Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Yaşlı Sürücülerin Trafik Deneyimleri

Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 147 - 164, 30.06.2018

Abstract

Trafikte yer alan sürücü gruplarından biri olan yaşlı sürücülerin gelişimsel özellikleri ve deneyimleri ile ilişkili olarak trafikte birtakım özel davranışlar sergilediği görülmektedir. Mevcut çalışmada yaşlı sürücülerin trafikteki bireysel deneyimlerinin kendi bakış açılarından ve kendi ifadeleriyle detaylı biçimde ortaya konulması hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Ankara ilinde yaşayan, 60 ve üzeri yaştaki 10 erkek katılımcı ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve toplanan veriler, yorumlayıcı fenomenolojik analiz yöntemi ile incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, yaşlı sürücülerin trafikteki deneyimleri yaşla gelen davranış değişikliği, yaşla bağlantılı olumsuz yaşantılar ve duygusal deneyimler, yaşla gelen bilişsel ve fizyolojik değişimler olmak üzere üç üst tema etrafında toplanmaktadır. Yıllar içinde sürücülükte birtakım değişikliklerin meydana geldiği konusunda katılımcıların çoğunun hemfikir olduğu görülmüştür. Yaşlı sürücülerin duygusal deneyimleri, trafiğin yoğun olduğu zorlayıcı durumlarda veya diğer yol kullanıcıları tarafından yapılan saldırgan davranışlara maruz kalındığında bazı olumsuzluklar içermektedir. Katılımcıların, kendilerindeki yaşla gelişen fizyolojik ve bilişsel performans düşüşünün farkında oldukları da bulgular arasındadır. Gelecekte yapılması planlanan iyileştirme çalışmaları için anlamlı bir zemin hazırlayan araştırma bulguları detaylı bir şekilde sunulmuş ve yorumlanmıştır.

