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A Research on the Mediating Role of Organizational Cynicism in the Effect of Workplace Incivility on the Intention to Leave

Year 2021, Volume: 17 Issue: 34, 1224 - 1259, 28.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.787756

Abstract

The purpose of this research is to examine the mediating role of organizational cynicism in the effect of workplace incivility on the intention to leave. The sample of the research is 123 employees of a manufacturing factory operating in the automotive sector in city of Bursa. Questionnaire method was used to collect data in the research. The data obtained from the questionnaire were subjected to scale validity and reliability, kurtosis/skewness, correlation and multiple regression analyzes in the SPSS 21 package program. According to the results of the research; it was observed that the scales of the research were valid and reliable; the data showed a normal distribution and there were moderate and strong positive correlations between workplace incivility, intention to leave and organizational cynicism. As a result of the regression analysis; it has been observed that workplace incivility positively affects the intention to leave and organizational cynicism; organizational cynicism positively affects the intention to leave and organizational cynicism has a full mediating role in the effect of workplace incivility on the intention to leave. In this research conducted in the manufacturing sector, it has been seen that workplace incivility and organizational cynicism are important determinants of the intention to leave. It is thought that the research will contribute to the literature on workplace incivility, intention to leave and organizational cynicism.

References

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  • Abubakar, A. M., Megeirhi, H. A. ve Shneikat, B. (2018). Tolerance for workplace incivility, employee cynicism and job search behavior. The Service Industries Journal, 38(9-10), 629-643.
  • Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.). Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. New York: Academic Press.
  • Akhtar, S., Luqman, R., Raza, F., Riaz, H., Tufail, H. S. ve Shahid, J. (2017). The impact of workplace incivility on the psychological wellbeing of employees through emotional exhaustion. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3), 492-507.
  • Akyüz, İ. ve Yurduseven, N. O. (2016). Sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel sinizm düzeylerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies, (16), 61-76.
  • Alola, U. V., Asongu, S. ve Alola, A. A. (2019). Linking supervisor incivility with job embeddedness and cynicism: The mediating role of employee self-efficacy. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 21(3), 330- 352.
  • Andersson, L. M. (1996). Employee cynicism: An examination using a contract violation framework. Human Relations, 49(11), 1395-1418.
  • Andersson, L. M. ve Pearson, C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 452-471.
  • Anjum, M. A., Parvez. A. ve Ahmed, A. (2017). Relationship dynamics of burnout, turnover intentions and workplace incivility perceptions. Business & Economic Review, 9(3), 155-172.
  • Arnold, H. J. ve Feldman, D. C. (1982). A multivariate analysis of the determinant of job turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(3), 350-360.
  • Arogundade, O. T. ve Ayanda, B. F. (2015). Influence of perceived job stress and workplace incivility on turnover intention among selected workers in Lagos metropolis. International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences, 7(3), 1-11.
  • Arslan, E. T. (2012). Süleyman demirel üniversitesi iktisadi ve idari bilimler fakültesi akademik personelinin genel ve örgütsel sinizm düzeyi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, (1), 12-27.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
  • Barefoot, J., Dodge, K., Peterson, B., Dahlstrom, W. ve Williams, R. (1989).The cook medley hostility scale: Item content and ability to predict survival. Psychosomatic Medicine, 51(1), 46-57.
  • Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986), The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research. Conceptual, strategic and statistical consideration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Batga, B. ve Ceyhan, S. (2019). İşyeri nezaketsizliğinin çalışanlar üzerindeki etkisi: Banka çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Çukurova Araştırmaları, 5(2), 250-262.
  • Brandes, P., Dharwadkar, R. ve Dean, J. W. (1999). Does organizational cynicism matter? Employee and supervisor perspectives on work outcomes. Eastern Academy of Management Proceedings, 150-153.
  • Bulut, A., Yılmaz, S. ve Şengül, H. (2019). Sağlık hizmeti veren örgütlerde sinizm. Yönetim, Ekonomi ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(3), 55-72.
