Yaşlı Hastaların Yalnızlık ve Yaşamın Anlamına İlişkin Görüşleri
Year 2023,
Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 523 - 532, 15.10.2023
Banu Çevik
,
Gülşen Kılıç
,
Berrak Balanuye
,
Hüseyin Doruk
,
Özlem Gökçe
,
Nevin Dogan
Abstract
Amaç: Bu çalışmada Geriatri Polikliniğine başvuran 65 yaş ve üzeri yaşlı hastaların yalnızlık ve yaşamın anlamına ilişkin görüşlerini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı tipte olan bu araştırma bir vakıf üniversitesi hastanesinde Ağustos 2019–Kasım 2019 tarihleri arasında geriatri polikliniğine ayaktan başvuru yapan 65 yaş üzeri olan 100 yaşlı hasta ile yürütülmüştür. Veriler, kişisel bilgi formu, Mini-mental durum değerlendirme testi, Yalnızlık Ölçeği ve Yaşamın Anlamı Ölçeği ile toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmamızda yaşlı hastaların yalnızlık ölçek puan ortalaması 8.89±5.48 ve yaşamın anlam ölçeği puan ortalaması 44.5±14.8’dir. Yalnızlık ve yaşamın anlamı ölçeği puan ortalamaları ile yaşlı hastaların sosyodemografik veriler arasında anlamlı bir fark bulunmamıştır. Yaşlı hastaların yalnızlık hissi orta düzeyde bulunmuştur.
Sonuç: Yaşlı hastaların arkadaşları ile görüşme sıklığı artıkça yalnızlık duyguları azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Yalnızlık duygusu artıkça yaşamdan anlam duygusunun azaldığı belirlenmiştir. Yaşlı hastaların sosyal desteğinin olması yalnızlığı önlemede önemli bir faktördür.
Supporting Institution
Başkent Üniversitesi
Project Number
Tarih:24.07.2019, KA19/244
Thanks
Çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden yaşlı hastalarımıza teşekkür ederiz.
References
- Akgül H, Yeşilyaprak B. (2015). Yaşlılar için yalnızlık Ölçeği’nin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması: Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik çalışması. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 1, 34-45.
- Akın A, Taş İ. (2015). Yaşamın Anlamı Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Turkish Studies- International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish, 10 (3), 27-36.
- Ata Z, Ekinci N. (2020). Yaşlı bireylerde yaşam doyumu: İzmir’de bir sağlıklı yaş alma merkezi örneği. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 1–16.
- Ay F, Akkaya D, Başıbüyük GÖ. (2019). Yaşam kalitesinin yalnızlık üzerindeki etkisi: Antalya 60+ Tazelenme Üniversite Örneği. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2 (2), 194-209.
- Bandari R, Khankeh HR, Shahboulaghi FM, Ebadi A, Keshtkar AA, Montazeri A. (2019). Defining loneliness in older adults: Protocol for a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 8, 1–6.
- Boylu AA, Günay, G. (2018) Yaşlı bireylerde algılanan sosyal desteğin yaşam doyumu üzerine etkisi. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 7, 1351– 1363.
- Chen Y, Feeley T. (2014). Social support, social strain, loneliness, and well-being among older adults: An analysis of the health and retirement study. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 31(2), 141–161.
- Cohen JM, Eisner R. (2020). The meanings of loneliness for older persons. Aging Mental Health, 24(4), 564-574.
- Courtin E, Knapp M. (2017) Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: a scoping review. Heal Soc Care Commun, 25, 799–812
- Doğan S, Başer M. (2019). Yaşlılarda Yalnızlık: Bir Saha Araştırması. Journal of Health Sciences and Management, 1, 1-10.
- Erdoğan A. A. (2016). Yaşlılık Döneminde İşitme Kaybı ve İşitme Kaybına Yaklaşımlar. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 10(1), 25-33.
- Erol Ş, Sezer A, Şişman NF, Öztürk S. (2016). Yaşlılarda yalnızlık algısı ve yaşam doyumu, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 60-69.
- Fernandes C, Dias C, Scorsolini C.F. (2014). The experience of loneliness and the social support to elderly women. Psicologia em Estudo, 19(4), 681–691.
- Folstein MF, Folstein JE, McHugh PR. (1975). Mini-Mental State is a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189-98.
- Gierveld J, Tilburg TG. (1999). Living arrangements of older adults in the Netherlands and Italy: Coresidence values and behavior and their consequences for loneliness. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 14, 1-24.
