Research Article
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Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on patients admitted to neurosurgery outpatient

Year 2022, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 149 - 155, 01.01.2022

Eyüp Çetin , Mehmet Edip Akyol

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan, China, and was declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020. Throughout the pandemic period, numerous countries around the world have implemented nationwide isolation measures to control the spread and transmission of COVID-19. During this period, the prevalence of some physical and mental diseases have increased due to prolonged home isolation measures. In the present study, we aimed to examine the effect of the COVID-19 isolation measures imposed in Turkey on patients admitted to our neurosurgery outpatient clinic.

Keywords

Isolation low back pain COVID-19 pandemic headache

Supporting Institution

Disclosure of Funding: None.

References

  • 1. Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, Iosifidis C, Agha R. “World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19),” Int. J. Surg., vol. 76, pp. 71–76, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034.
  • 2. Gostin LO, Wiley LF. “Governmental Public Health Powers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Stay-at-home Orders, Business Closures, and Travel Restrictions,” JAMA - J. Am. Med. Assoc., vol. 323, no. 21, pp. 2137–2138, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.5460.
  • 3. Eroğlu Y. “Forecasting Models For COVID-19 Cases of Turkey Using Artificial Neural Networks and Deep Learning.,” Endüstri Mühendisliği, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 353–372, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.46465/endustrimuhendisligi.771646.
  • 4. Fowler JH, Hill SJ, Levin R, Obradovich N. “The effect of stay-at-home orders on COVID-19 cases and fatalities in the United States,” medRxiv, Apr. 2020, Accessed: Mar. 23, 2021. [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.06098.
  • 5. Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19). StatPearls Publishing, 2020.
  • 6. Holth HS, Werpen HKB, Zwart JA, Hagen K. “Physical inactivity is associated with chronic musculoskeletal complaints 11 years later: Results from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study,” BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Dec. 2008, doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-9-159.
  • 7. Lippi G, Henry BM, Bovo C, Sanchis-Gomar F. “Health risks and potential remedies during prolonged lockdowns for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),” Diagnosis (Berlin, Ger., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 85–90, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1515/dx-2020-0041.
  • 8. Stanaway JD et al. “Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017,” Lancet, vol. 392, no. 10159, pp. 1923–1994, Nov. 2018, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32225-6.
  • 9. Fatoye F, Gebrye T, Odeyemi I. “Real-world incidence and prevalence of low back pain using routinely collected data,” Rheumatology International, vol. 39, no. 4. Springer Verlag, pp. 619–626, Apr. 10, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s00296-019-04273-0.
  • 10. Meisha DE, Alsharqawi NS, Samarah AA, Al-Ghamdi MY. “Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and ergonomic practice among dentists in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,” Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dent., vol. 11, pp. 171–179, 2019, doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S204433.
  • 11. Şimşek Ş, Yağci N, Şenol H. “Prevalence of and risk factors for low back pain among healthcare workers in Denizli Denizli’de sağlık çalışanlarında bel ağrısı prevelansı ve risk faktörleri PAIN A RI,” Agri, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 71–78, 2017, doi: 10.5505/agri.2017.32549.
  • 12. Dutmer AL, Preuper HRS, Soer R, Brouwer S, Bültmann U, Dijkstra PU et al. “Personal and Societal Impact of Low Back Pain,” Spine (Phila. Pa. 1976)., vol. 44, no. 24, pp. E1443–E1451, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000003174.
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  • 16. Messenger J, Oscar VL, Lutz G, Simon B, Greet V, Mathijn Wilkens. “Working anytime, anywhere: The effects on the world of work,” 2017, doi: 10.2806/425484.
  • 17. Will JS, Bury DC, Miller JA. “Mechanical Low Back Pain” Am Fam Fhysician, no. 98, pp. 421–428, 2018, Accessed: Mar. 23, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30252425/.
  • 18. Baker R, Coenen P, Howie E, Williamson A, Straker L. “The short term musculoskeletal and cognitive effects of prolonged sitting during office computer work,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 15, no. 8, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.3390/ijerph15081678.
  • 19. Vittersø J, Akselsen S, Evjemo B, Julsrud TE, Yttri B, Bergvik S. “Impacts of Home-Based Telework on Quality of Life for Employees and Their Partners. Quantitative and Qualitative Results From a European Survey,” J. Happiness Stud., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 201–233, 2003, doi: 10.1023/A:1024490621548.
  • 20. Mathew KVB, Walarine MT. “Neck pain among smartphone users: an imminent public health issue during the pandemic time,” J. Ideas Heal., vol. 3, no. Special1, pp. 201–204, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.47108/jidhealth.vol3.issspecial1.65.
  • 21. Király O, Potenza MN, Stein DJ, King DL, Hodgins DC, Saunders JB, et al. “Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance,” Compr. Psychiatry, vol. 100, p. 152180, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152180.
  • 22. Sun Y, Li Y, Bao Y, Meng S, Sun Y, et al. “Brief Report: Increased Addictive Internet and Substance Use Behavior During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in China,” Am. J. Addict., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 268–270, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1111/ajad.13066.
  • 23. Ding D, Li J. “Smartphone Overuse – A Growing Public Health Issue,” 2017, doi: 10.4172/2161-0487.1000289.
