Akut Lenfoblastik Lösemili çocuk hastalarda Hedefe Yönelik Yaklaşımlar

Year 2024, Volume: 46 Issue: 6, 1002 - 1014, 07.11.2024

Zeynep Canan Özdemir , Yüksel Öztürk

https://doi.org/10.20515/otd.1518969

Abstract

Akut lenfoblastik lösemi (ALL), olgunlaşmamış lenfosit formlarının kemik iliğinde kontrolsüz bir şekilde çoğalması nedeni oluşan malign bir hastalıktır. Ülkemizde çocukluk çağının en sık görülen kanseridir. Hastaların %75ini B hücreli ALL (B-ALL), %25ini T hücreli ALL (T-ALL) oluşturur. Çağdaş tedavi yaklaşımları, ALL için 5 yıllık olaysız sağkalım ve genel sağkalım oranlarını sırasıyla %80 ve %90'ın üzerine çıkarmış ve kümülatif nüks riskini %10'un altına düşürmüştür. Nüks olan %10’luk hasta grubunda tedavi sonuçlarında ve yaşam kalitesinde daha fazla iyileşme sağlanması için yeni terapötik yaklaşımların kullanılması ve geliştirilmesi gereklidir. Relaps/refrakter (R/R) prekürsör B- ALL’de moleküler hedefli tedaviler, standart kemoterapilerin neden olduğu toksisitelerin yükünü azaltmada ve kalıntı hastalık ile mücadele etmede önemli fırsatlar sunar.

Keywords

B hücreli lenfoblastik lösemi, Çocuk, Hedefe Yönelik Yaklaşımlar, Akut Prekürsör B Hücreli Lenfoblastik Lösemi, Blinatumomab

Targeted Approaches in Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia

Abstract

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignant disease caused by the uncontrolled proliferation of immature lymphocyte forms in the bone marrow. It is the most common cancer of childhood in our country. 75% of the patients are B-cell ALL (B-ALL), 25% are T-cell ALL (T-ALL). Contemporary treatment approaches have increased the 5-year event-free survival and overall survival rates for ALL to over 80% and 90%, respectively, and reduced the cumulative risk of recurrence to less than 10%. It is necessary to use and develop new therapeutic approaches to further improve treatment outcomes and quality of life in the 10% of patients with relapse. In relapsed/refractory (R/R) precursor B-ALL, molecularly targeted therapies offer significant opportunities to reduce the burden of toxicities caused by standard chemotherapies and combat residual disease.

Keywords

B cell Lymphoblastic leukemia, Pediatric, Molecularly Targeted Therapy, Acute Precursor B Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Blinatumomab

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