaning the vascular system of three female dead animal materials, cadavers were prepared with 10% formaldehyde. Then, the origin, course and distribution of the bilateral nervus phrenicus of these materials were photographed after leaving the canalis vertebralis. It was observed that the ventral branches of the 6th and 7th cervical spinal nerves left the canalis vertebralis, and the nervus phrenicus was formed by the merger of the ventral branches of these nerves at the level of the 8th cervical spinal nerve in the ventral of the spine. It has been determined that the nerve running to the right and left of the trachea in the neck region enters the cavum thoracica, passes between the arteria subclavia dextra and sinistra and vena cava cranialis in the mediastinum craniale and gives a branch to the pericardium in this region. . It was determined that it reaches the mediastium caudale adjacent to the branches of the cava cranialis and aorta via basis cordis in mediastinum medium, where it travels caudally on the face of the lung facing the mediastium, reaches the centrum tendineum. It has been observed that the nervus phrenicus divides into dorsal and ventral branches on the centrum tendineum and distributes to the pars muscularis of the diaphragm. In this study, although the distribution of the nervus phrenicus of the Caucasian lynx is similar in cats, it was determined that the 4th and 5th cervical spinal nerves did not participate in the formation of the nerve, unlike in cats. More research is needed on the course and distribution of the ventral branches of the spinal nerves forming the plexus brachialis in wild animals.

Keywords

Bobcat, anatomy, macroanatomy, phrenic nerve, diaphragm

Kafkas Vaşağında (Lynx lynx dinniki) Nervus Phrenicus’un Orijini, Seyri ve Dağılımı

Abstract

Bu araştırma, Kafkas vaşaklarının (Lynx lynx dinniki) nervus phrenicus’unun orijin, seyir ve dağılımını makroanatomik olarak açığa çıkarmak amacı ile yapılmıştır. Bu amaçla üç dişi ölü hayvan materyalinin damar sistemi temizlendikten sonra %10 formaldehit ile kadavrası hazırlandı. Daha sonra bu materyallerin çift taraflı nervus phrenicus’u canalis vertebralis’ten çıkış yerinde, boyunda ve cavum thoracica’da diseke edildikten sonra sinirin orijini, seyri ve dağılımı fotoğraflanmıştır. Elde edilen resimler fotoğraf işleme programında bilgisayarda işlenerek bu makalede sunulmuştur. Araştırma sonucunda, 6. ve 7. servikal spinal sinirlerin ventral dallarının canalis vertebralis’i terk ettiği, nervus phrenicus’un omurganın ventralinde 8. servikal spinal sinir seviyesinde bu sinirlerin ventral dallarının birleşmesinden oluştuğu görülmüştür. Boyun bölgesinde trachea’nın sağ ve solunda seyreden sinirin apertura thoracica cranialis’ten cavum thoracica’ya girdiği, mediastinum craniale’de arteria subclavia dextra ve sinistra ile vena cava cranialis arasından geçtiği ve bu bölgede pericardium’a bir dal verdiği belirlenmiştir. Mediastinum medium’da basis cordis’in üzerinden, v. cava cranialis ve aorta’nın dallarına komşu olarak mediastium caudale’ye ulaştığı, burada akciğerin mediastinum’a bakan yüzünde caudale doğru seyrederek centrum tendineum’a vardığı ve centrum tendineum’un kubbe bölümünün solundan diaphragma’ya girdiği tespit edilmiştir. Nervus phrenicus’un diaphragma’da centrum tendineum üzerinde dorsal ve ventral dallara ayrılarak diaphrama’nın pars muscularis’ine dağıldığı görülmüştür. Bu araştırmada, Kafkas vaşağının nervus phrenicus’unun boyunda, mediastinum craniale, medium ve caudale’deki seyri ile diaphragma’daki dağılımının kedilerdeki dağılımı benzemesine rağmen sinirin oluşumuna kedilerden farklı olarak 4. ve 5. servikal spinal sinirlerin katılmadığı saptanmıştır. Yabani hayvanlarda plexus brachialis’i oluşturan spinal sinirlerin ventral dalları ve bu plexus’tan çıkan dalların seyri, dağılımı üzerine daha fazla araştırma yapmak gerektiği kanaatine varılmıştır.

Keywords

Vaşak, anatomi, makroanatomi, nervus phrenicus, diaphragma

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