Dil yerleşimli skuamöz hücreli kanser
Year 2019,
Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 110 - 114, 29.12.2019
Nursel Dilek
,
Engin Dursun
,
Recep Bedir
,
Elif Dogucam
,
İsmail Bulbul
,
Yunus Saral
Abstract
Dildeki skuamöz hücreli kanser oral kavitenin en sık kanseridir. Oral SHK’lerin yaklaşık yarısı dil yerleşimlidir. Oral SHK’nin erken teşhis ve tedavisi mikro metastatik yayılımı, tedaviye bağlı morbiditeyi azaltırken, SHK’e bağlı mortaliteyi de azaltır. Günümüz şartlarında oral SHK tanısı hala büyük oranda gecikmektedir, bu gecikmede birçok faktör rol almaktadır.
References
- 1. Li CC, Shen Z, Bavarian R, et al. Oral cancer: genetics and the role of precision medicine. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2020;29:127-44.
- 2. Aittiwarapoj A, Juengsomjit R, Kitkumthorn N, et al. Oral potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma at the tongue: Clinicopathological analysis in a Thai population. Eur J Dent 2019;13:376-82.
- 3. Bagan J, Sarrion G, Jimenez Y. Oral cancer: clinical features. Oral Oncol 2010;46:414-7.
- 4. Warnakulasuriya S. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2009;45:309-16.
- 5. Massano J, Regateiro FS, Januário G, et al. Oral squamous cell carcinoma: review of prognostic and predictive factors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006;102:67-76.
- 6. Goy J, Hall SF, Feldman-Stewart D, et al. Diagnostic delay and disease stage in head and neck cancer: a systematic review. Laryngoscope 2009;119:889-98.
- 7. Algazi AP, Grandis JR. Head and neck cancer in 2016: a watershed year for improvements in treatment? Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2017;14:76-8.
- 8. Gigliotti J, Madathil S, Makhoul N. Delays in oral cavity cancer. Int J Oral Maxillofac. Surg 2019;48:1131-7.
- 9. McBride KA, Ballinger ML, Killick E, et al. Li-Fraumeni syndrome: cancer risk assessment and clinical management. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014;11:260-71.
- 10. Romick-Rosendale LE, Lui VW, Grandis JR, et al. The Fanconi anemia pathway: repairing the link between DNA damage and squamous cell carcinoma. Mutat Res 2013;743-744:78-88.
- 11. Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J, et al. Cancer statistics, 2010. CA Cancer J Clin 2010;60:277-300.
- 12. de Camargo Cancela M, de Souza DL, Curado MP. International incidence of oropharyngeal cancer: a population-based study. Oral Oncol 2012;48:484-90.
- 13. D’Souza G, Kreimer AR, Viscidi R, et al. Case-control study of human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1944-56.
- 14. Ang KK, Harris J, Wheeler R, et al. Human papillomavirus and survival of patients with oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;363:24-35.
- 15. Okubo M, Iwai T, Nakashima H, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue dorsum: incidence and treatment considerations. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017;69:6-10.
- 16. Narayan TV, Shilpashree S. Meta-analysis on clinicopathologic risk factors of leukoplakias undergoing malignant transformation. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016;20:354-61.
- 17. van Harten MC, de Ridder M, Hamming- Vrieze O, et al. The association of treatment delay and prognosis in head and neck squa-mous cell carcinoma (hnscc) patients in a dutch comprehensive cancer center. Oral Oncol 2014;50:282-90.
- 18. Allison P, Locker D, Feine JS. The role of diagnostic delays in the prognosis of oral cancer: A review of the literature. Oral Oncol 1998;34:161-70.
- 19. Yu T, Wood RE, Tenenbaum HC. Delays in diagnosis of head and neck cancers. J Can Dent Assoc 2008;74:61.
- 20. Peacock ZS, Pogrel MA, Schmidt BL. Ex-ploring the reasons for delay in treatment of oral cancer. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:1346-52.
- 21. Hollows P, McAndrew PG, Perini MG. Delays in the referral and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br Dent J 2000;188:262-5.
- 22. Grant E, Silver K, Bauld L, et al. The experiences of young oral cancer patients in Scotland: Symptom recognition and delays in seeking professional help. Br Dent J 2010;208:465-71.
- 23. Scott S, McGurk M, Grunfeld E. Patient delay for potentially malignant oral symptoms. Eur J Oral Sci 2008;116:141-7.
- 24. Panzarella V, Pizzo G, Calvino F, et al. Diagnostic delay in oral squamous cell carcinoma: The role of cognitive and psychological variables. Int J Oral Sci 2014;6:39-45.
- 25. Holmes JD, Dierks EJ, Homer LD, et al. Is detection of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cancer by a dental health care provider associated with a lower stage at diagnosis? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003;61:285-91.
- 26. Groome PA, Rohland SL, Hall SF, et al. A population-based study of factors associated with early versus late stage oral cavity cancer diagnoses. Oral Oncol 2011;47:642-7.
- 27. Department of Health (UK). Cancer reform strategy. 2007. https://www.nhs.uk/ NHSEngland/ [Accessibility verified October 8, 2018].
Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue
Year 2019,
Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 110 - 114, 29.12.2019
Nursel Dilek
,
Engin Dursun
,
Recep Bedir
,
Elif Dogucam
,
İsmail Bulbul
,
Yunus Saral
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue is the most common cancer of the oral cavity. Approximately half of oral squamous cell carcinomas are located in the tongue. Early diagnosis and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma reduces micro metastatic spread, treatment-related morbidity, and mortality. Nowadays, oral squamous cell carcinomas are still diagnosed lately and many factors play a role in this delay.
References
- 1. Li CC, Shen Z, Bavarian R, et al. Oral cancer: genetics and the role of precision medicine. Surg Oncol Clin N Am 2020;29:127-44.
- 2. Aittiwarapoj A, Juengsomjit R, Kitkumthorn N, et al. Oral potentially malignant disorders and squamous cell carcinoma at the tongue: Clinicopathological analysis in a Thai population. Eur J Dent 2019;13:376-82.
- 3. Bagan J, Sarrion G, Jimenez Y. Oral cancer: clinical features. Oral Oncol 2010;46:414-7.
- 4. Warnakulasuriya S. Global epidemiology of oral and oropharyngeal cancer. Oral Oncol 2009;45:309-16.
- 5. Massano J, Regateiro FS, Januário G, et al. Oral squamous cell carcinoma: review of prognostic and predictive factors. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 2006;102:67-76.
- 6. Goy J, Hall SF, Feldman-Stewart D, et al. Diagnostic delay and disease stage in head and neck cancer: a systematic review. Laryngoscope 2009;119:889-98.
- 7. Algazi AP, Grandis JR. Head and neck cancer in 2016: a watershed year for improvements in treatment? Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2017;14:76-8.
- 8. Gigliotti J, Madathil S, Makhoul N. Delays in oral cavity cancer. Int J Oral Maxillofac. Surg 2019;48:1131-7.
- 9. McBride KA, Ballinger ML, Killick E, et al. Li-Fraumeni syndrome: cancer risk assessment and clinical management. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 2014;11:260-71.
- 10. Romick-Rosendale LE, Lui VW, Grandis JR, et al. The Fanconi anemia pathway: repairing the link between DNA damage and squamous cell carcinoma. Mutat Res 2013;743-744:78-88.
- 11. Jemal A, Siegel R, Xu J, et al. Cancer statistics, 2010. CA Cancer J Clin 2010;60:277-300.
- 12. de Camargo Cancela M, de Souza DL, Curado MP. International incidence of oropharyngeal cancer: a population-based study. Oral Oncol 2012;48:484-90.
- 13. D’Souza G, Kreimer AR, Viscidi R, et al. Case-control study of human papillomavirus and oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med 2007;356:1944-56.
- 14. Ang KK, Harris J, Wheeler R, et al. Human papillomavirus and survival of patients with oropharyngeal cancer. N Engl J Med 2010;363:24-35.
- 15. Okubo M, Iwai T, Nakashima H, et al. Squamous cell carcinoma of the tongue dorsum: incidence and treatment considerations. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017;69:6-10.
- 16. Narayan TV, Shilpashree S. Meta-analysis on clinicopathologic risk factors of leukoplakias undergoing malignant transformation. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2016;20:354-61.
- 17. van Harten MC, de Ridder M, Hamming- Vrieze O, et al. The association of treatment delay and prognosis in head and neck squa-mous cell carcinoma (hnscc) patients in a dutch comprehensive cancer center. Oral Oncol 2014;50:282-90.
- 18. Allison P, Locker D, Feine JS. The role of diagnostic delays in the prognosis of oral cancer: A review of the literature. Oral Oncol 1998;34:161-70.
- 19. Yu T, Wood RE, Tenenbaum HC. Delays in diagnosis of head and neck cancers. J Can Dent Assoc 2008;74:61.
- 20. Peacock ZS, Pogrel MA, Schmidt BL. Ex-ploring the reasons for delay in treatment of oral cancer. J Am Dent Assoc 2008;139:1346-52.
- 21. Hollows P, McAndrew PG, Perini MG. Delays in the referral and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Br Dent J 2000;188:262-5.
- 22. Grant E, Silver K, Bauld L, et al. The experiences of young oral cancer patients in Scotland: Symptom recognition and delays in seeking professional help. Br Dent J 2010;208:465-71.
- 23. Scott S, McGurk M, Grunfeld E. Patient delay for potentially malignant oral symptoms. Eur J Oral Sci 2008;116:141-7.
- 24. Panzarella V, Pizzo G, Calvino F, et al. Diagnostic delay in oral squamous cell carcinoma: The role of cognitive and psychological variables. Int J Oral Sci 2014;6:39-45.
- 25. Holmes JD, Dierks EJ, Homer LD, et al. Is detection of oral and oropharyngeal squamous cancer by a dental health care provider associated with a lower stage at diagnosis? J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003;61:285-91.
- 26. Groome PA, Rohland SL, Hall SF, et al. A population-based study of factors associated with early versus late stage oral cavity cancer diagnoses. Oral Oncol 2011;47:642-7.
- 27. Department of Health (UK). Cancer reform strategy. 2007. https://www.nhs.uk/ NHSEngland/ [Accessibility verified October 8, 2018].