An Investigation Of Amorphization In Fe-Al Alloys During Mechanical Alloying
Year 2008,
Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 183 - 192, 30.06.2008
Hakan Gaşan
,
O.nuri Çelik
,
Nedret Aydınbeyli
Abstract
In order to determine the
amorphization time, Fe and Al elemental powder mixtures with composition of Fe10.8Al89.2, Fe50Al50 and Fe80Al20 were mechanically
alloyed in a Spex 8000D Mixer/Mill for up to 96 h. The characterization of
Fe-Al powder mixtures was studied as a function of mechanical alloying time by
X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. A fully amorphous phase
was not observed by X-ray diffraction for Fe10.8Al89.2 and Fe80Al20 even after
96 h mechanical alloying. However, X-ray diffraction observation showed that 50
h mechanical alloying of Fe50Al50 alloy resulted in a fully amorphous phase formation.
References
- [1] J.S.Benjamin, “Fundamentals of mechanical alloying”, Mater.Sci. Forum,
Vols.88-90, pp.1-18, 1992.
- [2] C.Suryanarayana, E.Ivanov and V.V.Boldyrev, “The science and technology
of mechanical alloying”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vols. 304-306, pp.151-158,
2001.
- [3] P.R.Soni, “Mechanical Alloying: Fundamentals and Applications”,
Cambridge International Science Publishing, Cambridge, 1998.
- [4] J.J.deBarbadillo and G.D.Smith, “Recent developments and challenges in the
application of mechanically alloyed, oxide dispersion strengthened alloys”,
Mater.Sci.Forum, Vols.88-90, pp.167-74, 1992.
- [5] C.C. Koch, “The synthesis of non-equilibrium structures by ball-milling”,
Mater.Sci.Forum, Vols.88-90, pp.243-262, 1992.
- [6] C.C. Koch, “Synthesis of nanostructured materials by mechanical milling:
problems and opportunities”, Nanostructured Mater., Vol.9, pp.13–22, 1997.
- [7] F.H. (Sam) Froes, O.N. Senkov and E.G. Baburaj, “Synthesis of
nanocrystalline materials: -an overview”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vol.301,
pp.44-53, 2001.
- [8] C.C. Koch, “Intermetallic matrix composites prepared by mechanical
alloying:- a review”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vol.244, pp.39-48, 1998.
- [9] M. Pekala and D. Oleszak, “Structural and magnetic investigation of
mechanically alloyed Fe10Al90” Mater. Sci. Forum, Vols.235-238, pp. 547-552,
1997.
- [10] D. Oleszak and P.H. Shingu, “Amorphous Fe-Al alloys obtained by
mechanical alloying”, Mater. Sci. Forum., Vols.235-238, pp.91-96, 1997.
- [11] B. Huang, K.N. Ishihara and P.H. Shingu, “Metastable phases of Al-Fe system
by mechanical alloying”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vol.231, pp.72-79, 1997.
- [12] D.A. Eelman, J.R. Dahn, G.R. MacKay and R.A. Dunlap, “An investigation of
mechanically alloyed Fe–Al”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 266,
pp.234-240, 1998.
- [13] M.H. Enayati and M. Salehi, “Formation mechanism of Fe3Al and FeAl
intermetallic compounds during mechanical alloying”, Journal of Mater. Sci.,
Vol.40, pp.3933-3938, 2005.
- [14] D. Oleszak, M. Pekala, E. Jartych and J.K. Zurawicz, “Structure and magnetic
properties of mechanically alloyed Fe50Al50” Mater. Sci. Forum., Vols.269-
272, pp.643-648, 1998.
- [15] M. Krasnowski, A. Grabias and T. Kulik, “Phase transformations during
mechanical alloying of Fe-50%Al and subsequent heating of the milling
product”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol.424, pp.119-127, 2006.
- [16] F. Cardellini, V. Contini, R. Gupta, G. Mazzone, A. Montone, A. Perin and G.
Principi, “Microstructural evolution of Al-Fe powder mixtures during highenergy
ball milling”, Journal of Mater. Sci., Vol.33, pp.2519-2527, 1998.
- [17] M. Hashii, “Change in structure of mechanically alloyed Fe-50%Al powder”,
Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials, Vols.2-6, pp.139-144,
1999.
- [18] R.A. Varin, J. Bystrzycki and A. Calka, “Characterization of nanocrystalline
Fe-45at%Al intermetallic powders obtained by controlled ball milling and the
influence of annealing”, Intermetallics, Vol.7, pp.917-930, 1999.
- [19] Q. Zeng and I. Baker, “Magnetic properties and thermal ordering of
mechanically alloyed Fe-40at%Al”, Intermetallics, Vol.14, pp.396-405, 2006.
- [20] Y. Zou, S. Saji and K. Kusabiraki, “Fast amorphization and crystallization in
Al–Fe binary system by high-energy ball milling”, Mat. Res. Bul., Vol.37,
pp.123-131, 2002.
- [21] D.K.Mukhopadhyay, C.Suryanarayana, F.H.Froes, “Structural evolution in
mechanically alloyed Al-Fe powder mixtures”, Metal. and Mat. Trans. A.,
Vol.26, pp.1939-1946, 1995.
