Britanya ve Batı Avrupa'nın Hıristiyanlaşmasında Kelt Manastır Misyonerliğinin Rolü

Year 2022, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 147 - 172, 15.01.2023

Yasin Güzeldal

https://doi.org/10.51490/oksident.1191191

Cited By: 1

Abstract

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Britanya ve İrlanda’nın Hıristiyanlaşma sürecinde Kelt Hıristiyanlığının Orta Çağ Hıristiyan misyonuna katkısı büyük önem arz etmektedir. Özellikle altıncı yüzyılda Kelt misyoner keşişleri gruplar halinde yola çıkmışlar ve Avrupa’yı dolaşarak dikkat çekici bir misyonerlik hareketi gerçekleştirmişlerdir. Kelt misyonerler gittikleri bölgelerde sadece Hıristiyan olmayanları değil, aynı zamanda Hıristiyan olup yozlaşmış kabul ettikleri kişileri de kapsayan bir misyon anlayışını benimsemişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, öncelikle Britanya ve Batı Avrupa’ya Hıristiyanlığın girişi ve bu bölgelerin yedinci yüzyıla kadar geçirdikleri dinî ve siyasî süreç ele alınmıştır. Ardından Kelt misyonerlerin, Mesih’in mesajı iletmek için çıktıkları yolculukları tanımlayan peregrinatio anlayışından bahsedilmiştir. Bu hareket temelde, Kelt misyonerliğinin üç önemli temsilcisi konumunda olan Aziz Columba (520-597), Aziz Aidan (590-651) ve Aziz Columbanus (543-615) üzerinden incelenmiştir. Bahsi geçen isimlerin, misyonerlik faaliyetlerini yürütürken izledikleri yol, kullandıkları materyaller, karşılaştıkları problemler ve misyon hedefi doğrultusunda uyguladıkları yöntemlerin ortak yönleri ve farklılıkları üzerinde durulmuştur.

Keywords

Dinler Tarihi, Hıristiyanlık, Misyonerlik, Manastırcılık, İrlanda, Britanya, Kelt

The Role of Celtic Monastic Missionaries in the Christianization of Britain and Western Europe

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Celtic Christianity significantly contributed to the medieval Christian mission in the Christianization of Britain and Ireland. The Celtic missionary monks, particularly in the sixth century, set out in groups, traveled across Europe, and carried out the most remarkable missionary movement. The Celtic missionaries employed preaching methods that included non-Christians as well as Christians whom they saw as corrupted. This study examines the introduction of Christianity to Britain and Western Europe, as well as the religious and political developments that occurred in these regions until the seventh century. It also discusses the concept of peregrinatio, which describes the journeys of Celtic missionaries to spread the message of Christ. It analyzes this movement through the three key figures of the Celtic missionary movement: St. Columba (520-597), St. Aidan (590-651), and St. Columbanus (543-615). Finally, it highlights the similarities and differences among the names mentioned above in carrying out their missionary activities, including the materials they used, the problems they encountered, and the methods they used to achieve the missionary objective.

Keywords

History of Religions, Christianity, Missionary, Monasticism, Irleand, Britain, Celtic

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