  • 24. Matar Boumosleh J, Jaalouk D. “Depression, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in university students- A cross sectional study,” PLoS One, vol. 12, no. 8, p. e0182239, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182239.
  • 25. Moretti A, Menna F, Aulicino M, Paoletta M, Liguori S, Iolascon G. “Characterization of Home Working Population during COVID-19 Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Analysis,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 17, no. 17, p. 6284, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176284.
  • 26. Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Birbeck GL. “Migraine: The Seventh Disabler,” Headache J. Head Face Pain, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 227–229, Feb. 2013, doi: 10.1111/head.12034.
  • 27. Pedraza MI, Mulero P, Ruíz M, de la Cruz C, Herrero S, Guerrero AL. “Características de los 2.000 primeros pacientes registrados en una consulta monográfica de cefaleas,” Neurologia, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 208–213, May 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2013.12.010.
  • 28. Albers L, Straube A, Landgraf MN, Heinen F von Kries R. “High diagnostic stability of confirmed migraine and confirmed tension-type headache according to the ICHD-3 beta in adolescents,” J. Headache Pain, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–5, Dec. 2014, doi: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-36.
  • 29. Belvis R. “Headaches During COVID‐19: My Clinical Case and Review of the Literature,” Headache J. Head Face Pain, vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 1422–1426, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1111/head.13841.
  • 30. Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu YJ, Ma YP, Ye RX, Wang QZ, Sun C, S Sean, Rozelle S, Raat H, Zhou H. “Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: A scoping review,” Infectious Diseases of Poverty, vol. 9, no. 1. BioMed Central Ltd., p. 29, Mar. 17, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x.
  • 31. Borges do Nascimento IJ, Cacic N, Abdulazeem HM, von Groote TC, Jayarajah U, Weerasekara I, et al. “Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in Humans: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis,” J. Clin. Med., vol. 9, no. 4, p. 941, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.3390/jcm9040941.
  • 32. Yamada K, Wakaizumi K. “Loneliness, social isolation, and pain following the COVID-19 outbreak: data from a nationwide internet survey in Japan,” doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-240504/v1.
  • 33. Mahase E. “Covid-19: Mental health consequences of pandemic need urgent research, paper advises,” BMJ, vol. 369, p. m1515, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1515.
  • 34. Pierce M, Hope H, Ford T, Hatch S, Hotopf M, John, et al. “Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal probability sample survey of the UK population,” The Lancet Psychiatry, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 883–892, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30308-4.
  • 35. Tsamakis K, Triantafyllis AS, Tsiptsios D, Spartalis E, et al. “COVID‑19 related stress exacerbates common physical and mental pathologies and affects treatment (Review),” Exp. Ther. Med., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 159–162, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8671.
  • 36. Hawryluck L, Gold WL, Robinson S, Pogorski S, Galea S, Styra R. “SARS control and psychological effects of quarantine, Toronto, Canada,” Emerg. Infect. Dis., vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 1206–1212, 2004, doi: 10.3201/eid1007.030703.
  • 37. Wang R, Hozumi Y, Yin C, Wei GV. “Mutations on COVID-19 diagnostic targets,” Genomics, vol. 112, no. 6, pp. 5204–5213, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.028.
  • 38. Haider N, Yusuf Osman A, Gadzepko A, Akipede GO, Asogun D, Ansumana R, et al. “Lockdown measures in response to COVID-19 in nine sub-Saharan African countries,” BMJ Publishing Group, Oct. 2020. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003319.
  • 39. Bogart LM, Ojikutu BO, Tyagi K, Klein DJ, Mutchler MG, Dong L, Lawrence SJ, et al. “COVID-19 Related Medical Mistrust, Health Impacts, and Potential Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Americans Living With HIV,” J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr., vol. 86, no. 2, pp. 200–207, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002570.
  • 40. Almufarrij I, Munro KJ. “One year on: an updated systematic review of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and audio-vestibular symptoms,” Int. J. Audiol., pp. 1–11, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1896793.
  • 41. Eckhardt-Henn A, Best C, Bense S, Breuer P, Diener G, Tschan R, et al. “Psychiatric comorbidity in different organic vertigo syndromes,” J. Neurol., vol. 255, no. 3, pp. 420–428, Mar. 2008, doi: 10.1007/s00415-008-0697-x.
  • 42. Cole SW. “Social regulation of human gene expression: Mechanisms and implications for public health,” Am. J. Public Health, vol. 103, no. SUPPL.1, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301183.
  • 43. Creswell JD, Irwin MR, Burklund LJ, Lieberman MD, Arevalo JMG, Ma J, et al. “Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction training reduces loneliness and pro-inflammatory gene expression in older adults: A small randomized controlled trial,” Brain. Behav. Immun., vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1095–1101, Oct. 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.006.
  • 44. Garcia MA, Li X, Allen PA, Delahanty DL, Eppelheimer M, Houston JR, et al. “Impact of Surgical Status, Loneliness, and Disability on Interleukin 6, C-Reactive Protein, Cortisol, and Estrogen in Females with Symptomatic Type I Chiari Malformation,” Cerebellum, pp. 1–15, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s12311-021-01251-w.
  • 45. Varga TV, Bu F, Dissing AS, Elsenburg LK, Bustamente JJH, Matta J, et al. “Loneliness, worries, anxiety, and precautionary behaviours in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal analysis of 200,000 Western and Northern Europeans,” Lancet Reg. Heal. - Eur., vol. 2, p. 100020, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2020.100020.

