Mobil Tasarsız Ağlar için Acil Durum ve Kurtarma Senaryolarına Yönelik bir Protokol: E-AODV

Year 2018, Volume: 21 Issue: 3, 739 - 751, 01.09.2018

Fırat Çetinkaya İbrahim Alper Doğru , Murat Dörterler Ramazan Kocaoğlu

https://doi.org/10.2339/politeknik.417768

Abstract

Mobil tasarsız ağlar (MTA), önceden
tanımlı bir sabit altyapı olmadan birbirleriyle iletişim kuran mobil
cihazlardan oluşmaktadır. Bu özelliğinden dolayı mobil tasarsız ağların acil
durumlarda kullanılması önemli faydalar sağlamaktadır. Dinamik ve değişken
bağlantılardan dolayı acil durum ve kurtarma senaryolarında veri iletiminde
uçtan uca gecikme, bant genişliğinde tıkanıklık, paket iletiminde azalma gibi
çeşitli aksaklıklar meydana gelmektedir. Bu çalışmada, Ad hoc On-Demand
Distance Vector (AODV) protokolünün kuyruk yapısı değiştirilerek, TCP
paketlerine öncelik veren Emergency AODV (E-AODV) protokolü geliştirilmiştir.
E-AODV ile verilerin daha düşük uçtan uca gecikme süresinde iletilmesinin yanı
sıra paket dağıtım oranının ve throughput değerlerinin arttırılması amaçlanmıştır.
Önerilen protokolün başarımı iki farklı senaryo kullanılarak sınanmış ve
sonuçlar literatürdeki benzer çalışmalarla kıyaslanmıştır. E-AODV, uçtan uca
gecikme, paket dağıtım oranını ve throughput değerleri açısından her iki
senaryoda da daha başarılı sonuçlar vermiştir. 

Keywords

Mobil tasarsız ağlarda acil durum, MTA, AODV, E-AODV, uçtan uca gecikme

E-AODV: a Protocol Devoted to Emergency and Rescue Scenarios for Mobile Adhoc Networks

Abstract

Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) consist of mobile
devices that communicate with each other without a predefined fixed
infrastructure.  Using of MANETs provides
significant benefits in emergencies thanks to this feature. Various
malfunctions such as end to end delay, bandwidth congestion and, reduction in
the packet transmission ratio occur in data transmissions due to dynamic and
variable connections in emergency and rescue scenarios. In this study,
Emergency Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (E-AODV) protocol, giving priority
to TCP packets, was developed by modifying the queue structure of the AODV
protocol. It is aimed transmitting data within less end to end delay time along
with increasing packet transmission ratio and throughput, through E-AODV. The
performance of proposed protocol was investigated on two different scenarios in
a simulation environment and compared with similar studies in literature.
E-AODV gave more successful results in terms of the packet delivery ratio, end
to end delay and, throughput for the both scenarios.

