Farklı Yetersizlik Türlerinden Etkilenen Çocuk ve Gençlerin Duygu ve Davranış Bozukluklarının Değerlendirilmesi

Year 2022, Volume: 23 Issue: 4, 873 - 891, 01.12.2022

Mahir Uğurlu , Emine Eratay

https://doi.org/10.21565/ozelegitimdergisi.884751

Abstract

Giriş: Araştırmada farklı yetersizlik türlerinden etkilenen çocuk ve gençlerin duygu ve davranış bozukluklarının belirlenerek değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırmada nicel araştırma yöntemlerinden genel tarama araştırma modeli kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri 6-18 Yaş Çocuk-Gençler için Öğretmen TRF ölçeği ile 1439 çocuk ve gencin 501 öğretmeninden toplanarak SPSS 23 programıyla analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Yetersizlik türü ile duygu davranış bozuklukları arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmuş; TRF ölçeğinden en yüksek puanı otizm spektrum bozukluğu olanlar, en düşük puanı ise görme yetersizliği olanlar almıştır. Erkeklerin kızlara göre ve çoklu yetersizliği olanların olmayanlara göre daha yüksek puan aldığı bulunmuş; eğitim kademesiyle birlikte TRF ölçeğinden alınan puanların arttığı belirlenmiştir.
Tartışma: Araştırmada kurallara karşı gelme alt ölçeği dışındaki diğer alt ölçeklerde en yüksek puana OSB olan bireylerin; tüm alt ölçeklerde en düşük puana ise görme yetersizliği olan bireylerin sahip olduğu bulunmuştur. Bulgular literatürdeki yetersizlik türünün duygu ve davranış problemleri üzerinde etkili olduğu bulgusuyla benzerlik taşımaktadır. Bu durum üzerinde yaşadıkları iletişim ve sosyal etkileşim güçlükleri, akran ilişkileri ve oyun becerilerindeki sınırlılıklar, başkalarının düşünce ve yargılarını anlamada güçlük çekmelerinin etkili olduğu düşünülmektedir. Duygu ve davranış bozukluklarının etkilerini azaltmak için öğrencilere, öğretmenlere ve ailelere yönelik programlar hazırlanabileceği, araştırma verilerinin öğretmenlerden olduğu gibi ebeveyn bildirimleriyle de elde edilebileceği, araştırmanın 3-6 yaş arası çocukları kapsayacak şekilde yapılabileceği önerilerinde bulunulmuştur.

Keywords

duygu ve davranış bozukluğu, zihinsel yetersizlik, otizm spektrum bozukluğu, işitme yetersizliği, görme yetersizliği, çoklu yetersizlik

The Evaluation of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders of Children and Adolescents Affected by Different Deficiency Disorders

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of the study was to determine and evaluate the emotional and behavioral disorders of children and adolescents affected by different types of disability.
Method: The general survey research model, one of the quantitative research methods, was used in the study. The data of the study were collected from 501 teachers of 1439 children and young people with the TRF scale for 6-18 Years Old Children and Adolescents and analyzed with the SPSS 23 program.
Findings: A significant difference was found between the type of disability and emotional behavior disorders; those with autism spectrum disorder got the highest score on the TRF scale, and those with visual impairment got the lowest score. It was found that boys scored higher than girls and those with multiple disabilities had higher scores than those without; it was determined that the scores obtained from the TRF scale increased with the education level.
Discussion: It was determined that individuals with ASD had the highest score in the subscales except for the subscale on breaking the rules. The lowest scores in all subscales were found in those with visual impairment. The findings are similar to the finding in the literature that the type of disability is effective on emotional and behavior problems. This can be explained by their communication and social interaction difficulties. It is thought that limitations in peer relations and game skills and challenges in understanding the thoughts and judgments of others are effective. It has been suggested that programs can be prepared for students, teachers, and families in order to reduce the effects of emotional and behavior disorders, the research data can be obtained from teachers as well as with parental notifications, and the research can be carried out in a way to include children aged 3-6.

Keywords

Emotional and behavioral disorder, intellectual disability, autism spectrum disorder, hearing impairment, visual impairment, multiple disabilities

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