Türkiye’de Yeni Arazi Yasası Sonrası Arazi Piyasaları Uygulamaları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2022, Volume: 37 Issue: 1, 189 - 202, 14.02.2022

Şenol Özdemir Metin Türker , Hasan Şanlı Hüseyin Tayyar Güldal , Ahmet Özçelik

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.957445

Abstract

Türkiye’de tarım arazilerinin küçük ölçekli, hisseli, parçalı ve dağınık yapıda olması, tarım işletmelerinin etkin ve verimli yönetimini olumsuz etkilemektedir. Dünyada gelişmiş ve gelişmekte olan ülkeler, kurulduklarından bu yana yeni teknik ve teorileri de içine alan yasal ve kurumsal birçok yapısal oluşum içinde olmuş, ancak yönetimsel olarak tarım arazilerinin piyasasının kontrol altına alınmasında zorluklar yaşamışlardır. Türkiye tarımında da yaşanan bu sorunları çözebilmek ve sürdürülebilir bir arazi piyasasını oluşturabilmek için 2005 yılında yürürlüğe giren 5403 sayılı Toprak Koruma ve Arazi Kullanımı Kanunu önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmada, Karaman ilinde 2018-2019 üretim döneminde tarım arazisi alım-satımı gerçekleştiren üreticilerin sosyo-ekonomik özellikleri ile arazi piyasasına ilişkin görüşleri ve yeni arazi yasası sonrası oluşan yapısal gelişmeler incelenmiştir. Analiz sonucunda işletmelerin tarımsal faaliyetlerle bizzat ilgilenme durumları, eğitim durumları, tarım dışı gelirlerinin durumu ile arazilerin satıcısı veya alıcısı olma durumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilmiştir. Üreticilerin %27,52’si arazi büyüklüğünün fiyata etki ettiğini belirtirken, %23,85’i verimin fiyat üzerinde en önemli ikinci faktör olduğunu belirtmişlerdir. Satıcıların %45,83’ünün arazisini borçları için sattığı ve satışı yapılan arazilerin de %66,67’sinin bedelinin peşin olarak ödendiği tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

Arazi Bölünmesi, Arazi Piyasası, Arazi Satışı, Yeni Arazi Yasası

A Study on Land Market in Turkey After The New Land Law

Abstract

The small, shared, fragmented and dispersed structure of agricultural lands in Turkey negatively affects farms’ effective and efficient management. Developed countries and developing countries have been involved in many legal and institutional structural formations, including new techniques and theories since their establishment, but they have experienced difficulties in controlling the market of agricultural lands administratively. To solve these problems, which happened in Turkey in agriculture and to create a sustainable land market was enacted in the year 2005 5403 No. Soil Conservation and Land Use Law is essential. In this study, the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers who buy and sell agricultural land in the province of Karaman in the 2018-2019 production period and their views on the land market and the structural developments after the new land law are examined. As a result of the analysis, a meaningful relationship was found between the personal interest of the farms in agricultural activities, their educational status, their non-agricultural income, and their status as the seller or buyer of the land. While 27.52% of the farmers stated that the land size affects the price, 23.85% of them stated that efficiency was the second most crucial factor on the price. It was determined that 45.83% of the sellers sold their land for their debts, and 66.67% of the lands sold were paid in advance.

Keywords

Land Division, Land Market, Land Sale, New Land Law

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