Year 2022, Volume: 39 Issue: 1, 149 - 155, 01.01.2022

Eyüp Çetin , Mehmet Edip Akyol

Abstract

References

  • 1. Sohrabi C, Alsafi Z, O’Neill N, Kerwan A, Al-Jabir A, Iosifidis C, Agha R. “World Health Organization declares global emergency: A review of the 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19),” Int. J. Surg., vol. 76, pp. 71–76, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ijsu.2020.02.034.
  • 2. Gostin LO, Wiley LF. “Governmental Public Health Powers during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Stay-at-home Orders, Business Closures, and Travel Restrictions,” JAMA - J. Am. Med. Assoc., vol. 323, no. 21, pp. 2137–2138, Jun. 2020, doi: 10.1001/jama.2020.5460.
  • 3. Eroğlu Y. “Forecasting Models For COVID-19 Cases of Turkey Using Artificial Neural Networks and Deep Learning.,” Endüstri Mühendisliği, vol. 31, no. 3, pp. 353–372, Dec. 2020, doi: 10.46465/endustrimuhendisligi.771646.
  • 4. Fowler JH, Hill SJ, Levin R, Obradovich N. “The effect of stay-at-home orders on COVID-19 cases and fatalities in the United States,” medRxiv, Apr. 2020, Accessed: Mar. 23, 2021. [Online]. Available: http://arxiv.org/abs/2004.06098.
  • 5. Cascella M, Rajnik M, Cuomo A, Dulebohn SC, Di Napoli R. Features, Evaluation and Treatment Coronavirus (COVID-19). StatPearls Publishing, 2020.
  • 6. Holth HS, Werpen HKB, Zwart JA, Hagen K. “Physical inactivity is associated with chronic musculoskeletal complaints 11 years later: Results from the Nord-Trøndelag Health Study,” BMC Musculoskelet. Disord., vol. 9, no. 1, pp. 1–7, Dec. 2008, doi: 10.1186/1471-2474-9-159.
  • 7. Lippi G, Henry BM, Bovo C, Sanchis-Gomar F. “Health risks and potential remedies during prolonged lockdowns for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19),” Diagnosis (Berlin, Ger., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 85–90, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1515/dx-2020-0041.
  • 8. Stanaway JD et al. “Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017,” Lancet, vol. 392, no. 10159, pp. 1923–1994, Nov. 2018, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)32225-6.
  • 9. Fatoye F, Gebrye T, Odeyemi I. “Real-world incidence and prevalence of low back pain using routinely collected data,” Rheumatology International, vol. 39, no. 4. Springer Verlag, pp. 619–626, Apr. 10, 2019, doi: 10.1007/s00296-019-04273-0.
  • 10. Meisha DE, Alsharqawi NS, Samarah AA, Al-Ghamdi MY. “Prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders and ergonomic practice among dentists in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia,” Clin. Cosmet. Investig. Dent., vol. 11, pp. 171–179, 2019, doi: 10.2147/CCIDE.S204433.
  • 11. Şimşek Ş, Yağci N, Şenol H. “Prevalence of and risk factors for low back pain among healthcare workers in Denizli Denizli’de sağlık çalışanlarında bel ağrısı prevelansı ve risk faktörleri PAIN A RI,” Agri, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 71–78, 2017, doi: 10.5505/agri.2017.32549.
  • 12. Dutmer AL, Preuper HRS, Soer R, Brouwer S, Bültmann U, Dijkstra PU et al. “Personal and Societal Impact of Low Back Pain,” Spine (Phila. Pa. 1976)., vol. 44, no. 24, pp. E1443–E1451, Dec. 2019, doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000003174.
  • 13. P. Coenen, On the origin of back pain.
  • 14. Bento TPF, Genebra CVDS, Maciel NM, Cornelio GP, Simeao SFAP, Vitta A. Journal of, and undefined 2020, “Low back pain and some associated factors: is there any difference between genders?,” Elsevier, Accessed: Mar. 23, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1413355518310128?casa_token=lHW_ppi7Q7gAAAAA:K4Y6Dxj14t3fmGHOqjU_CBPlgULEAKURyrUQ21aU3WjIZ9hThO8eYhPj9oAdOSYxnlXrcaK3pg.
  • 15. Huang C, W Yeming, L Xingwang et al. “Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China,” Lancet, vol. 395, no. 10223, pp. 497–506, Feb. 2020, doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30183-5.
