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RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES

Year 2018, , 38 - 42, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977

Abstract

Purpose - This study aims to test the weak form efficient market hypothesis in Borsa Istanbul (BIST). We analyze weekly price indices, BIST-100, BIST-Financials, BIST-Industrials, BIST-Service, and BIST Technology over the period January 1988 – September 2018.

Methodology – In addition to well-known unit root tests, we apply adaptive wild bootstrap testing procedures proposed by Cavaliere et al. (2018) and Boswijk and Zu (2018), both considering the non-stationary volatility process.

Findings – The standard unit root tests provide mixed results. However, Carrion-i-Silvestre et al. (2009) and Maki (2015) unit root tests, and adaptive wild bootstrap testing procedures of both Boswijk and Zu’s (2018) and Cavaliere et al. (2018) suggest that all price indices contain unit root at 5% level.

Conclusion- The Turkish stock market is informationally weak-form efficient. The price indices follow a random-walk process; thus, it is fruitless to conduct trading strategies based on past price information to reap excess returns.

References

  • Bachelier, L. (1900). Théorie de la spéculation. Gauthier-Villars.
  • Balaban, E. (1995a). Informational efficiency of the Istanbul Securities Exchange and some rationale for public regulation. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Research Department Discussion Paper, 9502, 39-67.
  • Balaban, E. (1995b). Some empirics of the Turkish stock market. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Research Department Discussion Paper, (9508).
  • Banz, R. W. (1981). The relationship between return and market value of common stocks. Journal of financial economics, 9(1), 3-18.
  • Basu, S. (1983). The relationship between earnings' yield, market value and return for NYSE common stocks: Further evidence. Journal of financial economics, 12(1), 129-156.
  • Blume, M. E., & Stambaugh, R. F. (1983). Biases in computed returns: An application to the size effect. Journal of Financial Economics, 12(3), 387-404.
  • Boswijk, H. P., & Zu, Y. (2018). Adaptive wild bootstrap tests for a unit root with non‐stationary volatility. The Econometrics Journal, 21(2), 87-113.
  • Buguk, C., & Brorsen, B. W. (2003). Testing weak-form market efficiency: Evidence from the Istanbul Stock Exchange. International review of financial analysis, 12(5), 579-590.
  • Campbell, J. Y., & Shiller, R. J. (1988). The dividend-price ratio and expectations of future dividends and discount factors. The Review of Financial Studies, 1(3), 195-228.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre, J. L., Kim, D., & Perron, P. (2009). GLS-based unit root tests with multiple structural breaks under both the null and the alternative hypotheses. Econometric theory, 25(6), 1754-1792.
  • Cavaliere, G., Nielsen, M., & Taylor, A. M. (2017). Adaptive inference in heteroskedastic fractional time series models (No. 1390). Queen's University, Department of Economics.
  • Cowles A. (1933). Can Stock Market Forecasters Forecast? Econometrica, 1(3), 309-324.
  • Demirer, R., & Karan, M. (2002). An Investigation of the Day-of-the-Week Effect on Stock Returns in Turkey. Emerging Markets Finance & Trade, 38(6), 47-77.
  • Dickey, D. A., & Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American statistical association, 74(366a), 427-431.
  • Fama, E. F. (1965a). Random Walks in Stock Market Prices. Financial Analysts Journal, 21(5), 55-59.
  • Fama, E. F. (1965b). The behavior of stock-market prices. The journal of Business, 38(1), 34-105.
  • Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work. The journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417.
  • Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1988). Dividend yields and expected stock returns. Journal of financial economics, 22(1), 3-25.
  • Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1989). Business conditions and expected returns on stocks and bonds. Journal of financial economics, 25(1), 23-49.
  • Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1992). The cross‐section of expected stock returns. The Journal of Finance, 47(2), 427-465.
  • Givoly, D., & Palmon, D. (1985). Insider trading and the exploitation of inside information: Some empirical evidence. Journal of business, 58(1), 69-87.
  • Gozbasi, O., Kucukkaplan, I., & Nazlioglu, S. (2014). Re-examining the Turkish stock market efficiency: Evidence from nonlinear unit root tests. Economic Modelling, 38, 381-384.
  • Jaffe, J. F. (1974). Special information and insider trading. The Journal of Business, 47(3), 410-428.
  • Jensen, M. C. (1978). Some Anomalous Evidence Regarding Market Efficiency. Journal of Financial Economics, 6(2/3), 95-101.
  • Karan, M. B., & Kapusuzoglu, A. (2010). An analysis of the random walk and overreaction hypotheses through optimum portfolios constructed by the nonlinear programming model. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4(6), 1215-1220.
  • Keim, D. B., & Stambaugh, R. F. (1986). Predicting returns in the stock and bond markets. Journal of financial Economics, 17(2), 357-390.
  • Kwiatkowski, D., Phillips, P. C., Schmidt, P., & Shin, Y. (1992). Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root: How sure are we that economic time series have a unit root?. Journal of econometrics, 54(1-3), 159-178.
  • Lo, A. W., & MacKinlay, A. C. (1988). Stock market prices do not follow random walks: Evidence from a simple specification test. The review of financial studies, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Maki, D. (2015). Wild bootstrap tests for unit root in ESTAR models. Statistical Methods & Applications, 24(3), 475-490.
  • Mandelbrot, B. (1963). The Variation of Certain Speculative Prices. The Journal of Business, 36(4), 394-419.
  • Ozdemir, Z. A. (2008). Efficient market hypothesis: evidence from a small open-economy. Applied Economics, 40(5), 633-641.
  • Özer, G., & Ertokatli, C. (2010). Chaotic processes of common stock index returns: An empirical examination on Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) market. African Journal of Business Management, 4(6), 1140-1148.
  • Phillips, P. C., & Perron, P. (1988). Testing for a unit root in time series regression. Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Samuelson, P. A. (1965). Rational theory of warrant pricing. Industrial Management Review, Industrial Management Review, 6(2), 13-39.
  • Seyhun, H. N. (1986). Insiders' profits, costs of trading, and market efficiency. Journal of financial Economics, 16(2), 189-212.
  • Smith, G., & Ryoo, H. J. (2003). Variance ratio tests of the random walk hypothesis for European emerging stock markets. The European Journal of Finance, 9(3), 290-300.
Year 2018, , 38 - 42, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977

