5. Remington JS, McLeod R, Thulliez P, Desmonts G. Toxoplasmosis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO, (eds). Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant. 5 th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2001. p. 205- 346.
6. Altintafl N, Yolasigmaz Yazar S, Sakru N, Kitapcioglu G. Investigation of Toxoplasma antibodies in residence of central Izmir and surrounding. Acta Parasitol Turcica 1998; 22: 229-32.
7. Avelino MM, Campos D, Parada JC, Castro AM. Pregnancy as a risk factor for acute toxoplasmosis seroconversion. Eur J Obstet & Gynecol and Reprod Biol 2003; 108: 19-24.
8. Wilson M, McAuley JM. Toxoplasmosis. In: Murray PR, (ed). Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 7th edition. Washington D.C.; American Society for Microbiology; 1999. p.1374-82.
10. Montaya JG. Laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection and toxoplasmosis. J Infect Dis 2002; 185: 73-82.
11. Durlack RA, Kaufer F, Carral L, Hirt J. Toxoplasmic lymphadenitis-clinical and serologic profile. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9: 625-631.
12. Harma M, Harma M, Gungen N, Demir N. Toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Sanliurfa, Southeastern Anatolia City, Turkey. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 2004; 34: 519-25.
13. Jones JL, Kruszon-Moran D, Wilson M. Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States, 1999-2000. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9: 1371-4.
14. Petersen E, Pollak A, Owona IR. Recent trends in research on congenital toxoplasmosis. Int J Parasitol 2001; 31: 115-44.
15. Jones J, Lopez A, Wilson M. Congenital toxoplasmosis. Am Fam Physician 2003; 67: 2131-8.
16. Atmaca LS, Simsek T, Batioglu F. Clinical Features and Prognosis in Ocular Toxoplasmosis. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2004; 48: 386-91.
17. Vutova K, Peicheva Z, Popova A, Markova V, Mincheva N, Todorov T. Congenital toxoplasmosis: eye manifestations in infants and children. Ann Trop Paediatr 2002; 22: 213-8.
19. Montoya JG, Remington JS. Toxoplasma gondii. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, (eds). Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000. p.2858-88.
20. Luft BJ, Billingham M, Remington JS. Endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of toxoplasmic myocarditis. Transplant Proc 1986; 18: 1871-3.
21. Stepick-Biek P, Thulliez P, Araujo FG, Remington JS. IgA antibodies for diagnosis of acute congenital and acquired toxoplasmosis. J Infect Dis 1990; 162: 270-3.
22. Grover CM, Thulliez P, Remington JS, Boothroyd JD. Rapid prenatal diagnosis of congenital Toxoplasma infection by using polymerase chain reaction and amniotic fluid. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28: 2297-2301.
23. Dupouy-Camet J, Lavareda de Souza L, Maslo C, et al. Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in venous blood from AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 1866-9.
24. Hedman K, Lappalainen M, Seppala I, Makela O. Recent primary Toxoplasma infection indicated by a low avidity of specific IgG. J Infect Dis 1989; 159: 736-9.
25. Jenum PA, Stray-Pedersen B, Gundersen AG. Improved diagnosis of primary Toxoplasma gondii infection in early pregnancy by determination of antitoxoplasma immunoglobulin G avidity. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 1972-7.
26. Liesenfeld O, Montoya JG, Kinney S, Press C, Remington JS. Effect of testing for IgG avidity in the diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women: experience in a US reference laboratory. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 1248-53.
27. Hohlfeld P, Daffos F, Costa JM, Thulliez P, Forestier F, Vidaud M. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis with a polymerase-chainreaction test on amniotic fluid. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 695-9.
28. Wallon M, Gaucherand P, Al Kurdi M, Peyron F. Toxoplasma infections in early pregnancy: consequences and management. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 2002: 31: 478-84.
29. American Academy of Pediatrics. Toxoplasmosis. In: Pickering LK, (ed). Red Book: 2003 Report of the Committee on Infectious Disease. 26th edition. Elk Grove Vilage, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2003. p.631-5.
30. Bosch-Driessen LH, Berendsebot TT, Ongkosuwito JV, Rothova A. Ocular toxoplasmosis: clinical features and prognosis of 154 patients. Ophthalmol 2002; 109: 869-78
Toksoplazmozis
Year 2004,
Volume: 2 Issue: 4, 152 - 156, 01.12.2004
Toksoplazmozis yaygın olarak tüm dünyada görülen paraziter bir hastalıktır. Hastalığa protozoon olan Toxoplasma gondii neden olur. Çocuklarda ve erişkinlerde genellikle asemptomatik ya da kendi kendini sınırlayan ateş, halsizlik, lenfadenopati gibi semptomlarla seyreder 1-4 .
5. Remington JS, McLeod R, Thulliez P, Desmonts G. Toxoplasmosis. In: Remington JS, Klein JO, (eds). Infectious Diseases of the Fetus and Newborn Infant. 5 th edition. Philadelphia: WB Saunders, 2001. p. 205- 346.