  • 16. Messenger J, Oscar VL, Lutz G, Simon B, Greet V, Mathijn Wilkens. “Working anytime, anywhere: The effects on the world of work,” 2017, doi: 10.2806/425484.
  • 17. Will JS, Bury DC, Miller JA. “Mechanical Low Back Pain” Am Fam Fhysician, no. 98, pp. 421–428, 2018, Accessed: Mar. 23, 2021. [Online]. Available: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30252425/.
  • 18. Baker R, Coenen P, Howie E, Williamson A, Straker L. “The short term musculoskeletal and cognitive effects of prolonged sitting during office computer work,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 15, no. 8, Aug. 2018, doi: 10.3390/ijerph15081678.
  • 19. Vittersø J, Akselsen S, Evjemo B, Julsrud TE, Yttri B, Bergvik S. “Impacts of Home-Based Telework on Quality of Life for Employees and Their Partners. Quantitative and Qualitative Results From a European Survey,” J. Happiness Stud., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 201–233, 2003, doi: 10.1023/A:1024490621548.
  • 20. Mathew KVB, Walarine MT. “Neck pain among smartphone users: an imminent public health issue during the pandemic time,” J. Ideas Heal., vol. 3, no. Special1, pp. 201–204, Sep. 2020, doi: 10.47108/jidhealth.vol3.issspecial1.65.
  • 21. Király O, Potenza MN, Stein DJ, King DL, Hodgins DC, Saunders JB, et al. “Preventing problematic internet use during the COVID-19 pandemic: Consensus guidance,” Compr. Psychiatry, vol. 100, p. 152180, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2020.152180.
  • 22. Sun Y, Li Y, Bao Y, Meng S, Sun Y, et al. “Brief Report: Increased Addictive Internet and Substance Use Behavior During the COVID‐19 Pandemic in China,” Am. J. Addict., vol. 29, no. 4, pp. 268–270, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1111/ajad.13066.
  • 23. Ding D, Li J. “Smartphone Overuse – A Growing Public Health Issue,” 2017, doi: 10.4172/2161-0487.1000289.
  • 24. Matar Boumosleh J, Jaalouk D. “Depression, anxiety, and smartphone addiction in university students- A cross sectional study,” PLoS One, vol. 12, no. 8, p. e0182239, Aug. 2017, doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0182239.
  • 25. Moretti A, Menna F, Aulicino M, Paoletta M, Liguori S, Iolascon G. “Characterization of Home Working Population during COVID-19 Emergency: A Cross-Sectional Analysis,” Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, vol. 17, no. 17, p. 6284, Aug. 2020, doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176284.
  • 26. Steiner TJ, Stovner LJ, Birbeck GL. “Migraine: The Seventh Disabler,” Headache J. Head Face Pain, vol. 53, no. 2, pp. 227–229, Feb. 2013, doi: 10.1111/head.12034.
  • 27. Pedraza MI, Mulero P, Ruíz M, de la Cruz C, Herrero S, Guerrero AL. “Características de los 2.000 primeros pacientes registrados en una consulta monográfica de cefaleas,” Neurologia, vol. 30, no. 4, pp. 208–213, May 2015, doi: 10.1016/j.nrl.2013.12.010.
  • 28. Albers L, Straube A, Landgraf MN, Heinen F von Kries R. “High diagnostic stability of confirmed migraine and confirmed tension-type headache according to the ICHD-3 beta in adolescents,” J. Headache Pain, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 1–5, Dec. 2014, doi: 10.1186/1129-2377-15-36.
  • 29. Belvis R. “Headaches During COVID‐19: My Clinical Case and Review of the Literature,” Headache J. Head Face Pain, vol. 60, no. 7, pp. 1422–1426, Jul. 2020, doi: 10.1111/head.13841.
  • 30. Adhikari SP, Meng S, Wu YJ, Ma YP, Ye RX, Wang QZ, Sun C, S Sean, Rozelle S, Raat H, Zhou H. “Epidemiology, causes, clinical manifestation and diagnosis, prevention and control of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) during the early outbreak period: A scoping review,” Infectious Diseases of Poverty, vol. 9, no. 1. BioMed Central Ltd., p. 29, Mar. 17, 2020, doi: 10.1186/s40249-020-00646-x.
  • 31. Borges do Nascimento IJ, Cacic N, Abdulazeem HM, von Groote TC, Jayarajah U, Weerasekara I, et al. “Novel Coronavirus Infection (COVID-19) in Humans: A Scoping Review and Meta-Analysis,” J. Clin. Med., vol. 9, no. 4, p. 941, Mar. 2020, doi: 10.3390/jcm9040941.