Abstract

References

  • Bachelier, L. (1900). Théorie de la spéculation. Gauthier-Villars.
  • Balaban, E. (1995a). Informational efficiency of the Istanbul Securities Exchange and some rationale for public regulation. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Research Department Discussion Paper, 9502, 39-67.
  • Balaban, E. (1995b). Some empirics of the Turkish stock market. The Central Bank of the Republic of Turkey Research Department Discussion Paper, (9508).
  • Banz, R. W. (1981). The relationship between return and market value of common stocks. Journal of financial economics, 9(1), 3-18.
  • Basu, S. (1983). The relationship between earnings' yield, market value and return for NYSE common stocks: Further evidence. Journal of financial economics, 12(1), 129-156.
  • Blume, M. E., & Stambaugh, R. F. (1983). Biases in computed returns: An application to the size effect. Journal of Financial Economics, 12(3), 387-404.
  • Boswijk, H. P., & Zu, Y. (2018). Adaptive wild bootstrap tests for a unit root with non‐stationary volatility. The Econometrics Journal, 21(2), 87-113.
  • Buguk, C., & Brorsen, B. W. (2003). Testing weak-form market efficiency: Evidence from the Istanbul Stock Exchange. International review of financial analysis, 12(5), 579-590.
  • Campbell, J. Y., & Shiller, R. J. (1988). The dividend-price ratio and expectations of future dividends and discount factors. The Review of Financial Studies, 1(3), 195-228.
  • Carrion-i-Silvestre, J. L., Kim, D., & Perron, P. (2009). GLS-based unit root tests with multiple structural breaks under both the null and the alternative hypotheses. Econometric theory, 25(6), 1754-1792.
  • Cavaliere, G., Nielsen, M., & Taylor, A. M. (2017). Adaptive inference in heteroskedastic fractional time series models (No. 1390). Queen's University, Department of Economics.
  • Cowles A. (1933). Can Stock Market Forecasters Forecast? Econometrica, 1(3), 309-324.
  • Demirer, R., & Karan, M. (2002). An Investigation of the Day-of-the-Week Effect on Stock Returns in Turkey. Emerging Markets Finance & Trade, 38(6), 47-77.
  • Dickey, D. A., & Fuller, W. A. (1979). Distribution of the estimators for autoregressive time series with a unit root. Journal of the American statistical association, 74(366a), 427-431.
  • Fama, E. F. (1965a). Random Walks in Stock Market Prices. Financial Analysts Journal, 21(5), 55-59.
  • Fama, E. F. (1965b). The behavior of stock-market prices. The journal of Business, 38(1), 34-105.
  • Fama, E. F. (1970). Efficient capital markets: A review of theory and empirical work. The journal of Finance, 25(2), 383-417.
  • Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1988). Dividend yields and expected stock returns. Journal of financial economics, 22(1), 3-25.
  • Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1989). Business conditions and expected returns on stocks and bonds. Journal of financial economics, 25(1), 23-49.
  • Fama, E. F., & French, K. R. (1992). The cross‐section of expected stock returns. The Journal of Finance, 47(2), 427-465.
  • Givoly, D., & Palmon, D. (1985). Insider trading and the exploitation of inside information: Some empirical evidence. Journal of business, 58(1), 69-87.
  • Gozbasi, O., Kucukkaplan, I., & Nazlioglu, S. (2014). Re-examining the Turkish stock market efficiency: Evidence from nonlinear unit root tests. Economic Modelling, 38, 381-384.
  • Jaffe, J. F. (1974). Special information and insider trading. The Journal of Business, 47(3), 410-428.
  • Jensen, M. C. (1978). Some Anomalous Evidence Regarding Market Efficiency. Journal of Financial Economics, 6(2/3), 95-101.
