Integrated control of Echinochloa crus-galli resistant to ALS and ACCase inhibitor herbicides

Year 2023, Volume: 38 Issue: 3, 619 - 636, 26.10.2023

Emine Kaya Altop , Hüsrev Mennan

https://doi.org/10.7161/omuanajas.1329376

Abstract

Rice is an important grain crop due to its high domestic consumption and important role in terms of food security globally. Because of the difficulty of crop rotation and fallow-free cultivation in rice production, competitive weed species that have the capacity to reproduce rapidly and are adapted to water have become a problem. The strong negative effects of weeds on rice yield and farm profits have created a demand for cost-effective weed management strategies. As a result of the use of herbicides with the same mode of action for many years, the number and population of weed species resistant to herbicides have increased rapidly. So integrated weed control is the only method and an important solution in managing these weeds that should be developed according to the countries' production systems. Echiochloa crus-galli (Barnyardgrass) is one of the earliest resistant weeds adapted to rice production areas. For effective weed management; it aimed to determine the interaction between the cultivation method, water management and rice varieties (Osmancık, Gönen, Koral). The trials were carried out in Turkiye's Marmara and Black Sea Regions. Experiments were carried out with four replications. The water level (especially the high water level) not only had a highly suppressive effect against weeds but also helped to increase the growth and yield of the rice. The deep and medium water levels increased the rice's tillering number and dry weight. The obtained data revealed that better rice growth and high yield can be achieved by maintaining the water level in rice cultivation areas. The development of competitive and local rice varieties is seen as a viable approach in an integrated herbicide-resistant weed control program.

Keywords

Echinochloa crus-galli, Cultural Control, Rice, Integrated Management

Supporting Institution

TUBİTAK

Project Number

TOVAG 2140446

Thanks

The authors thank TÜBİTAK for financial support.

ALS ve ACCase inhibitörü herbisitlere dayanıklı Echinochloa crus-galli'nin entegre mücadelesi

Abstract

Çeltik, yüksek iç tüketimi ve küresel olarak gıda güvenliği açısından önemli rolü nedeniyle önemli bir tahıl ürünüdür. Çeltik üretiminde münavebe ve nadassız ekimin zorluğu nedeniyle, hızlı üreme kapasitesine sahip, suya adapte olmuş rekabetçi yabancı ot türleri sorun haline gelmiştir. Yabani otların pirinç verimi ve çiftlik kârları üzerindeki güçlü olumsuz etkileri, uygun maliyetli yabani ot yönetimi stratejileri için bir talep yarattı. Uzun yıllar aynı etki mekanizmasına sahip herbisitlerin kullanılması sonucunda herbisitlere dayanıklı yabancı ot türlerinin sayısı ve populasyonu hızla artmıştır. Dolayısıyla entegre yabancı ot kontrolü, ülkelerin üretim sistemlerine göre geliştirilmesi gereken bu yabancı otlarla mücadelede tek yöntem ve önemli bir çözümdür. Echiochloa crus-galli (Darıcan), çeltik üretim alanlarına uyum sağlamış en erken yabani otlardan biridir. Etkili yabancı ot yönetimi için; yetiştirme yöntemi, su yönetimi ve çeltik çeşitleri (Osmancık, Gönen, Koral) arasındaki etkileşimin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Denemeler Türkiye'nin Marmara ve Karadeniz Bölgelerinde, dört tekerrürlü olarak yürütülmüştür. Su seviyesi (özellikle yüksek su seviyesi) sadece yabani otlara karşı oldukça baskılayıcı bir etkiye sahip olmakla kalmayıp, aynı zamanda pirincin büyümesini ve verimini artırmaya da yardımcı olmuştur. Derin ve orta su seviyeleri, pirincin kardeşlenme sayısını ve kuru ağırlığını artırmıştır. Elde edilen veriler, çeltik ekim alanlarında su seviyesinin korunması ile daha iyi çeltik gelişimi ve yüksek verim elde edilebileceğini ortaya koymuştur. Rekabetçi ve yerel çeltik çeşitlerinin geliştirilmesi, herbisite dayanıklı yabancı otlarla entegre mücadele programında geçerli bir yaklaşım olarak görülmektedir.