Keywords

Emergency in mobil ad-hoc networks, MANET, AODV, E-AODV, end to end delay

References

• [1] Quispe, L. E. and Galan, L. M., “Behavior of ad hoc routing protocols, analyzed for emergency and rescue scenarios, on a real urban area”, Expert systems with applications, 41(5): 2565-2573, (2014)
• [2] Torres, R., Mengual, L., Marban, O., Eibe, S., Menasalvas, E. and Maza, B., “A management ad hoc networks model for rescue and emergency scenarios”, Expert Systems with Applications, 39(10): 9554-9563, (2012)
• [3] Mohapatra, S. and Kanungo, P., “Performance analysis of AODV, DSR, OLSR and DSDV routing protocols using NS2 simulator”, Procedia Engineering, 30: 69-76, (2012)
• [4] Tony, L. and Nicklas, H., “Routing Protocols in Wireless Ad-hoc Networks–A Simulation Study”, Master Thesis, Luleâ University of Technology, Stockholm, (1998)
• [5] Cordeiro, C. M. and Agrawal, D. P., “Ad hoc and sensor networks: theory and applications”, 2nd Edition, World Scientific, Singapore, (2011)
• [6] Zemlianov, A. and De Veciana, G., “Capacity of ad hoc wireless networks with infrastructure support”, IEEE Journal on selected areas in Communications, 23(3): 657-667, (2005)
• [7] Agrawal, D. P. and Zeng, Q. A., “Introduction to wireless and mobile systems”, Cengage learning, Stamford, Connecticut, USA, (2015)
• [8] Murthy, C. S. R. And Manoj, B. S., “Ad Hoc Wireless Networks: Architectures and Protocols”, Prentice Hall PRT, New Jersey, USA, (2004)
• [9] Perkins, C.E. and Royer, E.M., “Ad-Hoc on-demand distance vector routing”, Workshop on Mobile Computing Systems and Applications (WMCSA ‘99), IEEE, New Orleans, USA, 90-100, (1999, Şubat)
• [10] Perkins, C. E. and Bhagwat, P., “Highly dynamic destination-sequenced distance vector routing (DSDV) for mobile computers”, Computer Communication Review, 24(2): 234-245, (1994)
• [11] Johnson, D. B. and Maltz, D. A., “Dynamic source routing in ad hoc wireless networks”, Mobile computing, 153-181, (1996)
• [12] İnternet: Corson, S. and Macker, J., Mobile Ad hoc Networking (MANET): Routing Protocol Performance Issues and Evaluation Considerations. IETF Network Working Group. URL: http://www.webcitation.org/query? url=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc2501&date=2017-08-17. Son Erişim Tarihi: 17 Ağustos 2017.
• [13] GG. Gavrilovska, L. and Prasad, R., “Ad hoc networking towards seamless communications”, Springer, Netherlands, (2006)
• [14] İnternet: Perkins, C. E., Belding-Royer, E. M. and Das, S. R., Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) Routing. IETF Mobile Ad Hoc Networking Working Group. URL: http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Fdraft-ietf-manet-aodv-13&date=2017-08-17. Son Erişim Tarihi: 17 Ağustos 2017.
• [15] Doğru İ. A., Şimşek M., ve Akcayol M. A., “Hareketli AdHoc ağlarda bir hareketlilik yönetimi protokolü”, Politeknik Dergisi, 4: 313-318, (2008)
• [16] Ade, S. A. and Tijare, P. A., “Performance comparison of AODV, DSDV, OLSR and DSR routing protocols in mobile ad hoc networks”, International journal of information technology and knowledge management, 2(2): 545-548, (2010)
• [17] Johnson D. B., Maltz D. A. and Broch J., “DSR: The Dynamic Source Routing Protocol for Multihop Wireless Ad Hoc Networks”, In: Perkins, C. E. (ed), Ad hoc networking, Pearson, US, 141-146, (2001)
• [18] Fujiwara, T. and Watanabe, T., “An ad hoc networking scheme in hybrid networks for emergency communications”, Ad Hoc Networks, 3(5): 607-620, (2005)
• [19] Quispe, L. E., Tandazo, R. T. and Galan, L. M., “Analysis of ad hoc routing protocols for emergency and rescue scenarios”, 8th International Conference on Web Information Systems and Technologies (WEBIST 2012), Porto, Portugal, 781-786, (2012, Nisan)
• [20] İntrernet: The Network Simulator. NS-2. URL: http://www.webcitation.org/query? url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.isi.edu%2Fnsnam%2Fns%2F&date=2017-08-17. Son Erişim Tarihi: 17 Ağustos 2017.
• [21] Kumar, S., Rathy, R. K. and Pandey, D., “Design of an ad-hoc network model for disaster recovery scenario using various routing protocols”, In Proceedings of the International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communication and Control, ACM, Mumbai, India, 100-105, (2009, Ocak)
• [22] Ramesh, M. V., Jacob, A. and Devidas, A. R., “Enhanced Emergency Communication using Mobile Sensing and MANET”, Proceedings of the 2012 International Conference on Advances in Computing, Communications and Informatics (ICACCI’12), Chennai, India, 318-324, (2012, Ağustos)
• [23] Raffelsberger, C. and Hellwagner, H., “Evaluation of MANET Routing Protocols in a Realistic Emergency Response Scenario”, Proceedings of the 10th International Workshop on Intelligent Solutions in Embedded Systems (WISES), Klagenfurt, Austria, 88-92, (2012, Temmuz)
• [24] Torres R., Sandoval F.A., Enciso L. and Cueva S., “Improving Lifetime and Availability for Ad Hoc Networks to Emergency and Rescue Scenarios”, In: Rocha A., Correia A., Costanzo S., Reis L. (eds), New Contributions in Information Systems and Technologies, Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 353: 979-989, (2015)
• [25] Wister, M. A., Pancardo, P., Acosta, F. D. and Arias-Torres, D., “Performance evaluation of AODV and DYMO as a plattform for rescue task applications in MANETs”, Workshops of International and Applications (WAINA), IEEE, Biopolis, Singapore, 670-675, (2011, Mart)
• [26] Abed, A. K., Oz, G. And Aybay, I., “Influence of mobility models on the performance of data dissemination and routing in wireless mobile ad hoc networks”, Computers & Electrical Engineering, 40(2): 319-329, (2014)
• [27] Vitri, T. and Sabiq, A., "Android-based application using mobile adhoc network for search and rescue operation during disaster", Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (ICECOS), 2017 International Conference, IEEE, Palembang, Indonesia, 16-21, (2017)
• [28] Wang, H. S. and Liang, C. K., “An ad hoc on-demand routing protocol with alternate routes”, Proceedings of the 2003 international conference on Parallel and distributed processing and applications, Aizu-Wakamatsu, Japan, 100-111, (2003, Temmuz)