AYRIK KOSİNÜS DÖNÜŞÜMÜ DC BİLEŞENLERİ VE ÇOKLU-ADAPTİF ÖLÇEKLEME FAKTÖRLERİ KULLANILARAK DAYANIKLI GÖRÜNTÜ DAMGALAMA
Abstract
Son yıllarda internet kullanımında hem kullanıcı sayısının hem de bağlantı hızlarının artması nedeniyle sayısal bilgilerin çoğaltılması ve işlenmesi yaygın hale gelmiştir. Bu nedenle dijital resimlerin kopyalanma riskine karşı korunması ihtiyacı doğmuştur. Telif hakkının korunması için önerilen yöntemlerden birisi de sayısal görüntünün damgalanmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, ayrık kosinüs dönüşümü (AKD) uzayında katsayıların değiştirilmesiyle dayanıklı bir sayısal damgalama yöntemi gerçekleştirmek ve mevcut yöntemlerin başarımını arttırmak amaçlanmıştır. Çoklu-adaptif ölçekleme faktörleri kullanan önerilen yöntemde, damgalanacak görüntünün tüm blokları uzaysal resim frekansı (URF) metriği ile değerlendirilmiş ve her bloğa doku miktarıyla orantılı olarak bir ölçekleme faktörü atanmıştır. Böylece, damgalanan görüntünün en az bozulmayla ataklara karşı en fazla dayanımı göstermesi amaçlanmıştır. Gerçekleştirilen deneylerde, önerilen çoklu-adaptif ölçekleme faktörü kullanan damgalama yönteminin sabit ve ikili-adaptif ölçekleme faktörü kullanan yöntemlere göre aynı saydamlık düzeyinde ataklara karşı daha başarılı olduğu görülmüştür.
Supporting Institution
Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi
Project Number
FYL-2015-5826
Thanks
Bu çalışma; Erciyes Üniversitesi Bilimsel Araştırma Projeleri Birimi tarafından FYL-2015-5826 kodlu proje ile desteklenmiştir.
References
- Aslantaş, V., Özer, Ş., Öztürk, S. (2006). Tekil Değer Çıkarma Tabanlı Resim Damgalama Tekniklerinin Karşılaştırılması, Elektronik ve Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Sempozyumu ve Fuarı ELECO’ 2006, Bursa, Türkiye, 312-317.
- Aslantas, V., (2008). A singular-value decomposition-based image watermarking using genetic algorithm. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 62 (5): 386-394.
- Boney, L., Tewfik, A. H., Hamdy, K. N., (1996). Digital watermarks for audio signals, Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1996., Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on, 473-480.
- Chao, S.-C., Huang, H.-M., Chen, C.-Y., (2006). Digital watermarking of color image,Electronic Imaging, 605815-605815-12.
- Chang, C.-C., Chen, T.-S., Chung, L.-Z., (2002). A steganographic method based upon JPEG and quantization table modification. Information Sciences, 141 (1): 123-138.
- Chen, Y.-Y., (2007). Medical image compression using DCT-based subband decomposition and modified SPIHT data organization. International journal of medical informatics, 76 (10), 717-725.
- Gordy, J., Bruton, L., (2000). Performance evaluation of digital audio watermarking algorithms, Proceedings Of The IEEE Midwest Symposium On Circuıts And Systems, 456-461.
- Hartung, F. H., Girod, B., (1996). Digital watermarking of raw and compressed video,Advanced Imaging and Network Technologies, 205-213.
- Hsu, C.-T., Wu, J.-L., (1998). Multiresolution watermarking for digital images. Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, 45 (8): 1097-1101.
- Jadhav, A., Kolhekar, M.,(2014). Digital Watermarking in Video for Copyright Protection, Electronic Systems, Signal Processing and Computing Technologies (ICESC), 2014 International Conference on,pp. 140-144.
- Jalil, Z., Mirza, A. M.(2009). A review of digital watermarking techniques for text documents, Information and Multimedia Technology. ICIMT'09. International Conference on, 230-234.
- Jiansheng, M., Sukang, L., Xiaomei, T.,(2009). A digital watermarking algorithm based on DCT and DWT, Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on Web Information Systems and Applications, 104-107.
- Kankanhalli, M. S., Hau, K., (2002). Watermarking of electronic text documents. Electronic Commerce Research, 2 (1-2): 169-187.
- Kong, X., Feng, R., (2001). Watermarking medical signals for telemedicine. Information Technology in Biomedicine, IEEE Transactions on, 5 (3),195-201.
- Koch, E., Zhao, J.,(1995). Towards robust and hidden image copyright labeling, IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing, 452-455.
