Research Article
BibTex RIS Cite

Exploring Social Representations of Mersin as a Place and Türkiye With the Cognitive Mapping Method/ Bilişsel Haritalama Yöntemiyle Bir Yer Olarak Mersin ve Türkiye'nin Sosyal Temsillerini Keşfetme

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 95 - 122, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.47105/nsb.1231319

Abstract

The representation of place is studied by many different disciplines, such as geography, urban planning, and sociology. Studies on the representation of place share the idea that the representation of place consists of geographical, social, and cultural elements. This study was carried out to examine the representations of Mersin University students regarding Mersin and Türkiye, and their behavioral practices in Mersin. In the study, social and cognitive representations were reached through cognitive mapping. For the purpose of the study, the sample of the study consists of 130 students studying at Mersin University. One of the main differences in these representations is that the representations of Türkiye and Mersin are independent and unrelated to each other. The most important finding is that; Mersin University, important urban spaces, and neighboring countries are almost never included in the cognitive maps of university students. Social and political criticisms against Mersin and Türkiye were frequently seen on the maps. In the maps of the participants, it was determined that the use of place practices differed according to gender. Compared to men, women's place usage practices and place usage diversity are quite limited. In the study, the perceptions of Mersin University students about Mersin were discussed from the perspective of environmental psychology in light of the findings.

References

  • Bilgin, N. (2002). Sosyal temsiller açısından Ermeni soykırım iddiaları ve tarihin inşası. Türkiye Armenian Researches Congress
  • Bilgin, N. (2005). Siyaset ve insan (2nd ed.). Bağlam Yayınları.
  • Downs, R. M., Stea, D., & Boulding, K. E. (2017). Image and environment: Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior. In Image and environment: Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203789155
  • Duncan, J. S., & Agnew, J. (Eds.). (1989). The power of place: bringing together geographical and sociological imaginations. Unwin Hyman.
  • Göregenli, M. (2010). Çevre psikolojisi, insan mekân ilişkileri (1st ed.). İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Graumann, C. F. (1983). On multiple identities. International Social Science Journal , 35, 309–321.
  • Gustafson, P. (2001). Meanings of place: Everyday experience and theoretical conceptualizations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(1), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.2000.0185
  • Halbwachs, M. (1950). Space and the collective memory. In The collective memory (pp. 128–156). Harper Colophan Books.
  • Hernández, B., Carmen Hidalgo, M., Salazar-Laplace, M. E., & Hess, S. (2007). Place attachment and place identity in natives and non-natives. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(4), 310-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.06.003
  • Karakuş, P. (2007). İzmir Kültürparkı’nın, İzmirliler açısından anlamı ve Kültürpark hakkındaki temsilleri. Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir.
  • Karasu, M., Mehmetoğlu, E., Tuzkaya, F., & Göregenli, M. (2017). Türkiye-Ermenistan ilişkileri ve temsiller: Ermenistan’dan bir bakış [Türkiye-Armenia relations and representations: An outlook from Armenia]. In International Symposium on the effects of Turkish-Armenian relations on the regional policies (From the nineteenth century to present day) proceedings (pp. 419-442). Atatürk Research Center Publications.
  • Korpela, K. M. (1989). Place-identity as a product of environmental self-regulation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 9(3), 241-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(89)80038-6
  • Lalli, M. (1992). Urban-related identity: Theory, measurement, and empirical findings. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 12(4), 285–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80078-7
  • Lewicka, M. (2008). Place attachment, place identity, and place memory: Restoring the forgotten city past. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(3), 209–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.02.001
  • Lineu Castello. (2010). Conceiving place in architecture-urbanism. In Rethinking the Meaning of Place (Vol. 26, p. 276). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315606163
  • Low, S. M., & Altman, I. (1992). Place attachment. In Place attachment (pp. 1–12). Springer. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8753-4_1
  • Mehmetoğlu, E. (2017). İzmir Kent Belleği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Moscovici, S. (1973). “Foreword,” in health and ıllness: A social psychological analysis (C. Herzlich, Ed.). Academic Press.
  • Moscovici, Serge. (1988). Notes towards a description of Social Representations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18(3), 211–250. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420180303
  • Proshansky, H. H., Fabian, A. K., & Kaminoff, R. (1983). Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self. Journal of Environmental Psychology,(3), 57-83.
  • Peker-Dural, H., Mehmetoğlu, E., Karasu, M., Akça, E., Tuzkaya, F., Elçi, C. ve G. (2018). Üniversite öğrencilerinin doğu-batı temsilleri: Ayrımlar, eleştiriler, talepler. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 21(Özel Sayı), 103–116.
  • Proshansky, H. M. (1978). The city and self-identity. Environment and Behavior, 10(2), 147–169. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916578102002
  • Relph, E. (1997). Sense of place. In H. Susan (Ed.), Ten geographic ideas that changed the world (pp. 205–226).
  • Shamai, S. (1991). Sense of place: an empirical measurement. Geoforum, 22(3), 347-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7185(91)90017-K
  • Stedman, R. C. (2002). Toward a social psychology of place: Predicting behavior from place-based cognitions, attitude, and identity. Environment and Behavior, 34(5), 561-581. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916502034005001
  • Sudas, I., & Göregenli, M. (2013). Europe in mind: Social representations of Türkiye-Europe relations in case of Turkish university students. European Journal of Geography, 4(1), 36-47.
  • Tuzkaya, F., Soylu, N. S., Solak, Ç., Peker, H., Peker, M., Özeralp, K., ... & Göregenli, M. (2015). Türkiye in minds: Cognitive and social representations of" East" and" West". International Journal of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, 9(8), 2732-2738.
  • Ujang, N., & Zakariya, K. (2015). The notion of place, place meaning and ıdentity in urban regeneration. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 170, 709-717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.073
  • Ünlü, T. S. (2017). Kent kimliğinin oluşumunda kentsel bellek ve kentsel mekan ilişkisi: Mersin Örneği. Journal of Planning, 27(1), 75-93. https://doi.org/10.14744/planlama.2017.06078