References

  • Arai A. & Arai Y. (2015). “Self-Assessed Driving Behaviors Associated with Age among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Japan”. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 60 (2015) 39-44. Doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.10.017
  • Arun Ö. (2013). “International Spotlight: Developing A Gerontological Social Policy Agenda for Turkey”. The Gerontologist 53/6 (2013) 891-897. Doi: 10.1093/geront/gnt071
  • Arun Ö. (2014). “‘Que vadis’ Türkiye? 2050’ye Doğru Yaşlanan Türkiye’yi Bekleyen Riskler”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 32 (2014) 1-12.
  • Arun Ö. (2016). “Çağdaş Türkiye’de Yaşlılık ve Eşitsizlik”. MJH VI/2 (2016) 29-48. Doi: 10.13114/MJH.2016.287
  • Azık D. (2015). Self-Regulatory Driving Practices of Old and Young Drivers. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara 2015.
  • Boot W. R., Stothart C. & Charness N. (2013). “Improving the Safety of Aging Road Users: A Mini- Review”. Gerontology 60 (2013) 90-96. Doi: 10.1159/000354212
  • Breckler S. (1984). “Empirical Validation of Affect, Behavior, and Cognition as Distinct Components of Attitude”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 47/6 (1984) 1191-1205.
  • Cicchino J. B. & McCartt A. T. (2015). “Critical Older Driver Errors in a National Sample of Serious U.S. Crashes”. Accident Analysis and Prevention 80 (2015) 211-219.
  • Cordazzo S. T. D., Scialfa C. T., Bubric K. & Ross R. J. (2014). “The Driver Behaviour Questionnaire: ANorth American Analysis”. Journal of Safety Research 50 (2014) 99-107. Doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.-2014.05.002
  • Cordazzo S. T. D., Scialfa C. T. & Ross R. J. (2016). “Modernization of the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire”. Accident Analysis and Prevention 87 (2016) 83-91. Doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.11.016
  • Demir B., Demir S. & Özkan T. (2016). “A Contextual Model of Driving Anger: A Meta-Analysis”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 42 (2016) 332-349. Doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2016.09.020
  • Elander J., West R. & French D. (1993). “Behavioral Correlates of Individual Differences in Road-TrafficCrash Risk: An Examination of Methods and Findings”. Psychological Bulletin 113/2 (1993) 279- 294.
  • Eşiyok B., Yasak Y. & Korkusuz İ. (2007). “Anger Expression on the Road: Validity and Reliability ofthe Driving Anger Expression Inventory”. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 18/3 (2007) 1-12. Hakamies-Blomqvist L., Sirén A. & Davidse R. (2004). Older Drivers-A Review (Report No: 40508). Linköping 2004.
  • Hammersley M. (1996). “The Relationship between Qualitative and Quantitative Research: Paradigm Loyalty Versus Methodological Eclecticism”. Ed. J. T. E. Richardson, Handbook of Qualitative Research Methods for Psychology and the Social Sciences (1996) 159-174. Leicester.
  • Hassan H., King M. & Watt K. (2015). “The Perspectives of Older Drivers on the Impact of Feedback on their Driving Behaviours: A Qualitative Study”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 28 (2015) 25-39. Doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2014.11.003
  • Huisingh C., Levitan E. B., Irvin M. R., MacLennan P., Wadley V. & Owsley C. (2017). “Visual Sensory and Visual-Cognitive Function and Rate of Crash and Near- Crash Involvement among Older Drivers Using Naturalistic Driving Data”. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 58 (2017) 2959- 2967. Doi: 10.1167/iovs.17-21482
  • Lajunen T. & Summala H. (1995). “Driving Experience, Personality, and Skill and Safety-Motive Dimensions in Drivers’ Self-Assessments”. Personality and Individual Differences 19/3 (1995) 307- 318.
  • Lawton R., Parker D., Manstead A. S. R. & Stradling S. G. (1997). “The Role of Affect in Predicting Social Behaviors: The Case of Road Traffic Violations”. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 27/14 (1997) 1258-1276.
  • Levasseur M., Coallier J. C., Gabaude C., Beaudry M., Bédard M., Langlais M. E. & St-Pierre C. (2016). “Facilitators, Barriers and Needs in the Use of Adaptive Driving Strategies to Enhance Older Drivers’ Mobility: Importance of Openness, Perceptions, Knowledge and Support”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 43 (2016) 56-66.