  • 32. Yamada K, Wakaizumi K. “Loneliness, social isolation, and pain following the COVID-19 outbreak: data from a nationwide internet survey in Japan,” doi: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-240504/v1.
  • 33. Mahase E. “Covid-19: Mental health consequences of pandemic need urgent research, paper advises,” BMJ, vol. 369, p. m1515, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.1136/bmj.m1515.
  • 34. Pierce M, Hope H, Ford T, Hatch S, Hotopf M, John, et al. “Mental health before and during the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal probability sample survey of the UK population,” The Lancet Psychiatry, vol. 7, no. 10, pp. 883–892, Oct. 2020, doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(20)30308-4.
  • 35. Tsamakis K, Triantafyllis AS, Tsiptsios D, Spartalis E, et al. “COVID‑19 related stress exacerbates common physical and mental pathologies and affects treatment (Review),” Exp. Ther. Med., vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 159–162, Apr. 2020, doi: 10.3892/etm.2020.8671.
  • 36. Hawryluck L, Gold WL, Robinson S, Pogorski S, Galea S, Styra R. “SARS control and psychological effects of quarantine, Toronto, Canada,” Emerg. Infect. Dis., vol. 10, no. 7, pp. 1206–1212, 2004, doi: 10.3201/eid1007.030703.
  • 37. Wang R, Hozumi Y, Yin C, Wei GV. “Mutations on COVID-19 diagnostic targets,” Genomics, vol. 112, no. 6, pp. 5204–5213, Nov. 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2020.09.028.
  • 38. Haider N, Yusuf Osman A, Gadzepko A, Akipede GO, Asogun D, Ansumana R, et al. “Lockdown measures in response to COVID-19 in nine sub-Saharan African countries,” BMJ Publishing Group, Oct. 2020. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2020-003319.
  • 39. Bogart LM, Ojikutu BO, Tyagi K, Klein DJ, Mutchler MG, Dong L, Lawrence SJ, et al. “COVID-19 Related Medical Mistrust, Health Impacts, and Potential Vaccine Hesitancy Among Black Americans Living With HIV,” J. Acquir. Immune Defic. Syndr., vol. 86, no. 2, pp. 200–207, Feb. 2021, doi: 10.1097/QAI.0000000000002570.
  • 40. Almufarrij I, Munro KJ. “One year on: an updated systematic review of SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 and audio-vestibular symptoms,” Int. J. Audiol., pp. 1–11, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1896793.
  • 41. Eckhardt-Henn A, Best C, Bense S, Breuer P, Diener G, Tschan R, et al. “Psychiatric comorbidity in different organic vertigo syndromes,” J. Neurol., vol. 255, no. 3, pp. 420–428, Mar. 2008, doi: 10.1007/s00415-008-0697-x.
  • 42. Cole SW. “Social regulation of human gene expression: Mechanisms and implications for public health,” Am. J. Public Health, vol. 103, no. SUPPL.1, Oct. 2013, doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.301183.
  • 43. Creswell JD, Irwin MR, Burklund LJ, Lieberman MD, Arevalo JMG, Ma J, et al. “Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction training reduces loneliness and pro-inflammatory gene expression in older adults: A small randomized controlled trial,” Brain. Behav. Immun., vol. 26, no. 7, pp. 1095–1101, Oct. 2012, doi: 10.1016/j.bbi.2012.07.006.
  • 44. Garcia MA, Li X, Allen PA, Delahanty DL, Eppelheimer M, Houston JR, et al. “Impact of Surgical Status, Loneliness, and Disability on Interleukin 6, C-Reactive Protein, Cortisol, and Estrogen in Females with Symptomatic Type I Chiari Malformation,” Cerebellum, pp. 1–15, Mar. 2021, doi: 10.1007/s12311-021-01251-w.
  • 45. Varga TV, Bu F, Dissing AS, Elsenburg LK, Bustamente JJH, Matta J, et al. “Loneliness, worries, anxiety, and precautionary behaviours in response to the COVID-19 pandemic: a longitudinal analysis of 200,000 Western and Northern Europeans,” Lancet Reg. Heal. - Eur., vol. 2, p. 100020, Jan. 2021, doi: 10.1016/j.lanepe.2020.100020.
There are 45 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Health Care Administration
Journal Section Clinical Research
Authors