  • Caza, B. B. ve Cortina, L. M. (2007). From insult to injury: Explaining the impact of incivility. Basic Appl. Soc. Psych., 29, 335-350.
  • Çınar, O., Karcıoğlu, F. Aslan, İ. (2014). The relationships among organizational cynicism, job insecurity and turnover intention: A survey study in Erzurum/Turkey, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 429-437.
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  • Eaton, J. A. (2000). A social motivation approach to organizational cynicism. Master Thesis. https://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59131.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social exchange theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2, 335-362.
  • Erdoğan, P. ve Bedük, A. (2013). Örgütsel sinizm ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasındaki ilişki: Sağlık sektöründe bir araştırma. Sosyoteknik Sosyal ve Teknik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(6), 17-36.
  • Ewis, M. Z. (2014). Workplace perceptions and workplace incivility in Egypt: The mediating role of organizational cynicism. International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management, 5(4), 58-82.
  • Faheem, M. A. ve Mahmud, N. (2015). Workplace incivility in predicting turnover intentions and job performance: Study on nurses of public sector hospitals of Pakistan. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 10(8), 863-870.
  • Gürbüz, S. (2019). Sosyal bilimlerde aracı, düzenleyici ve durumsal etki analizleri. Birinci Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2017). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe-yöntem-analiz. 4. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Balin, B. J. ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis, Maxwell Macmillan International Editions.
  • Hobfoll, S. (1989). Conservation of resources. A new attempt at conceptualizing stres. The American Psychologist, 44(3), 513-524.
  • İslamoğlu, H. ve Alnıaçık, Ü. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. 4. Baskı, İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Jiménez, P., Dunkl, A. ve Peissl, S. (2015). Workplace incivility and its effects on value congruence, recovery- stress-state and the intention to quit. Psychology, 6, 1930-1939.
  • Kalağan, G. ve Güzeller, C. O. (2010). Öğretmenlerin örgütsel sinizm düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 27, 83-97.
  • Kanten, P. (2014). İşyeri nezaketsizliğinin sosyal kaytarma davranışı ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde duygusal tükenmenin aracılık rolü. Aksaray Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 11-26.
  • Kasalak, G. ve Aksu, M. B. (2014). Araştırma görevlilerinin algıladıkları örgütsel desteğin örgütsel sinizm ile ilişkisi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 14(1), 115-133.
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  • Krueger, A. ve Rouse, C. (1998). The effect of workplace education on earning, turnover and job performance. Journal of Labor Economics, 16, 62-94.
  • Lim, S., Cortina, L. M. ve Magley, V. J. (2008). Personal and workgroup incivility. Impact on work and health outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, (93), 95-107.
  • Liu, C., Chen, Y., Yu, S., Hu, S., Huang, J. ve Ding, C. (2017), Supervisor incivility, psychology safety and employee turnover intention: Does supervisor-subordinate guanxi matter? International Journal of Business and Social Science, 8(9), 79-90.
  • Maslach, C. ve Leiter, M. P. (2008). Early predictors of job burnout and engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3), 498-512.
  • Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O. ve Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408-414.
  • Nafei, W. A. ve Kaifi, B. A. (2013). The impact of organizational cynicism on organizational commitment: An applied study on teaching hospitals in Egypt. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 131-146.
  • Nazir, T., Norulkamar B. U. ve Ahmed, U. (2016). Interrelationship of incivility, cynicism and turnover intention. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(1), 146-154.
  • Nitzsche, M., Ribeiro. L. ve Laneiro, T. (2018). Workplace incivility among portuguese hotel employees: Is lack of respect burning them out? Journal of Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, 6(1), 52-71.
  • Örücü, E. ve Özafşarlıoğlu, S. (2013). Örgütsel adaletin çalışanların işten ayrılma niyetine etkisi: Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti’nde bir uygulama. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(23), 335-358.
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İşyeri Nezaketsizliğinin İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisinde Örgütsel Sinizmin Aracılık Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma

