LİBERALLEŞME SÜRECİNDE ÖZELLEŞTİRME, DOĞRUDAN YABANCI YATIRIMLAR VE TİCARET SERBESTLİĞİ: BAZI AB ÜLKELERİ İLE TÜRKİYE KARŞILAŞTIRMASI

Year 2016, Volume: 9 Issue: 4, 251 - 270, 31.10.2016

Betül İnam , Filiz Giray , Selim Tüzüntürk

Abstract

Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyeliği aday ülkeler için bazı kriterlerin sağlanmasını gerektirmektedir. Bunlar; ekonomik, sosyal, siyasal ve hukuki kriterler olarak dört başlıkta telaffuz edilebilir. Küreselleşme ile birlikte artan liberalleşme, AB üyeliği sürecinde aday ülkeler için belirleyici bir ekonomik kriter olarak ön plana çıkmıştır. Liberalleşmenin; özelleştirme, doğrudan yabancı sermaye yatırımları (DYY) ve ticaret serbestliği şeklinde temel göstergeleri bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, aynı gelir düzeyinde olan bazı AB üyesi ülkeler (Bulgaristan, Macaristan ve Romanya) ile Türkiye için liberalleşme düzeyi; özelleştirme, DYY ve ticaret serbestliği göstergelerine dayalı olarak istatistiki yöntemler ile analiz edilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular, özelleştirme, DYY ve ticaret serbestliğinde sadece Türkiye değil ve AB ülkelerinde de yeknesaklık olmadığını göstermiştir. Ayrıca 2004 sonrasında, özelleştirme ve DYY’ ler açısından, Türkiye nispi olarak daha yüksek değerlere ulaşmasına rağmen, ticaret serbestliğinde çok fazla değişim göstermemiştir

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