Eyüp Çetin 0000-0002-5198-0219

Mehmet Edip Akyol 0000-0002-5198-0219

Early Pub Date January 3, 2022
Publication Date January 1, 2022
Submission Date July 10, 2021
Acceptance Date July 26, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 39 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çetin, E., & Akyol, M. E. (2022). Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on patients admitted to neurosurgery outpatient. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, 39(1), 149-155.
AMA Çetin E, Akyol ME. Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on patients admitted to neurosurgery outpatient. J. Exp. Clin. Med. January 2022;39(1):149-155.
Chicago Çetin, Eyüp, and Mehmet Edip Akyol. “Effect of COVID-19 Quarantine on Patients Admitted to Neurosurgery Outpatient”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 39, no. 1 (January 2022): 149-55.
EndNote Çetin E, Akyol ME (January 1, 2022) Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on patients admitted to neurosurgery outpatient. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 39 1 149–155.
IEEE E. Çetin and M. E. Akyol, “Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on patients admitted to neurosurgery outpatient”, J. Exp. Clin. Med., vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 149–155, 2022.
ISNAD Çetin, Eyüp - Akyol, Mehmet Edip. “Effect of COVID-19 Quarantine on Patients Admitted to Neurosurgery Outpatient”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 39/1 (January 2022), 149-155.
JAMA Çetin E, Akyol ME. Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on patients admitted to neurosurgery outpatient. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2022;39:149–155.
MLA Çetin, Eyüp and Mehmet Edip Akyol. “Effect of COVID-19 Quarantine on Patients Admitted to Neurosurgery Outpatient”. Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, vol. 39, no. 1, 2022, pp. 149-55.
Vancouver Çetin E, Akyol ME. Effect of COVID-19 quarantine on patients admitted to neurosurgery outpatient. J. Exp. Clin. Med. 2022;39(1):149-55.
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