Year 2021, Volume: 17 Issue: 34, 1224 - 1259, 28.02.2021
https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.787756

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı, işyeri nezaketsizliğinin işten ayrılma niyetine etkisinde örgütsel sinizmin aracılık rolünü incelemektir. Araştırmanın örneklemini, Bursa ilinde otomotiv sektöründe faaliyet gösteren bir imalat fabrikasının 123 çalışanı oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada veri toplamak amacıyla anket yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Anketten elde edilen veriler, SPSS 21 paket programında ölçek geçerlilik ve güvenilirlik, basıklık/çarpıklık, korelasyon ve çoklu regresyon analizlerine tabi tutulmuştur. Araştırma sonucuna göre; araştırma ölçeklerinin geçerli ve güvenilir olduğu, verilerin normal dağılım gösterdiği ve işyeri nezaketsizliği, işten ayrılma niyeti ve örgütsel sinizm arasında pozitif yönlü orta ve güçlü seviyede ilişkilerin olduğu görülmüştür. Regresyon analizleri sonucunda; işyeri nezaketsizliğinin işten ayrılma niyeti ve örgütsel sinizmi pozitif olarak etkilediği; örgütsel sinizmin işten ayrılma niyetini pozitif olarak etkilediği ve işyeri nezaketsizliğinin işten ayrılma niyetine etkisinde örgütsel sinizmin tam aracılık rolü olduğu görülmüştür. İmalat sektöründe yapılan bu çalışmada işyeri nezaketsizliği ve örgütsel sinizmin işten ayrılma niyetinin önemli bir belirleyicisi olduğu görülmüştür. Araştırmanın işyeri nezaketsizliği, işten ayrılma niyeti ve örgütsel sinizm ile ilgili literatüre katkı sağlayacağı düşünülmektedir.