- Langelaar, G. C., Setyawan, I., Lagendijk, R. L., (2000). Watermarking digital image and video data. A state-of-the-art overview. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 17 (5),
- Lee, S.-J., Jung, S.-H., (2001). A survey of watermarking techniques applied to multimedia, Industrial Electronics, Proceedings. ISIE 2001. IEEE International Symposium on, 272-277.
- Lu, H., Shen, R., Chung, F.-L., (2003). Fragile watermarking scheme for image authentication. Electronics Letters, 39 (12),898-900.
- O'Ruanaidh, J., Pun, T.,(1997).Rotation, translation and scale invariant digital image watermarking, Image Processing, International Conference on,536-536.
- Öztürk, S., (2009). Kırılgan ve Dayanıklı Resim Damgalama Tekniklerinin Başarımının Zeki Optimizasyon Yöntemleri ile Arttırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Ab. D., Doktora Tezi.
- Pan, J.-S., Huang, H.-C., Jain, L. C., (2004). Intelligent watermarking techniques. World scientific.
- Pan, Z., Bolouri, H., (1999). High speed face recognition based on discrete cosine transforms and neural networks.
- Qadir, M. A., Ahmad, I., (2005). Digital text watermarking: secure content delivery and data hiding in digital documents,Security Technology, 2005. CCST 05. 39th Annual 2005 International Carnahan Conference on,101-104.
- Shieh, C.-S., Huang, H.-C., Wang, F.-H., Pan, J.-S., (2004). Genetic watermarking based on transform-domain techniques. Pattern recognition, 37 (3), 555-565.
- Swanson, M. D., Zhu, B., Tewfik, A. H., Boney, L., (1998). Robust audio watermarking using perceptual masking. Signal processing, 66 (3): 337-355.
- Tefas, A., Nikolaidis, N., Pitas, I.,(2009). Chapter 22 - Image Watermarking: Techniques and Applications, in The Essential Guide to Image Processing (Second Edition), Bovik, A., Ed., ed Boston: Academic Press, 597-648.
- Wang, Q., Sun, S., (2000). DCT-based image-independent digital watermarking, Signal Processing Proceedings, WCCC-ICSP 5th International Conference on, 942-945.
- Wolfgang, R. B., Delp, E. J.,(1996). A watermark for digital images," Image Processing, Proceedings., International Conference on, 219-222.
- Yu, Y.-H., Chang, C.-C., Hu, Y.-C., (2005). Hiding secret data in images via predictive coding. Pattern Recognition, 38 (5): 691-705.
- Yu-Ting, P., (2006). Low power block-based watermarking algorithm. IEICE transactions on information and systems, 89 (4): 1507-1514.
ROBUST IMAGE WATERMARKING USING DISCRETE COSINE TRANSFORM DC COMPONENTS AND MULTI-ADAPTIVE SCALING FACTORS
Abstract
In recent years, processing and deployment of digital information has become common, due to the increase in both the number of users and connection speeds in internet use. Therefore, the need to protect digital pictures against the risk of copying has arisen. One of the recommended methods for copyright protection is the watermarking of digital images. In this study, it is aimed to perform a robust digital watermarking method by changing the coefficients in the discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain and to increase the performance of the existing methods. In the proposed method by using multiple adaptive scaling factors, all blocks of the input image are evaluated with the spatial frequency (SF) metric and each block is assigned by a scaling factor proportional to the amount of texture. Therefore, it is aimed that watermarked images exhibit maximum resistance against attacks with minimum deformation. In the experiments performed, it is seen that the proposed multiple adaptive scaling factors method is more efficient against the attacks at the same transparency level than the methods using fixed and dual-adaptive scaling factors
Keywords
Image processing digital watermarking discrete cosine transform robust watermarking DC components
Project Number
FYL-2015-5826
References
- Aslantaş, V., Özer, Ş., Öztürk, S. (2006). Tekil Değer Çıkarma Tabanlı Resim Damgalama Tekniklerinin Karşılaştırılması, Elektronik ve Bilgisayar Mühendisliği Sempozyumu ve Fuarı ELECO’ 2006, Bursa, Türkiye, 312-317.
- Aslantas, V., (2008). A singular-value decomposition-based image watermarking using genetic algorithm. AEU-International Journal of Electronics and Communications, 62 (5): 386-394.
- Boney, L., Tewfik, A. H., Hamdy, K. N., (1996). Digital watermarks for audio signals, Multimedia Computing and Systems, 1996., Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on, 473-480.
- Chao, S.-C., Huang, H.-M., Chen, C.-Y., (2006). Digital watermarking of color image,Electronic Imaging, 605815-605815-12.
- Chang, C.-C., Chen, T.-S., Chung, L.-Z., (2002). A steganographic method based upon JPEG and quantization table modification. Information Sciences, 141 (1): 123-138.
