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The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 1186 - 1201, 25.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1374418

Abstract

Essential properties of the standart Susceptible-Infected-Removed (SIR) model are characterized in terms of the parameter, R_0, known as the basic reproduction number.In the present work, we investigate the dependency of R_0 on contact rates in two distinct cases, the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic for the Netherlands and Istanbul, and the Covid-19 pandemic for the federal states of Germany. For the data from the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic, encompassing seven European countries (including the Netherlands) and Istanbul, Turkey, we show that the basic reproduction number is proportional to the population density. We observe in particular that for the Netherlands and for Istanbul, high population densities may give rise to parameters that lie well outside the accepted ranges in the literature. In addition, for the data from the period between February and June 2020, during the Covid-19 pandemic in the federal states of Germany, we observe that inhomogeneities in a population dominate the effects of population density, possibly due to the curfew and travel restriction practices in force during that period enhence the role of household dynamics. We also observe for the federal states of Germany for the Covid-19 pandemic that demographic factors exert a significant influence on the contact rate and consequently impact the determination of R_0.

References

  • Ahmetolan S., Bilge AH., Demirci A., Peker-Dobie A., Ergonul O. What can we estimate from fatality and infectious case data using the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model? A case study of covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Medicine 2020; 7: 556366.
  • Bilge AH., Samanlioglu F., Ergonul O. On the uniqueness of epidemic models fitting a normalized curve of removed individuals. Journal of Mathematical Biology 2015; 71(4): 767-794.
  • Bilge AH., Samanlioglu F. Determination of epidemic parameters from early phase fatality data: A case study of the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic in Europe. International Journal of Biomathematics 2018; 11(2): 1850021.
  • Boëlle PY., Ansart S., Cori A., Valleron AJ. Transmission parameters of the A/H1N1 (2009) influenza virus pandemic: a review. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 2011; 5(5): 306-316.
  • Chen K., Li Z. The spread rate of SARS-CoV-2 is strongly associated with population density. Journal of Travel Medicine 2020; 27(8): 1-2.

2009 A (H1N1) ve COVID-19 Pandemilerinde Nüfus Yoğunluğunun ve Temas Oranının Rolü

Year 2024, Volume: 7 Issue: 3, 1186 - 1201, 25.06.2024
https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1374418

Abstract

Sağlıklı-Virus bulaşmış- Bulaşıcılığı olmayan (SIR) salgın modelinin temel özellikleri, temel üreme sayısı olarak bilinen R_0 parametresi tarafından belirlenir. Bu çalışmada, R_0'ın Hollanda ve İstanbul'daki 2009 A(H1N1) pandemisi ile Almanya'nın federal eyaletlerindeki Covid-19 pandemisi olmak üzere iki farklı durumdaki temas oranlarına olan bağımlılığı araştırılmıştır. 2009 A(H1N1) pandemisine ait veriler, Hollanda da dahil olmak üzere yedi Avrupa ülkesi ve İstanbul için ele alınmış olup, bu ülkeler için temel üreme sayısının nüfus yoğunluğuna orantılı olduğu gösterilmiştir. Yüksek nüfus yoğunluklarına sahip oldukarı için Hollanda ve İstanbul’a ait R_0 değerlerinin, literatürde kabul edilen aralıkların oldukça dışında kaldığı gözlenmiştir. Ayrıca, 2020 yılının Şubat ve Haziran ayları arasındaki döneme ait veriler kullanılarak, Almanya'nın federal eyaletlerindeki Covid-19 pandemisi sırasında, bir toplumda meydana gelen heterojenliklerin nüfus yoğunluğunun etkilerini domine ettiği göserilmiştir. Bu durumun nedenini olarak, bu dönemde uygulanan sokağa çıkma yasağı ve seyahat kısıtlamaları gibi uygulamaların ev içi dinamiklerin rolünü arttırması olasılığı, tartışılmıştır. Ayrıca, Covid-19 pandemisi için Almanya'nın federal eyaletleri için demografik faktörlerin temas oranı üzerinde önemli bir etkisi olduğunu ve dolayısıyla R_0’ın belirlenmesini etkilediğini gözlenmiştir.

References

  • Ahmetolan S., Bilge AH., Demirci A., Peker-Dobie A., Ergonul O. What can we estimate from fatality and infectious case data using the susceptible-infected-removed (SIR) model? A case study of covid-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Medicine 2020; 7: 556366.
  • Bilge AH., Samanlioglu F., Ergonul O. On the uniqueness of epidemic models fitting a normalized curve of removed individuals. Journal of Mathematical Biology 2015; 71(4): 767-794.
  • Bilge AH., Samanlioglu F. Determination of epidemic parameters from early phase fatality data: A case study of the 2009 A(H1N1) pandemic in Europe. International Journal of Biomathematics 2018; 11(2): 1850021.
  • Boëlle PY., Ansart S., Cori A., Valleron AJ. Transmission parameters of the A/H1N1 (2009) influenza virus pandemic: a review. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 2011; 5(5): 306-316.
  • Chen K., Li Z. The spread rate of SARS-CoV-2 is strongly associated with population density. Journal of Travel Medicine 2020; 27(8): 1-2.
There are 5 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Biological Mathematics
Journal Section RESEARCH ARTICLES
Authors

Ayse Peker-dobie

Semra Ahmetolan 0000-0003-1003-7918

Ayşe Hümeyra Bilge

Ali Demirci

Burak Erkan Kaya 0000-0002-9110-0765

Publication Date June 25, 2024
Submission Date October 12, 2023
Acceptance Date January 24, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Volume: 7 Issue: 3

Cite

APA Peker-dobie, A., Ahmetolan, S., Bilge, A. H., Demirci, A., et al. (2024). The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 7(3), 1186-1201. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1374418
AMA Peker-dobie A, Ahmetolan S, Bilge AH, Demirci A, Kaya BE. The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences. June 2024;7(3):1186-1201. doi:10.47495/okufbed.1374418
Chicago Peker-dobie, Ayse, Semra Ahmetolan, Ayşe Hümeyra Bilge, Ali Demirci, and Burak Erkan Kaya. “The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 7, no. 3 (June 2024): 1186-1201. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1374418.
EndNote Peker-dobie A, Ahmetolan S, Bilge AH, Demirci A, Kaya BE (June 1, 2024) The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 7 3 1186–1201.
IEEE A. Peker-dobie, S. Ahmetolan, A. H. Bilge, A. Demirci, and B. E. Kaya, “The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics”, Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences, vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 1186–1201, 2024, doi: 10.47495/okufbed.1374418.
ISNAD Peker-dobie, Ayse et al. “The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi 7/3 (June 2024), 1186-1201. https://doi.org/10.47495/okufbed.1374418.
JAMA Peker-dobie A, Ahmetolan S, Bilge AH, Demirci A, Kaya BE. The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences. 2024;7:1186–1201.
MLA Peker-dobie, Ayse et al. “The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics”. Osmaniye Korkut Ata Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, vol. 7, no. 3, 2024, pp. 1186-01, doi:10.47495/okufbed.1374418.
Vancouver Peker-dobie A, Ahmetolan S, Bilge AH, Demirci A, Kaya BE. The Role of Population Density and Contact Rates for 2009 A (H1N1) and Covid-19 Pandemics. Osmaniye Korkut Ata University Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences. 2024;7(3):1186-201.

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