- Güngen C, Ertan T, Eker E, Yaşar R, Engin F. (2002). Standardize Mini Mental Test’in Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13, 273-281
- Harithasan D, Mukari SZS, Ishak WS. (2019). The impact of sensory impairment on cognitive performance, quality of life, depression, and loneliness among older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 35, 358-364.
- Hill PL, Weston SJ. (2019). Evaluating eight-year trajectories for sense of purpose in the health and retirement study. Aging Mental Health, 23, 233–237.
- Hipson WE, Kiritchenko S, Mohammad SM, Coplan RJ. (2021). Examining the language of solitude versus loneliness in tweets. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 38(5),1596-1610.
- Holwerda TJ, Deeg DJ, Beekman AT, Van Tilburg TG, Stek ML, Jonker C, Schoevers RA. (2014). Feelings of loneliness, but not social isolation, predict dementia onset: results from the Amsterdam study of the elderly
(AMSTEL). Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 85(2), 135–142.
- Kalınkara V, Sarı I. (2019).Determining the relationship between social network use and loneliness in the elderly. Elderly Issues Research Journal, 12, 8– 19.
- Kapıkıran Ş. (2016). Yaşlılarda yalnızlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişki: Sosyal desteğin aracılık rolünün sınanması. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 9, 13-25.
- Macià D, Cattaneo G, Solana J, Tormos JM, Pascual-Leone A, Bartrés-Faz D. (2021). Meaning in Life: A Major Predictive Factor for Loneliness Comparable to Health Status and Social Connectedness. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 627547.
- Neville S, Adams J, Montayre J, Larmer P, Garrett N, Stephens C, Alpass F. (2018). Loneliness in Men 60 Years and Over: The Association With Purpose in Life. American Journal of Men’s Health 12(4) 730-739.
- Nyqvist F, Cattan M, Andersson L, Forsman AK, Gustafson Y. (2013). Social capital and loneliness among the very old living at home and in institutional settings a comparative study. Journal of Aging and Health, 25(6), 1013-1035.
- Perissinotto CM, Cenzer IS, Covinsky KE. (2012). Loneliness in older persons: a predictor of functional decline and death. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(14), 1078–1084.
- Polat F, Karasu FG. (2020) The relationship between the perceived loneliness level of elderly individuals and depression. Journal of Vocational School of Health Service, 8, 72– 82.
- Püllüm E. Akyıl RÇ. (2017). Loneliness and social isolation among eldely people. Meandros Medical and Dental Journal, 18(3), 158-163.
- Shovestul B, Han J, Germine L, Dodell-Feder, D. (2020) Risk Factors for Loneliness: The High Relative Importance of Age versus Other Factors. PLoS ONE 15, e0229087.
- Snedeker L. (2017). Aging & isolation causes and impacts. Social Work Today, 17(1), 24.
- Solmi M, Veronese N, Galvano D, (2020). Factors Associated With Loneliness: An Umbrella Review Of Observational Studies. Journal of Affective Disorders, 15 (271), 131–138.
- Somes J. (2021).The Loneliness of Aging. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 47(3), 469–475.
- Steger MF, Frazier P, Oishi S, Kaler M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
- Steptoe A, Fancourt D. (2019). Leading a meaningful life at older ages and its relationship with social engagement, prosperity, health, biology, and time use. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of
the United States of America, 116, 1207-1212.
- Sutin AR, Stephan Y, Luchetti M, Terracciano, A. (2018). Loneliness and risk of Dementia. Journal of Gerontology, 2, 966–967.
- Tabue TM, Simo-Tabue N, Stoykova R, Meillon C, Cogne M, Amiéva H., et al. (2016). Feelings of loneliness and living alone as predictors of mortality in the elderly: the PAQUID Study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 78, 904–909.
- Tel H, Koç M, Aydın HT (2020). Evde yaşayan yaşlılarda yalnızlık, yaşam doyumu ve ölüm kaygısının belirlenmesi. IBAD Journal of Social Sciences, 1-10.
- Tilvis R, Routasalo P, Karppinen H, Strandberg T. Kautiainen H, Pitkala K. (2012). Social isolation, social activity
and loneliness as survival indicators in old age; a nationwide survey with a 7-year follow-up. European
Geriatric Medicine, 3(1), 18-22.
- Todd C, Camic PM, Lockyer, B, Thomson LJ. Chatterjee, H J. (2017). Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works. Health & Place, 48, 47-55.