  • Liddle J., Reaston T., Pachana N., Mitchell G. & Gustafsson L. (2014). “Is Planning for Driving Cessation Critical for the Well-Being and Lifestyle of Older Drivers?”. International Psychogeriatrics 26/7 (2014) 1111-1120. Doi: 10.1017/S104161021400060X
  • Mesken J., Hagenzieker M. P., Rothengatter T. & de Waard D. (2007). “Frequency, Determinants, and Consequences of Different Drivers’ Emotions: An On-the-road Study Using Self-Reports, (Observed) Behaviour, and Physiology”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 10 (2007) 458-475. Doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2007.05.001
  • Özkan T. & Lajunen T. (2011). “Person and environment: Traffic culture”. Ed. B. E. Porter, Handbook of Traffic Psychology (2011) 179-192. Londra.
  • Reason J., Manstead A., Stradling S., Baxter J. & Campbell K. (1990). “Errors and Violations on the Road: A Real Distinction?”. Ergonomics 33 (1990) 1315-1332. Doi: 10.1080/00140139008925335
  • Rosenberg M. J. & Hovland C. I. (1960). “Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Components of Attitude”. Eds. M. Rosenberg, C. Hovland, W. McGuire, R. Abelson & J. Brehm, Attitude Organization and Change (1960) 1-14. New Haven.
  • Rudman D. L., Friedland J., Chipman M. & Sciortino P. (2006). “Holding On and Letting Go: The Perspectives of Pre-Seniors and Seniors on Driving Self-Regulation in Later Life”. Canadian Journal on Aging 25/1 (2006) 65-76.
  • Smith J. A. (2004). “Reflecting on the Development of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and its Contribution to Qualitative Research in Psychology”. Qualitative Research in Psychology I/1 (2004) 39-54. Doi: 10.1191/1478088704qp004oa
  • Smith J. A. & Shinebourne P. (2012). “Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis”. Ed. H. Cooper, APA Handbook of Research Methods in Psychology (2012) 73-82. Washington, DC.
  • Svetina M. (2016). “The Reaction Times of Drivers Aged 20 to 80 During a Divided Attention Driving”. Traffic Injury Prevention 17/8 (2016) 810-814. Doi: 10.1080/15389588.2016.1157590
  • Sukhawathanakul P., Tuokko H., Rhodes R. E., Marshall S. C., Charlton J., Koppel S. & Porter M. M.(2015). “Measuring Driving-Related Attitudes Among Older Adults: Psychometric Evidence for the Decisional Balance Scale Across Time and Gender”. The Gerontologist 55/6 (2015) 1068-1078. Doi: 10.1093/geront/gnv077 United Nations. (2015). World Population Ageing 2015. New York 2015.
  • Vichitvanichphong S., Talaei-Khoei A., Kerr D. & Ghapanchi A. H. (2015). “What Does Happen to Our Driving When We Get Older?”. Transport Reviews 35/1 (2015) 56-81. Doi: 10.1080/01441647.-2014.997819
  • Willing C. (2001). Introducing Qualitative Research in Psychology. Adventures in Theory and Method.London 2012.
  • Wood J. M., Lacherez P. & Tyrrell R. A. (2014). “Seeing Pedestrians at Night: Effect of Driver Age and Visual Abilities”. Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics 34 (2014) 452-458.“Yaş Grubu ve Cinsiyete Göre Nüfus”. (n.d.). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. 2 Mayıs 2018 tarihinde şukaynaktan alınmıştır: <http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=1632>.
  • Yazıcı S. & Vural R. (2015). “İleri Yaşta Güvenli Taşıt Kullanımı”. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi 1 (2015) 5-11. Doi: 10.17954/amj.2015.02 “Yıllara göre Motorlu Araçların Cinslerine göre Dağılımı”. (n.d.). In Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Trafik Hizmetleri Başkanlığı. 2 Mayıs 2018 tarihinde şu kaynaktan alınmıştır: <http://www.trafik.gov.tr/- Sayfalar/Istatistikler/aracsurucu4.aspx>.
  • Zambo D. (2004). “Using Qualitative Methods to Understand the Educational Experiences of Students with Dyslexia”. Qualitative Report 9/1 (2004) 80-94.
  • Zeitler E. & Buys L. (2015). “Mobility and Out-of-home Activities of Older People Living in Suburban Environments: ‘Because I’m a Driver, I Don’t Have a Problem’”. Aging & Society 35 (2015) 785-808. Doi: 10.1017/S0144686X13001086
Year 2018, Volume: 8 Issue: 1, 147 - 164, 30.06.2018

