Important Steps in the Development Process of Food Irradiation in Türkiye

Year 2023, , 196 - 209, 22.12.2023

Erhan İç , Ayça Aylangan

https://doi.org/10.53518/mjavl.1371345

Abstract

In the last century, the use of nuclear science and technology for peaceful purposes in areas such as health, environment, and energy production, as well as its use in food preservation, has emerged as an important option. Turkey played an important role in the commercial spread of this process, called food irradiation, and the first industrial grain irradiation facility in the world was established in our country in 1963. After this important development, our country has become a partner and actively participated in the studies on this subject together with the world. Türkiye, which took important steps by preparing the necessary technical and legal infrastructure in the 1990s, has had food irradiation regulation and legal commercial practice experience for approximately 25 years. Today, two gamma irradiation facilities, one within TENMAK - NÜKEN and the other belonging to the private sector, continue their commercial food irradiation activities at full capacity. On the other hand, TENMAK - NÜKEN provides all kinds of technical support to the food industry with its staff and laboratory infrastructure and extensive knowledge on food irradiation. In this article, information about the process experienced in our country regarding food irradiation has been tried to be given concisely, along with the developments in the world, by following the historical process.

Keywords

Nuclear technology, food irradiation, Türkiye, radiation

Gıda Işınlamanın Türkiye’de Gelişim Sürecindeki Önemli Adımlar

Abstract

Geçen yüzyılda nükleer bilim ve teknolojinin barışçıl amaçlarla sağlık, çevre, enerji üretimi gibi alanlarda kullanılması yanında gıda muhafazasında kullanılması da önemli seçenek olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Gıda ışınlama olarak adlandırılan bu prosesin ticari olarak yaygınlaşmasında Türkiye önemli bir rol üstlenmiş ve dünyada ilk endüstriyel tahıl ışınlama tesisi 1967 yılında ülkemizde kurulmuştur. Bu önemli gelişmeden sonra ülkemiz dünya ile birlikte bu konudaki çalışmalara ortak olmuş ve aktif olarak katılmıştır. 1990’lı yıllarda gerekli teknik ve yasal alt yapıyı hazırlayarak önemli adımlar atan Türkiye, yaklaşık 25 yıldır bir gıda ışınlama yönetmeliğine ve yasal ticari uygulama deneyimine sahip bulunmaktadır. Bugün gelinen noktada biri TENMAK - NÜKEN bünyesinde diğeri ise özel sektöre ait iki adet gama ışınlama tesisi tam kapasite ticari gıda ışınlama faaliyetini sürdürmektedir. Diğer taraftan TENMAK - NÜKEN bünyesinde gıda ışınlama konusunda geniş bilgi birikimine sahip personeli ve laboratuvar alt yapısı ile gıda sektörüne her türlü teknik desteği sağlamaktadır. Bu makalede gıda ışınlama konusunda ülkemizde yaşanan sürece ilişkin bilgiler tarihsel süreç takip edilerek, dünyadaki gelişmeler ile birlikte öz olarak verilmeye çalışılmıştır.

Keywords

Nükleer teknoloji, gıda ışınlama, Türkiye, radyasyon

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