6. Altintafl N, Yolasigmaz Yazar S, Sakru N, Kitapcioglu G. Investigation of Toxoplasma antibodies in residence of central Izmir and surrounding. Acta Parasitol Turcica 1998; 22: 229-32.
7. Avelino MM, Campos D, Parada JC, Castro AM. Pregnancy as a risk factor for acute toxoplasmosis seroconversion. Eur J Obstet & Gynecol and Reprod Biol 2003; 108: 19-24.
8. Wilson M, McAuley JM. Toxoplasmosis. In: Murray PR, (ed). Manual of Clinical Microbiology, 7th edition. Washington D.C.; American Society for Microbiology; 1999. p.1374-82.
10. Montaya JG. Laboratory diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection and toxoplasmosis. J Infect Dis 2002; 185: 73-82.
11. Durlack RA, Kaufer F, Carral L, Hirt J. Toxoplasmic lymphadenitis-clinical and serologic profile. Clin Microbiol Infect 2003; 9: 625-631.
12. Harma M, Harma M, Gungen N, Demir N. Toxoplasmosis in pregnant women in Sanliurfa, Southeastern Anatolia City, Turkey. J Egypt Soc Parasitol 2004; 34: 519-25.
13. Jones JL, Kruszon-Moran D, Wilson M. Toxoplasma gondii infection in the United States, 1999-2000. Emerg Infect Dis 2003; 9: 1371-4.
14. Petersen E, Pollak A, Owona IR. Recent trends in research on congenital toxoplasmosis. Int J Parasitol 2001; 31: 115-44.
15. Jones J, Lopez A, Wilson M. Congenital toxoplasmosis. Am Fam Physician 2003; 67: 2131-8.
16. Atmaca LS, Simsek T, Batioglu F. Clinical Features and Prognosis in Ocular Toxoplasmosis. Jpn J Ophthalmol 2004; 48: 386-91.
17. Vutova K, Peicheva Z, Popova A, Markova V, Mincheva N, Todorov T. Congenital toxoplasmosis: eye manifestations in infants and children. Ann Trop Paediatr 2002; 22: 213-8.
19. Montoya JG, Remington JS. Toxoplasma gondii. In: Mandell GL, Bennett JE, Dolin R, (eds). Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases. Philadelphia: Churchill Livingstone, 2000. p.2858-88.
20. Luft BJ, Billingham M, Remington JS. Endomyocardial biopsy in the diagnosis of toxoplasmic myocarditis. Transplant Proc 1986; 18: 1871-3.
21. Stepick-Biek P, Thulliez P, Araujo FG, Remington JS. IgA antibodies for diagnosis of acute congenital and acquired toxoplasmosis. J Infect Dis 1990; 162: 270-3.
22. Grover CM, Thulliez P, Remington JS, Boothroyd JD. Rapid prenatal diagnosis of congenital Toxoplasma infection by using polymerase chain reaction and amniotic fluid. J Clin Microbiol 1990; 28: 2297-2301.
23. Dupouy-Camet J, Lavareda de Souza L, Maslo C, et al. Detection of Toxoplasma gondii in venous blood from AIDS patients by polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Microbiol 1993; 31: 1866-9.
24. Hedman K, Lappalainen M, Seppala I, Makela O. Recent primary Toxoplasma infection indicated by a low avidity of specific IgG. J Infect Dis 1989; 159: 736-9.
25. Jenum PA, Stray-Pedersen B, Gundersen AG. Improved diagnosis of primary Toxoplasma gondii infection in early pregnancy by determination of antitoxoplasma immunoglobulin G avidity. J Clin Microbiol 1997; 35: 1972-7.
26. Liesenfeld O, Montoya JG, Kinney S, Press C, Remington JS. Effect of testing for IgG avidity in the diagnosis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in pregnant women: experience in a US reference laboratory. J Infect Dis 2001; 183: 1248-53.
27. Hohlfeld P, Daffos F, Costa JM, Thulliez P, Forestier F, Vidaud M. Prenatal diagnosis of congenital toxoplasmosis with a polymerase-chainreaction test on amniotic fluid. N Engl J Med 1994; 331: 695-9.
28. Wallon M, Gaucherand P, Al Kurdi M, Peyron F. Toxoplasma infections in early pregnancy: consequences and management. J Gynecol Obstet Biol Reprod 2002: 31: 478-84.
29. American Academy of Pediatrics. Toxoplasmosis. In: Pickering LK, (ed). Red Book: 2003 Report of the Committee on Infectious Disease. 26th edition. Elk Grove Vilage, IL: American Academy of Pediatrics; 2003. p.631-5.
30. Bosch-Driessen LH, Berendsebot TT, Ongkosuwito JV, Rothova A. Ocular toxoplasmosis: clinical features and prognosis of 154 patients. Ophthalmol 2002; 109: 869-78