THE EFFECT OF GIBBERELLIC ACID (GA3) ON POST-GERMINATION MORPHOMETRIC PARAMETERS OF LISIANTHUS [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.] ‘MARIACHI PURE WHITE (F1)’ CULTIVAR

Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 145 - 151, 18.12.2016

Hümeyra Özkan Fazıl Özen

https://doi.org/10.22531/muglajsci.283637

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.], a member of the family Gentianaceae, is native to the central and southern part of United States. Lisianthus is a relatively new floral crop to the international market, quickly rankes in the top ten cut flowers worldwide due to its garish flowers and excellent post-harvest life. Due to its importance there are several tissue culture studies working on the micropropagation of this plant by using a variety of plant growth regulators (PGRs). With the aim of contribution to these works in the present study we aimed to investigate the effect of Gibberellic acid (GA₃) at different concentrations (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg l^-1) on morphometric parameters of Lisianthus during 30 and 80-day of incubation periods. In sum, our findings revealed that according to the results, there was no significant change for shoot number, shoot length and root number but very slight increase in number of leaves (1.0 mg l^-1) and root length (0.5 mg l^-1) of GA₃ during 30-day incubation period. On the other hand, for 80-day incubation period, the highest root length and number of leaves were obtained (respectively, 2.48 ± 1.25 cm and 14.17 ± 4.59) for 2.0 mg l^-1 concentration. In addition, shoot length to be found at the highest rate for 1.0 mg l^-1 (3.32 ± 0.34 cm). 80-day incubation period was found to be more effective than in comparison to 30-day incubation period in terms of number of leaves, shoot and root length.

Keywords

Eustoma grandiflorum, Lisianthus, Mariachi Pure White (F1), Gibberellic acid (GA3), In vitro

LISIANTHUS [EUSTOMA GRANDIFLORUM (RAF.) SHINN.] ‘MARIACHI PURE WHITE (F1)’ KÜLTIVARININ ÇIMLENME SONRASI MORFOMETRIK PARAMETRELERI ÜZERINDE GIBERELLIK ASIT (GA3)’IN ETKISI

Abstract

Lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.],
Gentianaceae familyasının bir üyesi olup Orta ve Güney Amerika’nın yerel
bitkisidir. Hasat sonrası kaliteli ömrü olması ve gösterişli çiçeklere sahip
olmasından dolayı, dünya çapındaki uluslararası pazarda oldukça yeni bir
çiçekli ürün olarak, kesme çiçek sektöründe hızlı bir şekilde ilk on
sıralamasına girmiştir. Sahip olduğu öneminden dolayı bu bitkinin
mikroçoğaltımı üzerinde çeşitli bitki büyüme düzenleyicileri (BBDler)
kullanılarak yapılan birçok doku kültürü çalışması mevcuttur. Yapılan bu
çalışmalara katkı sağlamak amacı ile 30 ve 80 günlük inkübasyon periyodu
süresince farklı konsantrasyonlardaki (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0 mg l^-1)
Giberellik asit (GA₃)’in Lisianthus’un morfometrik parametreleri
üzerindeki etkisini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Özetle, verilen sonuçlara göre
bulgularımız, 30 günlük inkübasyon periyodu süresince GA3’in sürgün
sayısı, sürgün uzunluğu ve kök sayısı üzerinde önemli bir değişikliğe neden
olmadığını fakat yaprak sayısı (1.0 mg l-1) ve kök uzunluğu (0.5 mg
l^-1) parametreleri üzerinde nispeten artış gösterdiğini açıklığa
kavuşturmuştur. Diğer bir taraftan 80 günlük inkübasyon periyodu süresince, en
yüksek sürgün uzunluğu ve yaprak sayısı sırasıyla 2.48 ± 1.25 cm ve 14.17 ±
4.59 olarak 2.0 mg l^-1 konsantrasyondan elde edilmiştir. Buna ek
olarak, en yüksek sürgün uzunluğu 1.0 mg l^-1 konsantrasyonda (3.32 ±
0.34 cm) bulunmuştur. Yaprak sayısı, sürgün uzunluğu ve kök uzunluğu açısından
30 günlük inkübasyon periyodu ile karşılaştırıldığında 80 günlük inkübasyon periyodu
daha etkili bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Eustoma grandiflorum, Lisianthus, Mariachi Pure White (F1), Giberellik asit (GA3), In vitro

