Corine Modeli Kullanılarak Niğde Şehrinde Toprak Erozyon Riskinin Değerlendirmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 6 Issue: Ek Sayı, 384 - 401, 20.12.2023

Orhun Soydan

https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1299426

Abstract

Bu çalışmada çevresel bilginin koordinasyonu modeli kullanılarak toprak erozyon riski hesaplanmıştır. Çalışmanın amacı toprak özellikleri, eğim ve alan kullanımları dikkate alarak, Niğde ilinin toprak erozyon riskinin belirlenmesidir. Potansiyel (PSER) ve gerçek toprak erozyonu riski (ASER), toprak özellikleri, eğim, iklim faktörleri ve arazi örtüsü verileri gibi faktörler kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. Arc-GIS 10.3 yazılımı kullanılarak veriler üretilmiş ve bu haritalar üzerinde sonuçlar elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen verilere göre çalışma alanının doğu ve güneydoğu kesimlerinde yer alan toprakların %34,72'si orta derecede gerçek toprak erozyonu riski olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Toprakların sırasıyla %51,66'sı düşük ve %13,62'si gerçek toprak erozyonu riski yüksek olarak sınıflandırılmıştır. Gerçek toprak erozyonu riski düşük olan alanlar orta kısımda, yüksek gerçek toprak erozyonu riski olan alanlar ise alanın kuzeybatı kesiminde yer almaktadır. Arazi örtüsü haritası birleştirilerek, potansiyel toprak erozyonu riski düşük olarak sınıflandırılan alanların gerçek toprak erozyonu riski %23,52'den %51,66'ya yükselmiştir. Öte yandan, yüksek ve orta potansiyel toprak erozyonu riski olarak sınıflandırılan toplam alanlar, arazi örtüsü türleri nedeniyle gerçek toprak erozyonu riskinde %76,48'den %48,34'e düşmüştür. Toprak dokusu, arazi örtüsü ve eğimin erozyon riskini etkileyen en önemli faktörler olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışma, GIS (Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri) ve RS (Revize Evrensel Toprak Kaybı Denklemi) ile entegre CORINE modelinin, toprak erozyonu risk değerlendirmesi için çok etkili ve doğru bir potansiyele sahip olduğunu göstermiştir.

Keywords

Çevresel Bilginin Koordinasyonu, Toprak Erozyonu, Uzaktan Algılama, Ekoloji, Arazi Örtüsü

Soil Erosion Risk Assessment in The Niğde Using Corine Model

Abstract

Soil erosion risk was calculated using the coordination of information on the environment (CORINE) model in this study. The aim of the study is to determine the soil erosion risk of Niğde province, taking into account soil properties, slope and land use. Potential (PSER) and actual soil erosion risks (ASER) were determined using factors which were soil properties, slope, climatic factors, and land cover data. Data were produced using Arc-GIS 10.3 software, and results were obtained on these maps. 34.72% of the soils were classified as moderately actual soil erosion risk, which located in the eastern and southeast part of the study area.51.66% and 13.62% of the soils were classified as low and high actual soil erosion risk, respectively. Areas which have low actual soil erosion risk are located in the middle part, and areas which have high actual soil erosion risk are located in the northwest part of the area. The areas which were categorized as low potential soil erosion risk were increased from 23.52% to 51.66% in the actual soil erosion risk, after combining the land cover map. On the other hand, the total areas classified as high and moderate actual soil erosion risk decreased from 76.48% to 48.34% in the actual soil erosion risk due to land cover types. Soil texture, land cover, and slope are the most important factors that affect erosion risk. This study indicated that the CORINE model integrated with GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and RS (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) has a very effective and accurate potential for soil erosion risk assessment.

Keywords

CORINE, Soil Erosion, Remote Sensing, Ecology, Land Cover

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