- Chen, Y.-Y., (2007). Medical image compression using DCT-based subband decomposition and modified SPIHT data organization. International journal of medical informatics, 76 (10), 717-725.
- Gordy, J., Bruton, L., (2000). Performance evaluation of digital audio watermarking algorithms, Proceedings Of The IEEE Midwest Symposium On Circuıts And Systems, 456-461.
- Hartung, F. H., Girod, B., (1996). Digital watermarking of raw and compressed video,Advanced Imaging and Network Technologies, 205-213.
- Hsu, C.-T., Wu, J.-L., (1998). Multiresolution watermarking for digital images. Circuits and Systems II: Analog and Digital Signal Processing, IEEE Transactions on, 45 (8): 1097-1101.
- Jadhav, A., Kolhekar, M.,(2014). Digital Watermarking in Video for Copyright Protection, Electronic Systems, Signal Processing and Computing Technologies (ICESC), 2014 International Conference on,pp. 140-144.
- Jalil, Z., Mirza, A. M.(2009). A review of digital watermarking techniques for text documents, Information and Multimedia Technology. ICIMT'09. International Conference on, 230-234.
- Jiansheng, M., Sukang, L., Xiaomei, T.,(2009). A digital watermarking algorithm based on DCT and DWT, Proceedings of the 2009 International Symposium on Web Information Systems and Applications, 104-107.
- Kankanhalli, M. S., Hau, K., (2002). Watermarking of electronic text documents. Electronic Commerce Research, 2 (1-2): 169-187.
- Kong, X., Feng, R., (2001). Watermarking medical signals for telemedicine. Information Technology in Biomedicine, IEEE Transactions on, 5 (3),195-201.
- Koch, E., Zhao, J.,(1995). Towards robust and hidden image copyright labeling, IEEE Workshop on Nonlinear Signal and Image Processing, 452-455.
- Langelaar, G. C., Setyawan, I., Lagendijk, R. L., (2000). Watermarking digital image and video data. A state-of-the-art overview. IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, 17 (5),
- Lee, S.-J., Jung, S.-H., (2001). A survey of watermarking techniques applied to multimedia, Industrial Electronics, Proceedings. ISIE 2001. IEEE International Symposium on, 272-277.
- Lu, H., Shen, R., Chung, F.-L., (2003). Fragile watermarking scheme for image authentication. Electronics Letters, 39 (12),898-900.
- O'Ruanaidh, J., Pun, T.,(1997).Rotation, translation and scale invariant digital image watermarking, Image Processing, International Conference on,536-536.
- Öztürk, S., (2009). Kırılgan ve Dayanıklı Resim Damgalama Tekniklerinin Başarımının Zeki Optimizasyon Yöntemleri ile Arttırılması. Erciyes Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, Elektrik-Elektronik Mühendisliği Ab. D., Doktora Tezi.
- Pan, J.-S., Huang, H.-C., Jain, L. C., (2004). Intelligent watermarking techniques. World scientific.
- Pan, Z., Bolouri, H., (1999). High speed face recognition based on discrete cosine transforms and neural networks.
- Qadir, M. A., Ahmad, I., (2005). Digital text watermarking: secure content delivery and data hiding in digital documents,Security Technology, 2005. CCST 05. 39th Annual 2005 International Carnahan Conference on,101-104.
- Shieh, C.-S., Huang, H.-C., Wang, F.-H., Pan, J.-S., (2004). Genetic watermarking based on transform-domain techniques. Pattern recognition, 37 (3), 555-565.
- Swanson, M. D., Zhu, B., Tewfik, A. H., Boney, L., (1998). Robust audio watermarking using perceptual masking. Signal processing, 66 (3): 337-355.
- Tefas, A., Nikolaidis, N., Pitas, I.,(2009). Chapter 22 - Image Watermarking: Techniques and Applications, in The Essential Guide to Image Processing (Second Edition), Bovik, A., Ed., ed Boston: Academic Press, 597-648.
- Wang, Q., Sun, S., (2000). DCT-based image-independent digital watermarking, Signal Processing Proceedings, WCCC-ICSP 5th International Conference on, 942-945.
- Wolfgang, R. B., Delp, E. J.,(1996). A watermark for digital images," Image Processing, Proceedings., International Conference on, 219-222.
- Yu, Y.-H., Chang, C.-C., Hu, Y.-C., (2005). Hiding secret data in images via predictive coding. Pattern Recognition, 38 (5): 691-705.
- Yu-Ting, P., (2006). Low power block-based watermarking algorithm. IEICE transactions on information and systems, 89 (4): 1507-1514.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Computer Software |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | FYL-2015-5826 |
| Early Pub Date | August 19, 2022 |
| Publication Date | August 18, 2022 |
| Acceptance Date | January 20, 2022 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2022 Volume: 30 Issue: 2 |