An Investigation Of Amorphization In Fe-Al Alloys During Mechanical Alloying
Year 2008,
Volume: 21 Issue: 1, 183 - 192, 30.06.2008
Hakan Gaşan
,
O.nuri Çelik
,
Nedret Aydınbeyli
Abstract
In order to determine the
amorphization time, Fe and Al elemental powder mixtures with composition of Fe10.8Al89.2, Fe50Al50 and Fe80Al20 were mechanically
alloyed in a Spex 8000D Mixer/Mill for up to 96 h. The characterization of
Fe-Al powder mixtures was studied as a function of mechanical alloying time by
X-ray diffractometry and scanning electron microscopy. A fully amorphous phase
was not observed by X-ray diffraction for Fe10.8Al89.2 and Fe80Al20 even after
96 h mechanical alloying. However, X-ray diffraction observation showed that 50
h mechanical alloying of Fe50Al50 alloy resulted in a fully amorphous phase formation.
References
- [1] J.S.Benjamin, “Fundamentals of mechanical alloying”, Mater.Sci. Forum,
Vols.88-90, pp.1-18, 1992.
- [2] C.Suryanarayana, E.Ivanov and V.V.Boldyrev, “The science and technology
of mechanical alloying”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vols. 304-306, pp.151-158,
2001.
- [3] P.R.Soni, “Mechanical Alloying: Fundamentals and Applications”,
Cambridge International Science Publishing, Cambridge, 1998.
- [4] J.J.deBarbadillo and G.D.Smith, “Recent developments and challenges in the
application of mechanically alloyed, oxide dispersion strengthened alloys”,
Mater.Sci.Forum, Vols.88-90, pp.167-74, 1992.
- [5] C.C. Koch, “The synthesis of non-equilibrium structures by ball-milling”,
Mater.Sci.Forum, Vols.88-90, pp.243-262, 1992.
- [6] C.C. Koch, “Synthesis of nanostructured materials by mechanical milling:
problems and opportunities”, Nanostructured Mater., Vol.9, pp.13–22, 1997.
- [7] F.H. (Sam) Froes, O.N. Senkov and E.G. Baburaj, “Synthesis of
nanocrystalline materials: -an overview”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vol.301,
pp.44-53, 2001.
- [8] C.C. Koch, “Intermetallic matrix composites prepared by mechanical
alloying:- a review”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vol.244, pp.39-48, 1998.
- [9] M. Pekala and D. Oleszak, “Structural and magnetic investigation of
mechanically alloyed Fe10Al90” Mater. Sci. Forum, Vols.235-238, pp. 547-552,
1997.
- [10] D. Oleszak and P.H. Shingu, “Amorphous Fe-Al alloys obtained by
mechanical alloying”, Mater. Sci. Forum., Vols.235-238, pp.91-96, 1997.
- [11] B. Huang, K.N. Ishihara and P.H. Shingu, “Metastable phases of Al-Fe system
by mechanical alloying”, Mater Sci. and Eng. A, Vol.231, pp.72-79, 1997.
- [12] D.A. Eelman, J.R. Dahn, G.R. MacKay and R.A. Dunlap, “An investigation of
mechanically alloyed Fe–Al”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol. 266,
pp.234-240, 1998.
- [13] M.H. Enayati and M. Salehi, “Formation mechanism of Fe3Al and FeAl
intermetallic compounds during mechanical alloying”, Journal of Mater. Sci.,
Vol.40, pp.3933-3938, 2005.
- [14] D. Oleszak, M. Pekala, E. Jartych and J.K. Zurawicz, “Structure and magnetic
properties of mechanically alloyed Fe50Al50” Mater. Sci. Forum., Vols.269-
272, pp.643-648, 1998.
- [15] M. Krasnowski, A. Grabias and T. Kulik, “Phase transformations during
mechanical alloying of Fe-50%Al and subsequent heating of the milling
product”, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, Vol.424, pp.119-127, 2006.
- [16] F. Cardellini, V. Contini, R. Gupta, G. Mazzone, A. Montone, A. Perin and G.
Principi, “Microstructural evolution of Al-Fe powder mixtures during highenergy
ball milling”, Journal of Mater. Sci., Vol.33, pp.2519-2527, 1998.
- [17] M. Hashii, “Change in structure of mechanically alloyed Fe-50%Al powder”,
Journal of Metastable and Nanocrystalline Materials, Vols.2-6, pp.139-144,
1999.
- [18] R.A. Varin, J. Bystrzycki and A. Calka, “Characterization of nanocrystalline
Fe-45at%Al intermetallic powders obtained by controlled ball milling and the
influence of annealing”, Intermetallics, Vol.7, pp.917-930, 1999.
- [19] Q. Zeng and I. Baker, “Magnetic properties and thermal ordering of
mechanically alloyed Fe-40at%Al”, Intermetallics, Vol.14, pp.396-405, 2006.
- [20] Y. Zou, S. Saji and K. Kusabiraki, “Fast amorphization and crystallization in
Al–Fe binary system by high-energy ball milling”, Mat. Res. Bul., Vol.37,
pp.123-131, 2002.
- [21] D.K.Mukhopadhyay, C.Suryanarayana, F.H.Froes, “Structural evolution in
mechanically alloyed Al-Fe powder mixtures”, Metal. and Mat. Trans. A.,
Vol.26, pp.1939-1946, 1995.