HANEHALKI KOMPOZİSYONU BAĞLAMINDA KADINLARIN GÜÇLENMESİ: TEK EBEVEYN OLAN KADINLARIN GÜÇLENMESİNİN ÖLÇÜMÜNE ELEŞTİREL BİR YAKLAŞIM

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 46, 79 - 116, 30.12.2024

Neriman Başak Altan Ayşe Abbasoğlu Özgören

Öz

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, tek ebeveyn ve evli kadınlara odaklanarak, kadınların güçlenmesinin hane halkı kompozisyonuna göre nasıl değiştiğini analiz etmektir. Öte yandan bu çalışma, güçlenmenin nasıl ölçülebileceğini, özellikle hane halkı kompozisyonu değişkenine göre kadınların güçlenmesini analiz ederken hangi bileşenlerin kritik olduğunu ve bileşenlerin sınırlılıklarını tartışmayı da amaçlamaktadır. Çalışma, bu konuları karma yöntem yaklaşımı kullanarak feminist perspektif ile ele almaktadır. Araştırma sorusunu yanıtlamak için 2018 TNSA verileri kullanılmış, kadınların güçlenmesi değişkeni polikorik korelasyon matrisi kullanılarak faktör analizi yoluyla oluşturulmuş ve kadınların güçlenmesi ile açıklayıcı değişkenler arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek için multinomial lojistik regresyon kullanılmıştır. Nicel analizin ardından 18 kadınla derinlemesine görüşmeler yapılarak yaşam deneyimleri, baş etme stratejileri, güçlenme algıları ve benlik imajları tartışılmıştır. Evli ve bakmakla yükümlü olduğu çocuğu bulunan kadınların referans kategori olarak alındığı nicel analiz, tek ebeveyn olan ve bakmakla yükümlü olduğu çocuğu olan kadınların güçlenme düzeyinin yüksek olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Tek ebeveyn olan kadınların işgücü piyasasına girişleri, aile desteği ve kritik eşitsizlikleri de tartışılmıştır. Evli kadınlar için ev işlerinin eşitsiz paylaşımı ve karar alma süreçlerinde sınırlı özerklik, güçlenmelerinin önündeki engeller olarak tanımlanmıştır. Öte yandan, kadınları güçlendiren konuların aslında yük yaratabileceği de ele alınmıştır. Kadınların güçlenmesinin nicel ölçümünün sınırlılıklarına da vurgu yapan bu çalışma, daha derin ve uygulanabilir bir yaklaşımın oluşturulması ve bu konudaki araştırmalar için bir perspektif de sunmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kadının güçlenmesinin ölçümü, hanehalkı kompozisyonu, tek ebeveyn kadınlar

Women’s Empowerment in the Context of Household Composition: A Critical Approach to Measurement of Single-Parent Women’s Empowerment

Öz

The main objective of this study is to analyze how women's empowerment varies by household composition, focusing on single-parent and married women. This study also aims to discuss how empowerment can be measured, which components are critical when analyzing women's empowerment, especially according to the household composition variable, and to address limitations. The factors behind this issue are addressed from a feminist perspective using a mixed method approach. The 2018 TDHS data were used to answer the research question, the variable of women's empowerment was created through factor analysis using a polychoric correlation matrix, and multinomial logistic regression was used to determine the relationships between women's empowerment and explanatory variables. Following the quantitative analysis, in-depth interviews were conducted with 18 women to discuss their life experiences, coping strategies, and perceptions of empowerment and self-image. The quantitative analysis, in which married women with dependent children were taken as the reference category, revealed that the level of empowerment of single-parent women with dependent children was particularly high. Single-parent women's entry into the world of work, family support and critical inequalities have been addressed. For married women, the unequal sharing of household chores and limited autonomy in decision-making were identified as obstacles to their empowerment. On the other hand, it was also discussed that issues that empower women can actually create burdens. This study, which also emphasizes the limitations of the quantitative measurement of women's empowerment, provides a perspective for the creation of a deeper and feasible approach and surveys on this subject, too.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Measurement of women’s empowerment, household composition, single-parent women, mixed-method approach.

Kaynakça

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