Bilişsel Haritalama Yöntemiyle Bir Yer Olarak Mersin ve Türkiye'nin Sosyal Temsillerini Keşfetme/ Exploring Social Representations of Mersin as a Place and Türkiye With the Cognitive Mapping Method

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 95 - 122, 31.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.47105/nsb.1231319

Abstract

Yerin temsili; coğrafya, kent planlama ve sosyoloji gibi birçok farklı disiplin tarafından incelenmektedir. Yerin temsili üzerine yapılan çalışmalar, yerin temsilinin hem coğrafi, hem sosyal hem de kültürel unsurlardan oluştuğu fikrini paylaşmaktadır. Bu çalışma, Mersin Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin Mersin’e ve Türkiye’ye ilişkin temsillerini ve Mersin’deki davranış pratiklerini incelemek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Çalışmada sosyal ve bilişsel temsillere bilişsel haritalama yoluyla ulaşılmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı doğrultusunda, araştırmanın örneklemini Mersin Üniversitesi'nde öğrenim gören 130 öğrenci oluşturmaktadır. Bu temsillerdeki temel farklılaşmalardan biri Türkiye ve Mersin’e ilişkin temsillerin birbirinden bağımsız ve ilişkisiz olmasıdır. En önemli bulgu ise; üniversite öğrencilerinin bilişsel haritalarında Mersin Üniversitesi’nin, önemli kent mekânlarının ve komşu ülkelerin neredeyse hiç yer almamasıdır. Mersin ve Türkiye’ye yönelik sosyal ve siyasi eleştiriler ise haritalarda sıklıkla görülmüştür. Katılımcıların haritalarında mekân kullanım pratiklerinin cinsiyete göre farklılaştığı saptanmıştır. Kadınların erkeklere kıyasla mekân kullanım pratikleri ve mekân kullanım çeşitlilikleri oldukça sınırlıdır. Çalışmada, Mersin Üniversitesi öğrencilerinin Mersin’e dair algıları elde edilen bulgular ışığında çevre psikolojisi perspektifiyle tartışılmıştır.