The Opinions of Elderly Patients on the Meaning of Lonely and Life
Year 2023,
Volume: 6 Issue: 3, 523 - 532, 15.10.2023
Banu Çevik
,
Gülşen Kılıç
,
Berrak Balanuye
,
Hüseyin Doruk
,
Özlem Gökçe
,
Nevin Dogan
Abstract
Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the loneliness perception and life satisfaction of elderly patients aged 65 and over who applied to the Geriatrics Clinic and to determine the factors affecting it.
Methods: This descriptive study was conducted in a foundation university hospital between August 2019 and November 2019 with 100 elderly patients over the age of 65 who applied to the geriatric outpatient clinic. Data were collected with a personal information form, Mini-mental state assessment test, Loneliness Scale, and Meaning of Life Scale.
Results: In our study, the mean score of the loneliness scale of the elderly patients was 8.89±5.48, and the mean score of the meaning of life scale was 44.5±14.8. There was no significant difference between the mean scores of the loneliness and meaning of life scale and the sociodemographic data of the elderly patients. The feeling of loneliness of the elderly patients was found to be moderate.
Conclusion: It was determined that as the frequency of meeting with friends of the elderly patients increased the feelings of loneliness decreased. It has been determined that as the feeling of loneliness increases, the sense of meaning in life decreases. The social support of elderly patients is an important factor in preventing loneliness.
Project Number
Tarih:24.07.2019, KA19/244
References
- Akgül H, Yeşilyaprak B. (2015). Yaşlılar için yalnızlık Ölçeği’nin Türk kültürüne uyarlanması: Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik çalışması. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 1, 34-45.
- Akın A, Taş İ. (2015). Yaşamın Anlamı Ölçeği: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışması. Turkish Studies- International Periodical for the Languages, Literature and History of Turkish, 10 (3), 27-36.
- Ata Z, Ekinci N. (2020). Yaşlı bireylerde yaşam doyumu: İzmir’de bir sağlıklı yaş alma merkezi örneği. İzmir Kâtip Çelebi Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 3(1), 1–16.
- Ay F, Akkaya D, Başıbüyük GÖ. (2019). Yaşam kalitesinin yalnızlık üzerindeki etkisi: Antalya 60+ Tazelenme Üniversite Örneği. Sivas Cumhuriyet Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 2 (2), 194-209.
- Bandari R, Khankeh HR, Shahboulaghi FM, Ebadi A, Keshtkar AA, Montazeri A. (2019). Defining loneliness in older adults: Protocol for a systematic review. Systematic Reviews, 8, 1–6.
- Boylu AA, Günay, G. (2018) Yaşlı bireylerde algılanan sosyal desteğin yaşam doyumu üzerine etkisi. İnsan ve Toplum Bilimleri Araştırma Dergisi, 7, 1351– 1363.
- Chen Y, Feeley T. (2014). Social support, social strain, loneliness, and well-being among older adults: An analysis of the health and retirement study. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 31(2), 141–161.
- Cohen JM, Eisner R. (2020). The meanings of loneliness for older persons. Aging Mental Health, 24(4), 564-574.
- Courtin E, Knapp M. (2017) Social isolation, loneliness and health in old age: a scoping review. Heal Soc Care Commun, 25, 799–812
- Doğan S, Başer M. (2019). Yaşlılarda Yalnızlık: Bir Saha Araştırması. Journal of Health Sciences and Management, 1, 1-10.
- Erdoğan A. A. (2016). Yaşlılık Döneminde İşitme Kaybı ve İşitme Kaybına Yaklaşımlar. Turkish Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care, 10(1), 25-33.
- Erol Ş, Sezer A, Şişman NF, Öztürk S. (2016). Yaşlılarda yalnızlık algısı ve yaşam doyumu, Gümüşhane Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(3), 60-69.
- Fernandes C, Dias C, Scorsolini C.F. (2014). The experience of loneliness and the social support to elderly women. Psicologia em Estudo, 19(4), 681–691.
- Folstein MF, Folstein JE, McHugh PR. (1975). Mini-Mental State is a practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 12, 189-98.
- Gierveld J, Tilburg TG. (1999). Living arrangements of older adults in the Netherlands and Italy: Coresidence values and behavior and their consequences for loneliness. Journal of Cross-Cultural Gerontology, 14, 1-24.
- Güngen C, Ertan T, Eker E, Yaşar R, Engin F. (2002). Standardize Mini Mental Test’in Türk toplumunda hafif demans tanısında geçerlilik ve güvenilirliği. Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi, 13, 273-281
- Harithasan D, Mukari SZS, Ishak WS. (2019). The impact of sensory impairment on cognitive performance, quality of life, depression, and loneliness among older adults. International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry, 35, 358-364.
