Development of University Adjustment Scale: Validity and Reliability Studies

Year 2020, Volume: 49, 67 - 87, 01.05.2020

Seda Sevinç Tuhanioğlu Cem Ali Gizir

https://doi.org/10.9779/pauefd.547409

Abstract

The main purpose of the present study is to develop and test the psychometric properties of the University Adjustment Scale (UAS). There were two participant-groups in the study compromising of 712 (430 female, 282 male) and 418 (261 female, 157 male) first-year undergraduate students enrolled in various faculties of a public university in Turkey. The construct validity of the scale was tested by using exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses. The result of the analyses showed that the UAS constituted from four factors including, “academic adjustment”, “social adjustment”, “personal-emotional adjustment”, and “institutional adjustment”. Criterion validity study yielded a high correlation between UAS and University Life Scale. The Cronbach alpha coefficients of the four factors were .92 for academic adjustment, .88 for social adjustment, .91 for emotional adjustment, .89 for institutional adjustment, and .94 for the full scale. The test-retests (three weeks interval) reliability coefficients of the factors were also changed between .76 (emotional adjustment) and .88 (institutional adjustment). Consequently, the study findings indicated that the UAS has a very good psychometric property for using to assess the university adjustment levels of first-year university students.

Keywords

university adjustment, university students, validity, reliability

Üniversite Uyum Ölçeğinin Geliştirilmesi: Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik Çalışmaları

Abstract

B

Bu çalışmada, üniversite
öğrencilerinin üniversiteye uyum düzeylerini dört temel boyut (akademik,
sosyal, kişisel-duygusal ve kurumsal) odağında belirlemeye yönelik geliştirilen
Üniversiteye Uyum Ölçeğinin (ÜUÖ) psikometrik özelliklerinin incelenerek
geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin sınanması amaçlanmaktadır. Araştırmanın iki farklı
çalışma grubunu, bir devlet üniversitesinin çeşitli fakültelerinde öğrenim
görmekte olan 712 (430 kadın, 282 erkek) ve 418 (261 kadın, 157 erkek) birinci
sınıf üniversite öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada, geliştirilen ölçme
aracının yapı geçerliğini incelemek amacıyla açıklayıcı ve doğrulayıcı faktör
analizi yöntemlerinden yararlanılmıştır. Analiz sonuçları, ölçeğin, 45 maddeyi
içeren dört faktörlü bir yapı sergilediğini ortaya koymuştur. Benzer ölçekler
geçerliği kapsamında yapılan analiz sonucunda da ÜUÖ ile Üniversite Yaşamı
Ölçeği arasında yüksek düzeyde bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa ile
belirlenen iç tutarlık katsayıları akademik uyum için .92, sosyal uyum için .88,
kişisel-duygusal uyum için .91, kurumsal uyum için .89 ve toplam ölçek puanı
için .94 olarak hesaplanmıştır. ÜUÖ’nün test tekrarı güvenirlik katsayılarının
ise .76 (kişisel uyum) ile .88 (kurumsal uyum) arasında değiştiği belirlenmiştir.
Sonuç olarak, üniversite öğrencileri kapsamında geliştirilen dört faktörlü
ÜUO’nün hem kuramsal hem de istatistiksel olarak geçerlik ve güvenilirlik
ölçütlerini oldukça iyi düzeyde karşıladığı belirlenmiştir.

Keywords

üniversiteye uyum, üniversite öğrencileri, geçerlik, güvenirlik

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