References

  • Bilgin, N. (2002). Sosyal temsiller açısından Ermeni soykırım iddiaları ve tarihin inşası. Türkiye Armenian Researches Congress
  • Bilgin, N. (2005). Siyaset ve insan (2nd ed.). Bağlam Yayınları.
  • Downs, R. M., Stea, D., & Boulding, K. E. (2017). Image and environment: Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior. In Image and environment: Cognitive mapping and spatial behavior. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203789155
  • Duncan, J. S., & Agnew, J. (Eds.). (1989). The power of place: bringing together geographical and sociological imaginations. Unwin Hyman.
  • Göregenli, M. (2010). Çevre psikolojisi, insan mekân ilişkileri (1st ed.). İstanbul Bilgi Üniversitesi Yayınları.
  • Graumann, C. F. (1983). On multiple identities. International Social Science Journal , 35, 309–321.
  • Gustafson, P. (2001). Meanings of place: Everyday experience and theoretical conceptualizations. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 21(1), 5-16. https://doi.org/10.1006/jevp.2000.0185
  • Halbwachs, M. (1950). Space and the collective memory. In The collective memory (pp. 128–156). Harper Colophan Books.
  • Hernández, B., Carmen Hidalgo, M., Salazar-Laplace, M. E., & Hess, S. (2007). Place attachment and place identity in natives and non-natives. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 27(4), 310-319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2007.06.003
  • Karakuş, P. (2007). İzmir Kültürparkı’nın, İzmirliler açısından anlamı ve Kültürpark hakkındaki temsilleri. Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Yayımlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi, İzmir.
  • Karasu, M., Mehmetoğlu, E., Tuzkaya, F., & Göregenli, M. (2017). Türkiye-Ermenistan ilişkileri ve temsiller: Ermenistan’dan bir bakış [Türkiye-Armenia relations and representations: An outlook from Armenia]. In International Symposium on the effects of Turkish-Armenian relations on the regional policies (From the nineteenth century to present day) proceedings (pp. 419-442). Atatürk Research Center Publications.
  • Korpela, K. M. (1989). Place-identity as a product of environmental self-regulation. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 9(3), 241-256. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(89)80038-6
  • Lalli, M. (1992). Urban-related identity: Theory, measurement, and empirical findings. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 12(4), 285–303. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0272-4944(05)80078-7
  • Lewicka, M. (2008). Place attachment, place identity, and place memory: Restoring the forgotten city past. Journal of Environmental Psychology, 28(3), 209–231. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2008.02.001
  • Lineu Castello. (2010). Conceiving place in architecture-urbanism. In Rethinking the Meaning of Place (Vol. 26, p. 276). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315606163
  • Low, S. M., & Altman, I. (1992). Place attachment. In Place attachment (pp. 1–12). Springer. https://doi.org/DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-8753-4_1
  • Mehmetoğlu, E. (2017). İzmir Kent Belleği. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Ege Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, İzmir.
  • Moscovici, S. (1973). “Foreword,” in health and ıllness: A social psychological analysis (C. Herzlich, Ed.). Academic Press.
  • Moscovici, Serge. (1988). Notes towards a description of Social Representations. European Journal of Social Psychology, 18(3), 211–250. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejsp.2420180303
  • Proshansky, H. H., Fabian, A. K., & Kaminoff, R. (1983). Place-identity: Physical world socialization of the self. Journal of Environmental Psychology,(3), 57-83.
  • Peker-Dural, H., Mehmetoğlu, E., Karasu, M., Akça, E., Tuzkaya, F., Elçi, C. ve G. (2018). Üniversite öğrencilerinin doğu-batı temsilleri: Ayrımlar, eleştiriler, talepler. Türk Psikoloji Yazıları, 21(Özel Sayı), 103–116.
  • Proshansky, H. M. (1978). The city and self-identity. Environment and Behavior, 10(2), 147–169. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916578102002
  • Relph, E. (1997). Sense of place. In H. Susan (Ed.), Ten geographic ideas that changed the world (pp. 205–226).
  • Shamai, S. (1991). Sense of place: an empirical measurement. Geoforum, 22(3), 347-358. https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7185(91)90017-K
  • Stedman, R. C. (2002). Toward a social psychology of place: Predicting behavior from place-based cognitions, attitude, and identity. Environment and Behavior, 34(5), 561-581. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916502034005001
  • Sudas, I., & Göregenli, M. (2013). Europe in mind: Social representations of Türkiye-Europe relations in case of Turkish university students. European Journal of Geography, 4(1), 36-47.
  • Tuzkaya, F., Soylu, N. S., Solak, Ç., Peker, H., Peker, M., Özeralp, K., ... & Göregenli, M. (2015). Türkiye in minds: Cognitive and social representations of" East" and" West". International Journal of Psychological and Behavioral Sciences, 9(8), 2732-2738.
  • Ujang, N., & Zakariya, K. (2015). The notion of place, place meaning and ıdentity in urban regeneration. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 170, 709-717. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2015.01.073
  • Ünlü, T. S. (2017). Kent kimliğinin oluşumunda kentsel bellek ve kentsel mekan ilişkisi: Mersin Örneği. Journal of Planning, 27(1), 75-93. https://doi.org/10.14744/planlama.2017.06078
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Urban Sociology and Community Studies, Psychology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ezgi Mehmetoğlu 0000-0001-9797-0158

Publication Date December 31, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Mehmetoğlu, E. (2023). Exploring Social Representations of Mersin as a Place and Türkiye With the Cognitive Mapping Method/ Bilişsel Haritalama Yöntemiyle Bir Yer Olarak Mersin ve Türkiye’nin Sosyal Temsillerini Keşfetme. Nitel Sosyal Bilimler, 5(2), 95-122. https://doi.org/10.47105/nsb.1231319


 indeksler