Abstract

References

  • Arai A. & Arai Y. (2015). “Self-Assessed Driving Behaviors Associated with Age among Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Japan”. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics 60 (2015) 39-44. Doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2014.10.017
  • Arun Ö. (2013). “International Spotlight: Developing A Gerontological Social Policy Agenda for Turkey”. The Gerontologist 53/6 (2013) 891-897. Doi: 10.1093/geront/gnt071
  • Arun Ö. (2014). “‘Que vadis’ Türkiye? 2050’ye Doğru Yaşlanan Türkiye’yi Bekleyen Riskler”. Selçuk Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi 32 (2014) 1-12.
  • Arun Ö. (2016). “Çağdaş Türkiye’de Yaşlılık ve Eşitsizlik”. MJH VI/2 (2016) 29-48. Doi: 10.13114/MJH.2016.287
  • Azık D. (2015). Self-Regulatory Driving Practices of Old and Young Drivers. Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi. Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara 2015.
  • Boot W. R., Stothart C. & Charness N. (2013). “Improving the Safety of Aging Road Users: A Mini- Review”. Gerontology 60 (2013) 90-96. Doi: 10.1159/000354212
  • Breckler S. (1984). “Empirical Validation of Affect, Behavior, and Cognition as Distinct Components of Attitude”. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 47/6 (1984) 1191-1205.
  • Cicchino J. B. & McCartt A. T. (2015). “Critical Older Driver Errors in a National Sample of Serious U.S. Crashes”. Accident Analysis and Prevention 80 (2015) 211-219.
  • Cordazzo S. T. D., Scialfa C. T., Bubric K. & Ross R. J. (2014). “The Driver Behaviour Questionnaire: ANorth American Analysis”. Journal of Safety Research 50 (2014) 99-107. Doi: 10.1016/j.jsr.-2014.05.002
  • Cordazzo S. T. D., Scialfa C. T. & Ross R. J. (2016). “Modernization of the Driver Behaviour Questionnaire”. Accident Analysis and Prevention 87 (2016) 83-91. Doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2015.11.016
  • Demir B., Demir S. & Özkan T. (2016). “A Contextual Model of Driving Anger: A Meta-Analysis”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 42 (2016) 332-349. Doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2016.09.020
  • Elander J., West R. & French D. (1993). “Behavioral Correlates of Individual Differences in Road-TrafficCrash Risk: An Examination of Methods and Findings”. Psychological Bulletin 113/2 (1993) 279- 294.
  • Eşiyok B., Yasak Y. & Korkusuz İ. (2007). “Anger Expression on the Road: Validity and Reliability ofthe Driving Anger Expression Inventory”. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry 18/3 (2007) 1-12. Hakamies-Blomqvist L., Sirén A. & Davidse R. (2004). Older Drivers-A Review (Report No: 40508). Linköping 2004.
  • Hammersley M. (1996). “The Relationship between Qualitative and Quantitative Research: Paradigm Loyalty Versus Methodological Eclecticism”. Ed. J. T. E. Richardson, Handbook of Qualitative Research Methods for Psychology and the Social Sciences (1996) 159-174. Leicester.
  • Hassan H., King M. & Watt K. (2015). “The Perspectives of Older Drivers on the Impact of Feedback on their Driving Behaviours: A Qualitative Study”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 28 (2015) 25-39. Doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2014.11.003
  • Huisingh C., Levitan E. B., Irvin M. R., MacLennan P., Wadley V. & Owsley C. (2017). “Visual Sensory and Visual-Cognitive Function and Rate of Crash and Near- Crash Involvement among Older Drivers Using Naturalistic Driving Data”. Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science 58 (2017) 2959- 2967. Doi: 10.1167/iovs.17-21482
  • Lajunen T. & Summala H. (1995). “Driving Experience, Personality, and Skill and Safety-Motive Dimensions in Drivers’ Self-Assessments”. Personality and Individual Differences 19/3 (1995) 307- 318.
  • Lawton R., Parker D., Manstead A. S. R. & Stradling S. G. (1997). “The Role of Affect in Predicting Social Behaviors: The Case of Road Traffic Violations”. Journal of Applied Social Psychology 27/14 (1997) 1258-1276.
  • Levasseur M., Coallier J. C., Gabaude C., Beaudry M., Bédard M., Langlais M. E. & St-Pierre C. (2016). “Facilitators, Barriers and Needs in the Use of Adaptive Driving Strategies to Enhance Older Drivers’ Mobility: Importance of Openness, Perceptions, Knowledge and Support”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 43 (2016) 56-66.