Keywords

Echinochloa crus-galli, Kültürel Mücade, Çeltik, Entegre Mücadele

Project Number

TOVAG 2140446

References

• Anonymous, 2022, http://www.weedscience.org. (Accession date: 10.04.2023)
• Ampong-Nyarko, K., De Data, S.K., 1991. Handbook for weed control in rice. Int. RiceResearch Inst. Manila, Philippines.
• Azmi M., Watanabe, H., Abdullah, M.Z. 1994. Morpohological characteristics of padi angin. In: Padi Angin Workshop. MARDI. Penang, Malaysia, 54.
• Callaway, M.B., Forcella, F. 1992. ‘Crop tolerance to weeds’. In: Callaway, M.B., Francis, C.A. (Eds.), Crop Improvement for Sustainable Agriculture. University of Nebraska Press, Lincoln, NE, pp. 100–131.
• Caton, B.P., Cope, A.E., Mortimer, M. 2003. Growth traits of diverse rice cultivars under severe competition: implications for screening for competitiveness. Field Crop Res 83, 157–172.
• Chauhan, B.S., Johnson, D.E. 2011. Row spacing and weed control timing affect yield of aerobic rice. 121:2,. 226-231.
• Chauhan, B.S., Abugho S.B. 2013. Effect of crop residue on seedling emergence and growth of selected weed species in a sprinkler- irrigated zero-till dry-seeded rice system. Weed Science, 61, 403–409.
• Damalas, C.A., Dhima, K.V., Eleftherohorinos, I.G. 2008. Bispyribac-sodium efficacy on early watergrass (Echinochloa oryzoides) and late watergrass (Echinochloa phyllopogon) as affected by co application of selected rice herbicides and insecticides. Weed Technology, 22, 622–627.
• Ekeleme, F., 2009. ‘Response of upland rice cultivars to weed competition in the savannas o West Africa. Crop Protection, 28, 90-96.
• Estorninos, L.E., Gealy, E.E., Gbur, R.E., Talbert, M.R. McClleland., 2005. Rice and red rice interference. II. Rice response to population densities of three red rice (Oryza sativa)’’. Weed Science., 53, 683-689.
• FAO, 2022. “FAO Statistical Databases”. http://faostat.fao.org/. (Accesion date: 01.02.2023).
• Fischer, A.J., Ramirez, H.V., Lozano, J., 1997. Suppression of jun- glerice [Echinochloa colona (L.) Link] by irrigated rice cultivars in Latin America. Agron. J. 89, 516e552.
• Fischer, A.J., Bayer, D.E., Carriere, M.D., Ateh, C.M., Yim K.O., 2000. Mechanisms of Resistance to Bispyribac-Sodium in an Echinochloa phyllopogon. Pesticide Biochemistry and Physiology, 68, 156–165.
• Garrity, D.P., Movillon, M., Moody, K., 1992. Differential weed suppression ability in upland rice cultivars. Agron. Journal, 84, 586-591.
• Gealy, D.R., Wailes, E.J., Estorninos Jr., L.E., Chavez, R.S.C., 2003. Rice cultivar differences in suppression of barnyardgrass (Echnochloa crus-galli) and economics of reduced propanil rates. Weed Science, 601-609.
• Gibson, K.D., Fischer, A.J. Foin, T.C., Hill. J.E., 2003a. Crop traits related to weed suppression in water-seeded rice (Oryza sativa L). Weed Science, 51, 87–93.
• Gibson, K.D., Fischer, A.J., 2003b. Competitiveness of rice cultivars as a tool for crop-based weed management. In Inderjit, ed. Weed Management in Agroecosystems. New York: Kluwer.
• Holm, L., Plucknett D., Pancho, J., Herberger, J., 1977. The World's Worst Weeds: Distribution and Biology. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu. xii + 609 pp.
• Işık D., Mennan, H., 2001. Çeltikte darıcan (Echinochloa crus-galli) (L. P. Beauv), Kurbağa kaşığı (Alisma plantago-aquatica L.) ve sandalye sazının (Scirpus ucranarus Pollich) rekabet yeteneklerinin araştırılması. Türkiye Herboloji Dergisi, 42, 47-57.
