Çölyak hastalarında ve sağlıklı çocuklarda laktoz malabsorbsiyonu

Year 2019, Volume: 12 Issue: 2, 321 - 328, 28.05.2019

Atakan Comba , Fatma Demirbaş , Esra Eren , Gönül Çaltepe , Özlem Yüce Ayhan Gazi Kalaycı

https://doi.org/10.31362/patd.531821

Abstract

Amaç Laktoz malabsorbsiyonu, doğuştan, primer veya
sekonder olarak ortaya çıkabilir. Çölyak hastalığı, sekonder laktoz
malabsorbsiyona neden olan bir 
hastalıktır. Bu çalışmada, çölyak hastası çocuklar ile sağlıklı
çocuklarda laktoz hidrojen nefes testi ile laktoz malabsorbsiyon sıklığının
belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır.

Gereç
ve Yöntem Çalışmaya, 64 çölyak
hastası ve 52 sağlıklı çocuk dahil edildi. Çölyak hastaları yeni tanı alanlar
ve takipli çölyak hastaları olarak iki gruba ayrıldı. Takipli çölyak hastaları tedaviye
(glutensiz diyete) tam uyumlu olanlar ve tedaviye uyumsuz olanlar olarak iki
grupta incelendi. Laktoz hidrojen nefes testi 0-500 ppm hidrojen seviyesini
algılayabilen ve 1 ppm düzeyinde duyarlı gaz analiz cihazı kullanılarak
yapıldı.

Bulgular
Çocukların ortalama yaşı 10,4 ±
4,5 yıldı.  Çölyak hastalarının 16’sı
yeni tanılı, 48’i takipli idi. Takipli çölyakların 24’ü (%50) glutensiz diyete
tam uyumluydu. Yeni tanı çölyak hastalarının %62,5’inde, glutensiz diyete
uyumsuz olanların %54,2’sinde, glutensiz diyete tam uyumluların %33,3’ünde,
sağlıklı çocukların ise %19,2’sinde laktoz hidrojen nefes testi pozitifti. Yeni
tanılı ve glutensiz diyete uymayan çölyak hastalarının laktoz hidrojen nefes
testi pozitiflik oranı (sırasıyla, %62,5; %54,2), sağlıklı çocuklardan (%19,2)
anlamlı olarak yüksekti (sırasıyla, p=0,002
ve p=0,003). Hem çölyak hastalarında
hem de sağlıklı çocuklarda, laktoz hidrojen nefes testi pozitif olanların beden
kitle indeksi z skoru, negatif olan çocuklardan anlamlı olarak düşüktü (p<0,001,
p=0,041; sırasıyla).

Sonuç
Çalışmada, çölyak serolojisi pozitif olan hastalarda laktoz hidrojen nefes
testi pozitifliği anlamlı olarak yüksek bulundu. Çölyak hastalığında laktoz
hidrojen nefes testi ile laktoz malabsorbsiyon sıklığı ve mukozal hasar
indirekt olarak saptanabilir. Laktoz malabsorbsiyonu, beden kitle indeksi düşük
olan çocuklarda daha sık görülmektedir.

Keywords

çocuk, çölyak hastalığı, hidrojen nefes testi, laktoz malabsorbsiyonu

Lactose malabsorption in children with celiac disease and healthy children

Abstract

Purpose.
Lactose malabsorption
(LM) can be congenital, primary, or secondary. Celiac
disease (CD) is a secondary cause of lactose malabsorption. This study aimed to
determine lactose malabsorption frequency using a lactose hydrogen breath test
(LHBT) in children with celiac disease and healthy children.

Materials and methods.
The study included 64 children with CD and 52 healthy controls. Celiac patients were divided
into groups as newly diagnosed and followed celiac patients. The latter were
divided into groups as compliance or noncompliance with gluten-free diet (GFD).
LHBT was performed using a gas analyser with a
1-ppm sensor sensitivity of hydrogen levels of 0–500 ppm.

Results.
Mean age of the
children was 10.4 ± 4.5 years. Sixteen of the patients had newly diagnosed
celiac disease, and 24 (50%) were compliant with GFD. LHBT results were positive in 62.5% of the newly diagnosed CD
patients, 33.3% of those compliant with GFD,
54.2% of those non-compliant with GFD,
and 19.2% of controls.  A
significantly higher proportion of newly diagnosed CD (62.5%) and non-compliant
with GFD (54.2%)  had positive LHBT
results than controls (19.2%) (p=0.002
and p=0.003, respectively).  The body mass index z scores of the children
with LHBT positivity were significantly lower than others in both healthy
children and children with CD (p<0.001,
p=0.041, respectively).

Conclusion.
In our study, the frequency of LHBT positivity was significantly higher in
celiac patients with positive celiac serology.LHBT
identified mucosal damage as indirect in celiac disease. Lactose malabsorption
is more common in children who have low body mass index.

Keywords

child, celiac disease, hydrogen breath test, lactose malabsorption

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