References

• Harbaugh, B. K., Bell, M. L., Liang, R. 2000, ʺEvaluation of Forty-seven Cultivars of Lisianthus as Cut Flowersʺ, Hort Technology, vol. 10, no. 4, pp. 812-815.
• Bailey, L.H., Baily, E.Z., 1976, Hortus Third. MacMilian, New York.
• Everett, T.H., 1981, Eustoma. In: T.H. Everett (Editor), Encyclopedia of Horticulture, Garland Publishing Inc., New York.
• Roh, M.S., Halevy, A.H., Wilkins, H.F., 1989, Eustoma grandiflorum. Handbook of Flowering, CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, USA.
• Hecht, M., Ecker, R., Abed, A., Watad, A., 1994, ʺDifferential Expression In Vitro of Heterosis in Lisianthus at Various Benzyladenine and Gibberellic Acid Levelsʺ. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology, Plant. no.3, pp. 136-139.
• Wang, J., Gui, M., Zhou, X., Mo, X., Qu, S., Tian, M., Wu, X., Wu, M., Li, J., Luo, Y., 2014, ʺComparison of Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum) Cultivars Based on the Selected Regeneration Media Using Anther Cultureʺ. Hort. Environ. Biotechnol. Vol. 55, no.2, pp. 125-128.
• Hecht, M., Ecker, R., Abed, A., Watad, A., 1994, ʺDifferential Expression In Vitro of Heterosis in Lisianthus at Various Benzyladenine and Gibberellic Acid Levelsʺ. In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology, Plant. no.3, pp. 136-139.
• Wegulo, N., Vilchez, M., 2007, ʺEvaluation of Lisianthus Cultivars for Resistance to Botyrtis cinerea Stephen.ʺ Plant Dis., no.91, pp. 997-1001.
• Laura, M., Safaverdi, G., Allavena, A., 2007, ʺAndrogenetic Plants of Anemone coronaria Derived through Anther Culture.ʺ Plant Breed. no.125, pp. 629-634.
• Ghanati, F., Rezaee, F., Boroujeni, L. Y., 2012, ʺMicropropagation of Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflora L.) from Different Explants to Flowering Onsetʺ. Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 583-587.
• Furukawa, H., Matsubara, C., Shigematsu, N., 1990, ʺShoot Regeneration from the Root of Prairie Gentian (Eustoma grandiflorum (Griseb.) Shinners)”, Plant Tissue Cult. Lett. Vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 11-13.
• Mousavi, E. S., Behbahani, M., Hadavi, E., Miri, S. M., 2012a, ʺCallus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum)ʺ, Trakia J. Sci. Vol. 10, no.1, pp. 22-25.
• Furukawa, H., Matsubara, C., Shigematsu, N., 1990, ʺShoot Regeneration from the Root of Prairie Gentian (Eustoma grandiflorum (Griseb.) Shinners)”, Plant Tissue Cult. Lett. Vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 11-13.
• Sanap, P.B., Patil, B.A., Gondhali, B.V., 2000, ʺEffect of Growth Regulators on Quality and Yield of Flowers in Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) cv. Singleʺ, Orissa J. Hort. Vol. 28, no.1, pp. 68-72.
• Brain, P.V, 2008, ʺEffects of Gibberellins on Plant Growth and Developmentʺ, Biol. Rev., vol.34, no.1, pp. 37-77.
• Medina, E.O., Saavedra, A.L., 1999, ʺThe Use of Regulators in Floricultureʺ, Mexican. Sci. Desar, Bogota., no.148, pp. 1-17.
• Taiz, L., Zeiger, E., 2004, Plant Physiology, (3rd Ed.) pp. 720.
• Arnold, M.L., 1997, ʺNatural Hybridization and Evolutionʺ, Oxford University Press, New York.
• Rieseberg, L. H., Wendel J.F., 1993, ʺIntrogression and its Consequences in Plantsʺ, In R. Harrison (ed.). Hybrid Zones and the Evolutionary Process, Oxford University Press, New York, pp. 70-109.