  • Karan, M. B., & Kapusuzoglu, A. (2010). An analysis of the random walk and overreaction hypotheses through optimum portfolios constructed by the nonlinear programming model. Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 4(6), 1215-1220.
  • Keim, D. B., & Stambaugh, R. F. (1986). Predicting returns in the stock and bond markets. Journal of financial Economics, 17(2), 357-390.
  • Kwiatkowski, D., Phillips, P. C., Schmidt, P., & Shin, Y. (1992). Testing the null hypothesis of stationarity against the alternative of a unit root: How sure are we that economic time series have a unit root?. Journal of econometrics, 54(1-3), 159-178.
  • Lo, A. W., & MacKinlay, A. C. (1988). Stock market prices do not follow random walks: Evidence from a simple specification test. The review of financial studies, 1(1), 41-66.
  • Maki, D. (2015). Wild bootstrap tests for unit root in ESTAR models. Statistical Methods & Applications, 24(3), 475-490.
  • Mandelbrot, B. (1963). The Variation of Certain Speculative Prices. The Journal of Business, 36(4), 394-419.
  • Ozdemir, Z. A. (2008). Efficient market hypothesis: evidence from a small open-economy. Applied Economics, 40(5), 633-641.
  • Özer, G., & Ertokatli, C. (2010). Chaotic processes of common stock index returns: An empirical examination on Istanbul Stock Exchange (ISE) market. African Journal of Business Management, 4(6), 1140-1148.
  • Phillips, P. C., & Perron, P. (1988). Testing for a unit root in time series regression. Biometrika, 75(2), 335-346.
  • Samuelson, P. A. (1965). Rational theory of warrant pricing. Industrial Management Review, Industrial Management Review, 6(2), 13-39.
  • Seyhun, H. N. (1986). Insiders' profits, costs of trading, and market efficiency. Journal of financial Economics, 16(2), 189-212.
  • Smith, G., & Ryoo, H. J. (2003). Variance ratio tests of the random walk hypothesis for European emerging stock markets. The European Journal of Finance, 9(3), 290-300.
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Efe Caglar Cagli 0000-0002-8250-141X

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018

Cite

APA Cagli, E. C. (2018). RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES. PressAcademia Procedia, 8(1), 38-42. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977
AMA Cagli EC. RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES. PAP. December 2018;8(1):38-42. doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977
Chicago Cagli, Efe Caglar. “RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES”. PressAcademia Procedia 8, no. 1 (December 2018): 38-42. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977.
EndNote Cagli EC (December 1, 2018) RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES. PressAcademia Procedia 8 1 38–42.
IEEE E. C. Cagli, “RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES”, PAP, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 38–42, 2018, doi: 10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977.
ISNAD Cagli, Efe Caglar. “RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES”. PressAcademia Procedia 8/1 (December 2018), 38-42. https://doi.org/10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977.
JAMA Cagli EC. RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES. PAP. 2018;8:38–42.
MLA Cagli, Efe Caglar. “RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES”. PressAcademia Procedia, vol. 8, no. 1, 2018, pp. 38-42, doi:10.17261/Pressacademia.2018.977.
Vancouver Cagli EC. RE-VISITING THE TURKISH STOCK MARKET EFFICIENCY: EVIDENCE FROM ADAPTIVE WILD BOOTSTRAP TESTING PROCEDURES. PAP. 2018;8(1):38-42.

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