• Itah, K., Wang, G.X., Ohba, S., 1999. Sulfonylurea resistance in Lindernia micrantha an annual paddy weed in Japan. Weed Research, 39, 413–423.
• Johnson, D.E., Mortimer, A.M., 2005. Issues for weed management in direct‐seeded riceand the development of decision‐support framework. In ‘‘Direct‐Seeding of Rice and WeedManagement in the Irrigated Rice‐Wheat Cropping System of the Indo Gangetic Plains’’(Y. Singh, G. Singh, V. P. Singh, P. Singh, B. Hardy, D. E. Johnson, and M. Mortimer,Eds.), p. 20. Directorate of Experiment Station, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture andTechnology, Pantnagar, India.
• Mennan, H., Doğan, M.N., Yılmaz, Kutluk, N.D., Çankaya, S., Gönen, O., 2012. Çeltik ekim alanlarında sorun olan önemli bazı yabancı otların genetik çeşitliliklerinin belirlenmesi ve ALS-ACCase inhibitörü herbisitlere dayanıklı biotiplerinin moleküler ve bioassay yöntemlerle saptanması”. TÜBİTAK TOVAG Kesin Sonuç Raporu. 108O371, 1-144.
• Mennan, H., Kaya-Altop, E., 2012. Molecular techniques for discrimination of late watergrass (Echinochloa oryzicola) and early watergrass (Echinochloa oryzoides) species in Turkish rice production. Weed Science, 60(2) 525-530.
• Moody, K., 1996. Weed management in upland rice. In Auld, B.A. and Kim, K.V. (Eds). Weed management in rice food and Agric. Organ of the United Nation, s.89-98, Rome.
• Ottis, B.V., Smith, K.L., Scott, R.C., Talbert, R.E., 2005. Rice (Oryza sativa L.) yield and quality as affected by cultivar and red rice (Oryza sativa L.) density. Weed Science, 53, 499–504.
• Özer, Z., Kadıoğlu, İ., Önen, H., Tursun, N., 2001. Herboloji (Yabancı Ot Bilimi). Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Yayınları, No: 20 Kitap Seri No: 10, Tokat.
• Pester, T.A., Burnside, O.C., Orf. J.H., 1999. ‘Increasing crop competitiveness to weeds through crop breeding. Pages 59–76 in D. Buhler, ed. Expanding the Context of Weed Management. New York: Haworth.
• Radosevich, S.R., Holt, J.S., 1984. Weed ecology: implications for management. New York: John Wiley & Sons, 265 p.
• Rutger, J.N., 1993. New World hybridization candidates for cultivated rice. In M. T Clegg, L. V. Giddings, C. S. Lewis, and J. H. Barton, eds. Rice Biosafety. World Bank Technical Paper. Biotechnology Ser. 1. Washing- ton, DC: USDA-APHIS. Pp. A-21-A-22.
• Ruiz-Santaella, J.P.R., Bastida, F.F., A.R., De. Prado R., 2006. Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Different Echinochloa spp. and Oryza sativa Populations. Journal Agriculture Food Chemistry, 54, 1166-1172.
• Saito, K., Azoma, K., Rodenburg, J., 2010. Plant characteristics associated with weed competitiveness of rice under upland and lowland conditions in West Africa. Field Crops Research, 116, 308-317.
• Savary, S., Srivastava, R.K., Singh, H.M., Elazegui, F.A., 1997. A characterisation of rice pests and quantification of yield losses in the rice–wheat system of India. Crop Protection, 16, 387–398.
• Savary, S., Willocquet, L., Elazegui, F.A., Castilla, N.P., Teng, P.S., 2000. Rice pest constraints in tropical Asia: quantification of yield losses due to rice pests in a range of production situations. Plant Disease, 84, 357–369.
• Talbert, R.E., Burgos, N.R., 2007. History and management of herbicide-resistant barnyardgrass (Echinochloa crus-galli) in Arkansas rice. Weed Technology, 21:324-331.
• Watanabe, H., Ismail, M.Z., Ho, N., 1997. A Response of 2,4-D resistant biotype of Fimbristylis miliacea (L.) Vahl. To 2,4-D dimethylamine and ıts distribution in the Mudo Plain, Peninsular Malaysia. Weed Research, 42, 240-249.