• Arnold, M.L., Hodges, S.A., 1995, ʺAre Natural Hybrids Fit or Unfit Relative to Their Parents?ʺ Trends in Ecol. Evol., 10, pp. 67-71.
• Graham, J.H., Freeman, D.C., McArthur, E.D., 1995, ʺNarrow Hybrid Zone Between Two Subspecies of Big Sagebrush. Artemisia tridentata (Asteraceae)ʺ. II. Selection Gradients and Hybrid Fitness. Am. J. Bot., 82, pp. 709-716.
• Millar, C.V, 1983, ʺA Steep Cline in Pinus muricataʺ. Evolution. 37, pp. 311-319.
• Snow, A.A., Moran-Palma, P., Rieseberg, L.H., Wszelaki, A., Seiler, G.J., 1998, ʺFecundity, Phenology, and Seed Dormancy of F1 Wild-Crop Hybrids in Sunflower (Helianthus annuus, Asteraceae)”. American Journal of Botany, vol.85, no.6, pp. 794-801.
• Gomi, K., Matsuoka, M., 2003, ʺGibberellin Signalling Pathwayʺ. Curr Opin Plant Biol,. No.6, pp. 489-493.
• Boğa, A., Binokay, S., Sertdemir, Y., 2009, ʺThe Toxicity and Teratogenicity of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) Based on the Frog Embryo Teratogenesis Assay-Xenopus (FETAX)ʺ. Turk J. Biol., no.33, pp. 181-188.
• Mousavi, E. S., Behbahani, M., Hadavi, E., Miri, S. M., 2012a, ʺCallus Induction and Plant Regeneration in Lisianthus (Eustoma grandiflorum)ʺ. Trakia J. Sci., vol.10, no.1, pp. 22-25.
• Thiruvengadam, M., Rekha, K.T., Yang, C.H., Jayabalan, N., Chung, M., 2010, ʺHigh-Frequency Shoot Regeneration from Leaf Explants through Organogenesis in Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.)ʺ, Plant Biotecnol. Rep,. No.4, pp. 321-328.
• Wochok, Z.S., Sluis, C.J., 1980, ʺGibberellic Acid Promotes Atriplex Shoot Multiplication and Elongationʺ, Plant Science Letters, vol.17, no.3, pp. 363-369.
• Quoirin, M., da Silva, M.C., Martins, K.G., de Oliveira, D.E., 2001, ʺMultiplication of Juvenile Black Wattle by Microcuttingsʺ. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture, no.66, pp. 199-205.
• Das, T., Mitra, G.C., 1990, ʺMicropropagation of Eucalyptus tereticornis Smith.ʺ, Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture. Vol.22, no.2, pp. 95-103.
• Marcotrigiano, M., McGlew, S.P., 1991, ʺA Two-Stage Micropropagation System for Cranberriesʺ. J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci., vol.116, no.5, pp. 911-916.
• Yaşar, F., Türközü, D., Ellialtıoğlu, Ş.Ş., Yıldırım, B., 2014, ʺTarhun (Artemisia dracunculus L.) Bitkisinin Doku Kültürü Yoluyla Çoğaltılması Üzerinde Çalışmalarʺ. Yyü. Tar. Bil. Derg, vol. 24, no.3, pp. 300-308.
• Fraguas, C.B., Pasqual, M., Dutra, L.F., Cazetta, J.O., 2004, ʺMicropropagation of Fig (Ficus carica L.) ‘Roxo de Valinhos’ Plantsʺ, In vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology-Plant, vol.40, no.5, pp. 471-474.
• Reeves, D.W., Edwards, H.J, Thompson, J. M., and Horton B.D., 1985, ʺInfluence of Ca concentration on micronutrient imbalances in vitro propagated Prunus rootstockʺ, J. Plant Nutr., no.8, pp. 289-302.
• Pahnekolayi, M.D., Tehranifar, A., Samiei, L., Shoor, M., 2014, ʺMicropropagation of Rosa canina through Axillary Shoot Proliferationʺ, Journal of Ornamental Plants, vol.4, no.1, pp. 45-51.
• Purkayastha, J., Sugla, T., Paul, A., Solleti, S.K., Mazumdar, P., Basu, A., Mohommad, A., Ahmed, Z., Sahoo, L., 2010, ʺEfficient In vitro Plant Regeneration from Shoot Apices and Gene Transfer by Particle Bombardment in Jatropha curcasʺ, Biologia Plantarum, vol.54, no.1, pp. 13-20.