Impact of Foreign Trade Openness on Regional Unemployment: The Case of Turkey

Year 2019, Volume: 6 Issue: 1, 153 - 170, 15.01.2019

Onur Ercan Esin Kılıç

https://doi.org/10.17541/optimum.494052

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Regional unemployment rates are the main indicator of regional
development related to the labor market. Therefore, policies to combat
unemployment should be ensured to spread the investments to the regions.
Besides, since foreign trade will enable production for larger markets, the
level of employment may be increased by directing enterprises to foreign trade.
Consequently, it is important to investigate the relationship between foreign
trade openness and unemployment at the regional level. In this study, the
relationship between regional foreign trade openness and unemployment in Turkey
were investigated using dynamic linear panel data analysis methods for period
2004-2014. Analysis results indicated a negative
relationship between the regional foreign trade openness and the unemployment
rate. In addition, the results of Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel causality test showed
that the relationship between these two variables is bidirectional. According
to these results, with the policies to increase regional trade openness, regional
unemployment rate could be reduced in Turkey.

Keywords

Foreign Trade Openness, Regional Unemployment, Panel Data Analysis

Ticari Dışa Açıklığın Bölgesel İşsizlik Üzerindeki Etkisi: Türkiye Örneği

Abstract

Bölgesel işsizlik oranları,
bölgesel gelişmişliğin emek piyasasına ilişkin temel göstergesi olarak ele
alınmaktadır. Dolayısıyla, işsizlikle mücadele politikaları yatırımların
bölgelere yayılmasını da sağlamalıdır. Ayrıca, dış ticaret daha geniş piyasalar
için üretimi beraberinde getireceğinden; istihdam düzeyi, işletmelerin dış
ticarete yönlendirilmesiyle de arttırılabilir. Bu nedenle, bölgesel düzeyde
ticari dışa açıklık ile işsizlik arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılması önemlidir. Bu
çalışmada Türkiye’de bölgesel ticari dışa açıklık ile işsizlik arasındaki ilişki,
2004-2014 dönemi için dinamik doğrusal panel veri analizi yöntemleri
kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları bölgesel ticari dışa açıklık
endeksleri ile işsizlik oranı arasında negatif bir ilişki olduğunu işaret
etmiştir. Ayrıca, Dumitrescu-Hurlin panel nedensellik testi sonuçları, bu iki
değişken arasındaki ilişkinin çift yönlü olduğunu göstermiştir. Elde edilen
sonuçlar, Türkiye’de bölgesel ticari dışa açıklığın arttırılmasına yönelik
uygulanacak politikaların bölgesel işsizlik oranlarını azaltabileceği şeklinde
yorumlanabilir.

Keywords

Ticari Dışa Açıklık, Bölgesel İşsizlik, Panel Veri Analizi

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