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Approach to Adult Agitated Case in the Emergency Department: Key Points from a Psychiatric Perspective

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 24 - 25, 25.03.2025

Abstract

Agitation is a common condition that can be associated with various psychiatric and medical conditions. It can present with a wide range of symptoms, starting from mild restlessness and reaching severe aggression. Early recognition of agitation and intervention in light of ethical rules are important. The intervention process consists of various steps including environmental regulation, security measures, verbal calming and the use of psychopharmacological agents. After excluding general medical conditions that may be responsible for the current condition of the case, the psychiatric picture is managed. Antipsychotic and benzodiazepine group drugs are frequently used in intervention. Haloperidol is the most important agent used in agitation intervention. The most important factors that increase the success of the agitation intervention process are early diagnosis and treatment. In order to achieve this, agitation should be addressed with a multidisciplinary clinical approach and emphasis should be placed on in-service training.

References

  • Hamm B, Pozuelo L, Brendel R. General hospital agitation management: Leadership theory and health care team best practices using TeamSTEPPS. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry. 2022;63(3):213-224.
  • Marder SR. A review of agitation in mental illness: treatment guidelines and current therapies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67(10):13-21.
  • Hankin CS, Bronstone A, Koran LM. Agitation in the inpatient psychiatric setting: a review of clinical presentation, burden, and treatment. J Psychiatr Pract. 2011;17(3):170-185.
  • Gottlieb M, Long B, Koyfman A. Approach to the agitated emergency department patient. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):447-457.
  • Holloman GH Jr, Zeller SL. Overview of project BETA: Best practices in evaluation and treatment of agitation. West J Emerg Med. 2012;13(1):1-2.

Acil Serviste Yetişkin Ajite Vakaya Yaklaşım: Psikiyatrik Bir Bakış Açısıyla Önemli Noktalar

Year 2025, Volume: 7 Issue: 1, 24 - 25, 25.03.2025

Abstract

Ajitasyon, çeşitli psikiyatrik ve tıbbi durumlarla ilişkilendirilebilen yaygın bir durumdur. Hafif huzursuzluktan başlayıp şiddetli saldırganlığa kadar uzanan geniş bir semptom yelpazesiyle ortaya çıkabilir. Ajitasyonun erken tanınması ve etik kurallar ışığında müdahale edilmesi önemlidir. Müdahale süreci, çevresel düzenleme, güvenlik önlemleri, sözel yatıştırma ve psikofarmakolojik ajanların kullanımı gibi çeşitli adımlardan oluşur. Olayın mevcut durumundan sorumlu olabilecek genel tıbbi durumlar dışlandıktan sonra psikiyatrik tablo yönetilir. Müdahalede sıklıkla antipsikotik ve benzodiazepin grubu ilaçlar kullanılır. Ajitasyona müdahalede kullanılan en önemli ajan haloperidoldür. Ajitasyon müdahale sürecinin başarısını artıran en önemli faktörler erken tanı ve tedavidir. Bunu başarmak için ajitasyon multidisipliner klinik yaklaşımla ele alınmalı ve hizmet içi eğitime önem verilmelidir.

References

  • Hamm B, Pozuelo L, Brendel R. General hospital agitation management: Leadership theory and health care team best practices using TeamSTEPPS. J Acad Consult Liaison Psychiatry. 2022;63(3):213-224.
  • Marder SR. A review of agitation in mental illness: treatment guidelines and current therapies. J Clin Psychiatry. 2006;67(10):13-21.
  • Hankin CS, Bronstone A, Koran LM. Agitation in the inpatient psychiatric setting: a review of clinical presentation, burden, and treatment. J Psychiatr Pract. 2011;17(3):170-185.
  • Gottlieb M, Long B, Koyfman A. Approach to the agitated emergency department patient. J Emerg Med. 2018;54(4):447-457.
  • Holloman GH Jr, Zeller SL. Overview of project BETA: Best practices in evaluation and treatment of agitation. West J Emerg Med. 2012;13(1):1-2.
There are 5 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Psychiatry
Journal Section Letter To The Editor
Authors

Dilek Örüm 0000-0001-8369-1553

Early Pub Date March 11, 2025
Publication Date March 25, 2025
Submission Date December 21, 2024
Acceptance Date January 10, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 7 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Örüm D. Approach to Adult Agitated Case in the Emergency Department: Key Points from a Psychiatric Perspective. Phnx Med J. 2025;7(1):24-5.

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