References

  • Abraham, R. (2000). Organizational cynicism: Bases and consequences. generic, social and general. Psychology Monographs, 126(3), 269-292.
  • Abubakar, A. M., Megeirhi, H. A. ve Shneikat, B. (2018). Tolerance for workplace incivility, employee cynicism and job search behavior. The Service Industries Journal, 38(9-10), 629-643.
  • Adams, J. S. (1965). Inequity in social exchange. In L. Berkowitz (Ed.). Advances in Experimental Social Psychology. New York: Academic Press.
  • Akhtar, S., Luqman, R., Raza, F., Riaz, H., Tufail, H. S. ve Shahid, J. (2017). The impact of workplace incivility on the psychological wellbeing of employees through emotional exhaustion. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 6(3), 492-507.
  • Akyüz, İ. ve Yurduseven, N. O. (2016). Sağlık çalışanlarının örgütsel sinizm düzeylerinin incelenmesi. International Journal of Economic and Administrative Studies, (16), 61-76.
  • Alola, U. V., Asongu, S. ve Alola, A. A. (2019). Linking supervisor incivility with job embeddedness and cynicism: The mediating role of employee self-efficacy. Gadjah Mada International Journal of Business, 21(3), 330- 352.
  • Andersson, L. M. (1996). Employee cynicism: An examination using a contract violation framework. Human Relations, 49(11), 1395-1418.
  • Andersson, L. M. ve Pearson, C. M. (1999). Tit for tat? The spiraling effect of incivility in the workplace. Academy of Management Review, 24(3), 452-471.
  • Anjum, M. A., Parvez. A. ve Ahmed, A. (2017). Relationship dynamics of burnout, turnover intentions and workplace incivility perceptions. Business & Economic Review, 9(3), 155-172.
  • Arnold, H. J. ve Feldman, D. C. (1982). A multivariate analysis of the determinant of job turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 67(3), 350-360.
  • Arogundade, O. T. ve Ayanda, B. F. (2015). Influence of perceived job stress and workplace incivility on turnover intention among selected workers in Lagos metropolis. International Journal of Research in Economics and Social Sciences, 7(3), 1-11.
  • Arslan, E. T. (2012). Süleyman demirel üniversitesi iktisadi ve idari bilimler fakültesi akademik personelinin genel ve örgütsel sinizm düzeyi. Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, (1), 12-27.
  • Bandura, A. (1986). Social foundations of thought and action: A social cognitive theory. Prentice-Hall.
  • Barefoot, J., Dodge, K., Peterson, B., Dahlstrom, W. ve Williams, R. (1989).The cook medley hostility scale: Item content and ability to predict survival. Psychosomatic Medicine, 51(1), 46-57.
  • Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986), The moderator-mediator variable distinction in social psychological research. Conceptual, strategic and statistical consideration. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173-1182.
  • Batga, B. ve Ceyhan, S. (2019). İşyeri nezaketsizliğinin çalışanlar üzerindeki etkisi: Banka çalışanları üzerine bir araştırma. Çukurova Araştırmaları, 5(2), 250-262.
  • Brandes, P., Dharwadkar, R. ve Dean, J. W. (1999). Does organizational cynicism matter? Employee and supervisor perspectives on work outcomes. Eastern Academy of Management Proceedings, 150-153.
  • Bulut, A., Yılmaz, S. ve Şengül, H. (2019). Sağlık hizmeti veren örgütlerde sinizm. Yönetim, Ekonomi ve Pazarlama Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(3), 55-72.
  • Caza, B. B. ve Cortina, L. M. (2007). From insult to injury: Explaining the impact of incivility. Basic Appl. Soc. Psych., 29, 335-350.
  • Çınar, O., Karcıoğlu, F. Aslan, İ. (2014). The relationships among organizational cynicism, job insecurity and turnover intention: A survey study in Erzurum/Turkey, Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 150, 429-437.
  • Cortina, L. M., Magley, V. J., Williams, J. H. ve Langhout, R. D. (2001). Incivility in the workplace: Incidence and impact. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(1), 64-80.
  • Cortina, L. M., Kabat-Far, D., Leskinen. E., Huerta, M. ve Magley, V. J. (2013). Selective incivility as modern discrimination in organizations: Evidence and impact. Journal of Management, 39(6), 1579-1605.
  • Dean J. W., Brandes, P. ve Dharwakar R. (1998). Organizational cynicism. The Academy of Management Review, 23(2), 341-352.
  • Eaton, J. A. (2000). A social motivation approach to organizational cynicism. Master Thesis. https://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59131.pdf adresinden erişilmiştir.
  • Emerson, R. M. (1976). Social exchange theory. Annual Review of Sociology, 2, 335-362.
  • Erdoğan, P. ve Bedük, A. (2013). Örgütsel sinizm ile örgütsel vatandaşlık davranışı arasındaki ilişki: Sağlık sektöründe bir araştırma. Sosyoteknik Sosyal ve Teknik Araştırmalar Dergisi, 3(6), 17-36.