- Hill PL, Weston SJ. (2019). Evaluating eight-year trajectories for sense of purpose in the health and retirement study. Aging Mental Health, 23, 233–237.
- Hipson WE, Kiritchenko S, Mohammad SM, Coplan RJ. (2021). Examining the language of solitude versus loneliness in tweets. Journal of Social and Personal Relationships, 38(5),1596-1610.
- Holwerda TJ, Deeg DJ, Beekman AT, Van Tilburg TG, Stek ML, Jonker C, Schoevers RA. (2014). Feelings of loneliness, but not social isolation, predict dementia onset: results from the Amsterdam study of the elderly
(AMSTEL). Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry, 85(2), 135–142.
- Kalınkara V, Sarı I. (2019).Determining the relationship between social network use and loneliness in the elderly. Elderly Issues Research Journal, 12, 8– 19.
- Kapıkıran Ş. (2016). Yaşlılarda yalnızlık ile yaşam doyumu arasındaki ilişki: Sosyal desteğin aracılık rolünün sınanması. Yaşlı Sorunları Araştırma Dergisi, 9, 13-25.
- Macià D, Cattaneo G, Solana J, Tormos JM, Pascual-Leone A, Bartrés-Faz D. (2021). Meaning in Life: A Major Predictive Factor for Loneliness Comparable to Health Status and Social Connectedness. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 627547.
- Neville S, Adams J, Montayre J, Larmer P, Garrett N, Stephens C, Alpass F. (2018). Loneliness in Men 60 Years and Over: The Association With Purpose in Life. American Journal of Men’s Health 12(4) 730-739.
- Nyqvist F, Cattan M, Andersson L, Forsman AK, Gustafson Y. (2013). Social capital and loneliness among the very old living at home and in institutional settings a comparative study. Journal of Aging and Health, 25(6), 1013-1035.
- Perissinotto CM, Cenzer IS, Covinsky KE. (2012). Loneliness in older persons: a predictor of functional decline and death. Archives of Internal Medicine, 172(14), 1078–1084.
- Polat F, Karasu FG. (2020) The relationship between the perceived loneliness level of elderly individuals and depression. Journal of Vocational School of Health Service, 8, 72– 82.
- Püllüm E. Akyıl RÇ. (2017). Loneliness and social isolation among eldely people. Meandros Medical and Dental Journal, 18(3), 158-163.
- Shovestul B, Han J, Germine L, Dodell-Feder, D. (2020) Risk Factors for Loneliness: The High Relative Importance of Age versus Other Factors. PLoS ONE 15, e0229087.
- Snedeker L. (2017). Aging & isolation causes and impacts. Social Work Today, 17(1), 24.
- Solmi M, Veronese N, Galvano D, (2020). Factors Associated With Loneliness: An Umbrella Review Of Observational Studies. Journal of Affective Disorders, 15 (271), 131–138.
- Somes J. (2021).The Loneliness of Aging. Journal of Emergency Nursing, 47(3), 469–475.
- Steger MF, Frazier P, Oishi S, Kaler M. (2006). The meaning in life questionnaire: Assessing the presence of and search for meaning in life. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 53(1), 80-93.
- Steptoe A, Fancourt D. (2019). Leading a meaningful life at older ages and its relationship with social engagement, prosperity, health, biology, and time use. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of
the United States of America, 116, 1207-1212.
- Sutin AR, Stephan Y, Luchetti M, Terracciano, A. (2018). Loneliness and risk of Dementia. Journal of Gerontology, 2, 966–967.
- Tabue TM, Simo-Tabue N, Stoykova R, Meillon C, Cogne M, Amiéva H., et al. (2016). Feelings of loneliness and living alone as predictors of mortality in the elderly: the PAQUID Study. Psychosomatic Medicine, 78, 904–909.
- Tel H, Koç M, Aydın HT (2020). Evde yaşayan yaşlılarda yalnızlık, yaşam doyumu ve ölüm kaygısının belirlenmesi. IBAD Journal of Social Sciences, 1-10.
- Tilvis R, Routasalo P, Karppinen H, Strandberg T. Kautiainen H, Pitkala K. (2012). Social isolation, social activity
and loneliness as survival indicators in old age; a nationwide survey with a 7-year follow-up. European
Geriatric Medicine, 3(1), 18-22.
- Todd C, Camic PM, Lockyer, B, Thomson LJ. Chatterjee, H J. (2017). Museum-based programs for socially isolated older adults: Understanding what works. Health & Place, 48, 47-55.