  • Liddle J., Reaston T., Pachana N., Mitchell G. & Gustafsson L. (2014). “Is Planning for Driving Cessation Critical for the Well-Being and Lifestyle of Older Drivers?”. International Psychogeriatrics 26/7 (2014) 1111-1120. Doi: 10.1017/S104161021400060X
  • Mesken J., Hagenzieker M. P., Rothengatter T. & de Waard D. (2007). “Frequency, Determinants, and Consequences of Different Drivers’ Emotions: An On-the-road Study Using Self-Reports, (Observed) Behaviour, and Physiology”. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour 10 (2007) 458-475. Doi: 10.1016/j.trf.2007.05.001
  • Özkan T. & Lajunen T. (2011). “Person and environment: Traffic culture”. Ed. B. E. Porter, Handbook of Traffic Psychology (2011) 179-192. Londra.
  • Reason J., Manstead A., Stradling S., Baxter J. & Campbell K. (1990). “Errors and Violations on the Road: A Real Distinction?”. Ergonomics 33 (1990) 1315-1332. Doi: 10.1080/00140139008925335
  • Rosenberg M. J. & Hovland C. I. (1960). “Cognitive, Affective, and Behavioral Components of Attitude”. Eds. M. Rosenberg, C. Hovland, W. McGuire, R. Abelson & J. Brehm, Attitude Organization and Change (1960) 1-14. New Haven.
  • Rudman D. L., Friedland J., Chipman M. & Sciortino P. (2006). “Holding On and Letting Go: The Perspectives of Pre-Seniors and Seniors on Driving Self-Regulation in Later Life”. Canadian Journal on Aging 25/1 (2006) 65-76.
  • Smith J. A. (2004). “Reflecting on the Development of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis and its Contribution to Qualitative Research in Psychology”. Qualitative Research in Psychology I/1 (2004) 39-54. Doi: 10.1191/1478088704qp004oa
  • Smith J. A. & Shinebourne P. (2012). “Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis”. Ed. H. Cooper, APA Handbook of Research Methods in Psychology (2012) 73-82. Washington, DC.
  • Svetina M. (2016). “The Reaction Times of Drivers Aged 20 to 80 During a Divided Attention Driving”. Traffic Injury Prevention 17/8 (2016) 810-814. Doi: 10.1080/15389588.2016.1157590
  • Sukhawathanakul P., Tuokko H., Rhodes R. E., Marshall S. C., Charlton J., Koppel S. & Porter M. M.(2015). “Measuring Driving-Related Attitudes Among Older Adults: Psychometric Evidence for the Decisional Balance Scale Across Time and Gender”. The Gerontologist 55/6 (2015) 1068-1078. Doi: 10.1093/geront/gnv077 United Nations. (2015). World Population Ageing 2015. New York 2015.
  • Vichitvanichphong S., Talaei-Khoei A., Kerr D. & Ghapanchi A. H. (2015). “What Does Happen to Our Driving When We Get Older?”. Transport Reviews 35/1 (2015) 56-81. Doi: 10.1080/01441647.-2014.997819
  • Willing C. (2001). Introducing Qualitative Research in Psychology. Adventures in Theory and Method.London 2012.
  • Wood J. M., Lacherez P. & Tyrrell R. A. (2014). “Seeing Pedestrians at Night: Effect of Driver Age and Visual Abilities”. Ophthalmic & Physiological Optics 34 (2014) 452-458.“Yaş Grubu ve Cinsiyete Göre Nüfus”. (n.d.). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. 2 Mayıs 2018 tarihinde şukaynaktan alınmıştır: <http://www.tuik.gov.tr/PreIstatistikTablo.do?istab_id=1632>.
  • Yazıcı S. & Vural R. (2015). “İleri Yaşta Güvenli Taşıt Kullanımı”. Akdeniz Tıp Dergisi 1 (2015) 5-11. Doi: 10.17954/amj.2015.02 “Yıllara göre Motorlu Araçların Cinslerine göre Dağılımı”. (n.d.). In Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü Trafik Hizmetleri Başkanlığı. 2 Mayıs 2018 tarihinde şu kaynaktan alınmıştır: <http://www.trafik.gov.tr/- Sayfalar/Istatistikler/aracsurucu4.aspx>.
  • Zambo D. (2004). “Using Qualitative Methods to Understand the Educational Experiences of Students with Dyslexia”. Qualitative Report 9/1 (2004) 80-94.
  • Zeitler E. & Buys L. (2015). “Mobility and Out-of-home Activities of Older People Living in Suburban Environments: ‘Because I’m a Driver, I Don’t Have a Problem’”. Aging & Society 35 (2015) 785-808. Doi: 10.1017/S0144686X13001086
There are 35 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Traffic Psychology
Journal Section Araştırma Makaleleri
Authors

Gizem Fındık This is me

Bahar Öz

Publication Date June 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018 Volume: 8 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Fındık, G., & Öz, B. (2018). Yaşlı Sürücülerin Trafik Deneyimleri. Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi, 8(1), 147-164.
Adres:
Akdeniz İnsani Bilimler Dergisi
Akdeniz Üniversitesi, Edebiyat Fakültesi
07058 Kampüs, Antalya / TÜRKİYE
E-Posta:
mjh@akdeniz.edu.tr