Gözetim Toplumunun Siyaset, Devlet ve Demokraside Yansımaları: Algoritmik Vatandaşlık Odağında Bir Değerlendirme

Year 2020, Volume: 9 Issue: 2, 1288 - 1299, 24.04.2020

Ümmühan Kaygısız

https://doi.org/10.33206/mjss.537299

Abstract

Gözetim
toplumu kendisinden önceki her toplumsal yapı gibi kendisine has bazı spesifik
özellikleri ile birlikte giderek yoğunlaşmaktadır. Toplumlar tarım ve sanayiden
sonra bilgi toplumuna geçmekle kolay takip edilemeyen boyutta hızlı gelişmeleri
de beraberinde yaşamışlardır. Bu baş döndürücü hızda yeni nesil teknolojiler
öncü rol oynamıştır. Gözetim toplumu var olan devlet ve toplum temalarını tamamen
ortadan kaldırmamış ancak bambaşka boyutlar kazandırmıştır.  Bu yeni toplum modelinin siyaset ve devlet
yapısında meydana getirdiği farklılaşmalar demokrasi üzerinde de önemli etkiler
oluşturmuştur. Demokratik araçlar üzerinde pozitif fark yarattığı alanlar
olmakla birlikte önemli demokratik değerlerin sorgulanmasına da yol açmıştır. Demokrasinin
en önemli sürücüsü olan vatandaş kavramı farklılaşarak algoritmik vatandaşlık
kavramı sorgulanır olmuştur. Jus algoritmi ya da algoritmik vatandaşlık, bir
çeşit veri tabanlı bir vatandaşlık versiyonudur.  Jus algoritmi, gözetim toplumu ile birlikte
ortaya çıkan daha çok geleneksel vatandaşlık modellerinden farklı olarak
bireysel seçim hakkına dayanan bir vatandaşlıktır.  Çalışmada geniş literatür incelemesi
yapılmıştır. Jus algoritmi hakkında bilgiler vererek gözetim toplumun devlet,
siyaset ve demokrasideki yansımalarının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmaktadır. 

Keywords

Siyaset, Algoritmik Vatandaşlık, Devlet, Demokrasi, Gözetim Toplumu

The Reflections of the Surveillance Society on Politics, State and Democracy: An Assessment in the Focus of Algorithmic Citizenship

Abstract

The surveillance society is increasingly concentrated, along with its specific characteristics, like any social structure before it. After the agriculture and industry, societies have experienced rapid developments that cannot be easily followed by the transition to an information society. At this dizzying speed, new generation technologies played a leading role. The surveillance society does not completely eliminate the existing state and society themes, but has brought a whole new dimension. The differentiations of this new society model in politics and the state structure have also had important effects on democracy. While it has areas where it makes a positive difference on democratic instruments, it also leads to questioning of important democratic values. The concept of citizenship, which is the most important driver of democracy, has been differentiated and the concept of algorithmic citizenship has been questioned. Jus algorithm or algorithmic citizenship is a kind of data-based citizenship. Jus algorithm is a citizenship based on individual choice, unlike the more traditional citizenship models that emerged with the surveillance society. A large literature review was conducted in the study. It is aimed to evaluate the reflections

Keywords

Politics, Algoritmic citizenship, State, Democracy, Surveillence society

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