  • Ewis, M. Z. (2014). Workplace perceptions and workplace incivility in Egypt: The mediating role of organizational cynicism. International Journal of Customer Relationship Marketing and Management, 5(4), 58-82.
  • Faheem, M. A. ve Mahmud, N. (2015). Workplace incivility in predicting turnover intentions and job performance: Study on nurses of public sector hospitals of Pakistan. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology, 10(8), 863-870.
  • Gürbüz, S. (2019). Sosyal bilimlerde aracı, düzenleyici ve durumsal etki analizleri. Birinci Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Gürbüz, S. ve Şahin, F. (2017). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri felsefe-yöntem-analiz. 4. Baskı, Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Balin, B. J. ve Anderson, R. E. (2010). Multivariate data analysis, Maxwell Macmillan International Editions.
  • Hobfoll, S. (1989). Conservation of resources. A new attempt at conceptualizing stres. The American Psychologist, 44(3), 513-524.
  • İslamoğlu, H. ve Alnıaçık, Ü. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. 4. Baskı, İstanbul: Beta Yayıncılık.
  • Jiménez, P., Dunkl, A. ve Peissl, S. (2015). Workplace incivility and its effects on value congruence, recovery- stress-state and the intention to quit. Psychology, 6, 1930-1939.
  • Kalağan, G. ve Güzeller, C. O. (2010). Öğretmenlerin örgütsel sinizm düzeylerinin incelenmesi. Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 27, 83-97.
  • Kanten, P. (2014). İşyeri nezaketsizliğinin sosyal kaytarma davranışı ve işten ayrılma niyeti üzerindeki etkisinde duygusal tükenmenin aracılık rolü. Aksaray Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 6(1), 11-26.
  • Kasalak, G. ve Aksu, M. B. (2014). Araştırma görevlilerinin algıladıkları örgütsel desteğin örgütsel sinizm ile ilişkisi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Bilimleri, 14(1), 115-133.
  • Kaya, E. Ü. (2015). İşyeri kabalığı, örgütsel bağlılık, örgütsel özdeşleşme ve iş tatmin değişkenleri arasındaki ilişkiler ve birbirleri üzerindeki etkileri: Yüksek öğretimde bir çalışma, International Journal of Social Science, 41, 55-78.
  • Khan, M. A. (2014). Organizational cynicism and employee turnover intention: Evidence from banking sector in pakistan, Pakistan Journal of Commerce and Social Sciences, 8(1), 30-41.
  • Krueger, A. ve Rouse, C. (1998). The effect of workplace education on earning, turnover and job performance. Journal of Labor Economics, 16, 62-94.
  • Lim, S., Cortina, L. M. ve Magley, V. J. (2008). Personal and workgroup incivility. Impact on work and health outcomes. Journal of Applied Psychology, (93), 95-107.
  • Liu, C., Chen, Y., Yu, S., Hu, S., Huang, J. ve Ding, C. (2017), Supervisor incivility, psychology safety and employee turnover intention: Does supervisor-subordinate guanxi matter? International Journal of Business and Social Science, 8(9), 79-90.
  • Maslach, C. ve Leiter, M. P. (2008). Early predictors of job burnout and engagement. Journal of Applied Psychology, 93(3), 498-512.
  • Mobley, W. H., Horner, S. O. ve Hollingsworth, A. T. (1978). An evaluation of precursors of hospital employee turnover. Journal of Applied Psychology, 63(4), 408-414.
  • Nafei, W. A. ve Kaifi, B. A. (2013). The impact of organizational cynicism on organizational commitment: An applied study on teaching hospitals in Egypt. European Journal of Business and Management, 5(12), 131-146.
  • Nazir, T., Norulkamar B. U. ve Ahmed, U. (2016). Interrelationship of incivility, cynicism and turnover intention. International Review of Management and Marketing, 6(1), 146-154.
  • Nitzsche, M., Ribeiro. L. ve Laneiro, T. (2018). Workplace incivility among portuguese hotel employees: Is lack of respect burning them out? Journal of Spatial and Organizational Dynamics, 6(1), 52-71.
  • Örücü, E. ve Özafşarlıoğlu, S. (2013). Örgütsel adaletin çalışanların işten ayrılma niyetine etkisi: Güney Afrika Cumhuriyeti’nde bir uygulama. Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 10(23), 335-358.
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There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Operation
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ramazan Çoban 0000-0002-4505-0437

Mehmet Deniz 0000-0002-8684-5682

Publication Date February 28, 2021
Acceptance Date December 31, 2020
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 17 Issue: 34

Cite

APA Çoban, R., & Deniz, M. (2021). İşyeri Nezaketsizliğinin İşten Ayrılma Niyetine Etkisinde Örgütsel Sinizmin Aracılık Rolü Üzerine Bir Araştırma. OPUS International Journal of Society Researches, 17(34), 1224-1259. https://doi.org/10.26466/opus.787756

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